scholarly journals Effect of decision variables on yield and water productivity of onion under conventional furrow irrigation system in bako woreda, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
G Genemo ◽  
T Seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Use Efficiency

Flow rate and furrow length are the main irrigation decision variables currently affecting yield and water productivity at farm level. Improper selection of these variables produces an over use of water and loss in crop production. The general objective was to investigate the effect of decision variables on yield and water productivity of onion under conventional furrow irrigation system, with specific objective to analyze the effect of flow rate, furrow length and their interaction on yield and water productivity of onion. The field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of three levels of flow rate (0.7, 0.98 and 1.3 L/S) and three levels of furrow length (25, 35 and 50 m) with three replications. Inflow out flow method was used to determine the infiltration characteristics of the soil and Irrigation depth was controlled by using 3-inch Parshall flume. The maximum non-erosive flow rate to the experimental site was fixed through design equation considering soil textural class and furrow bed slope. Effect of furrow length and flow rate on yield and water productivity of the onion were used for evaluation. Their analyses indicated that effect of furrow length and their interaction with flow rate on yield were not significant (p<0.05). However, the flow rate showed highly significant (p<0.01) effect on yield of onion. The ranges of mean yield gained from furrow length and flow rate were F1 (14.75 ton ha-1) to F3 (15.96 ton ha-1) and Q1 (13.59 ton ha-1) to Q3 (19.69 ton ha-1), respectively. The effect of furrow length on crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency was not significant (p<0.05). However, the flow rate has showed highly significant (p<0.01) effect on crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency. The range of mean crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency from furrow length and flow rate were F1 (33.65 kg/ha/mm) to F3 (36.41 kg/ha/mm) and Q1 (30.99 kg/ha/mm) to Q3 (38.65kg/ha/mm) and F1 (2.06 kg/m3) to F3 (2.23 kg/m3) and Q1 (1.89 kg/m3) to Q3 (2.36 kg/m3), respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that a furrow length of 50 m is suitable to use 1.3 L/S of flow rate for better onion yield and water productivity under similar soil type of study area. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 92-100, June 2021

scholarly journals Determination of optimum irrigation scheduling for sorghum in Benna-Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
TM Lebiso ◽  
MM Mada
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Scarcity of water is the most severe constraint for sustainable development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Hence, novel irrigation water application systems need to be developed so that high crop yield and water productivity per unit of land can be increased. Thus, the field experiment was conducted with the objective of determining the effect of different soil moisture depletion levels on yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop in Benna-Tsemay woreda at Enchete kebele, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2019-2020). It was arranged in RCBD with three replications and treatment was rated for five levels of available soil moisture depletion (ASMD), where T1 = 60%, T2 = 80%, T3 = 100%, T4 = 120%, and T5 = 140% of ASMD. Analysis of variance has shown that yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by irrigation scheduling. As observed in this study, the most economically attractive and environmentally accepted for small scale farmers with tolerable cost of production and higher net benefit was obtained by application of T3 (100% ASMD) under conventional furrow irrigation system. Therefore, for this particular sorghum crop (teshale variety), it could be concluded that increased water saving and water productivity through irrigation at 100% ASMD under conventional furrow irrigation system can solve the problem of water shortage and would ensure the opportunity of further irrigation development in the study area and similar agro-ecology. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 95-102, Dec 2021

Irrigation management of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in a semi-arid tropical environment. II. Effect of irrigation frequency on soil and plant water status and crop water use

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Garside ◽  
RJ Lawn ◽  
RC Muchow ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Plant Water Status ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Plant and soil water status, crop water use and water use efficiency, as affected by irrigation treatment, were monitored over two seasons for soybean cv. Ross, sown in the late wet season in the Ord Irrigation Area in north Western Australia. Irrigation treatments were, in both seasons, furrow irrigation after cumulative open pan evaporative losses of 30, 60 120 and 240 mm, and in the second year, an additional treatment, saturated soil culture (continuous furrow irrigation, analogous to irrigation after 0 mm pan evaporation). As expected, during periods of strong evaporative demand plant water status, as indicated by leaf water potential and leaf conductance of water vapour, was consistently greater in the more frequently irrigated treatments, while soil water depletion occurred to greater extent and depth in the less frequently irrigated treatments. However, total soil water use was directly proportional to crop growth, so that there was little evidence that water use efficiency was enhanced by restricting water supply in this environment. Indeed, efficiency of water use even under the continuous furrow irrigation system was comparable with that from other irrigation treatments. The responses are interpreted to imply that there is unlikely to be any economic advantage to the use of limited supplemental irrigation in this environment.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Phenotyping of Crop Water Use Efficiency via Multispectral Drone Imagery and a Daily Soil Water Balance Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Thorp ◽  
Alison Thompson ◽  
Sara Harders ◽  
Andrew French ◽  
Richard Ward
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Improvement of crop water use efficiency (CWUE), defined as crop yield per volume of water used, is an important goal for both crop management and breeding. While many technologies have been developed for measuring crop water use in crop management studies, rarely have these techniques been applied at the scale of breeding plots. The objective was to develop a high-throughput methodology for quantifying water use in a cotton breeding trial at Maricopa, AZ, USA in 2016 and 2017, using evapotranspiration (ET) measurements from a co-located irrigation management trial to evaluate the approach. Approximately weekly overflights with an unmanned aerial system provided multispectral imagery from which plot-level fractional vegetation cover ( f c ) was computed. The f c data were used to drive a daily ET-based soil water balance model for seasonal crop water use quantification. A mixed model statistical analysis demonstrated that differences in ET and CWUE could be discriminated among eight cotton varieties ( p < 0 . 05 ), which were sown at two planting dates and managed with four irrigation levels. The results permitted breeders to identify cotton varieties with more favorable water use characteristics and higher CWUE, indicating that the methodology could become a useful tool for breeding selection.

Effects of biochar application on crop water use efficiency depend on experimental conditions: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 107763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Gao ◽  
Guangcheng Shao ◽  
Jia Lu ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Shiqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Improvement of Economic Water Productivity of Cucumber by using Soil Water Retention Technology under Subsurface Trickle Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Fatima Sadoon Mushab ◽  
Sabah Anwer Almasraf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Use Efficiency

Subsurface soil water retention (SWRT) is a recent technology for increasing the crop yield, water use efficiency and then the water productivity with less amount of applied water. The goal of this research was to evaluate the existing of SWRT with the influence of surface and subsurface trickle irrigation on economic water productivity of cucumber crop. Field study was carried out at the Hawr Rajab district of Baghdad governorate from October 1st, to December 31st, 2017. Three experimental treatments were used, treatment plot T1 using SWRT with subsurface trickle irrigation, plot T2 using SWRT with surface trickle irrigation, while plot T3 without using SWRT and using surface tickle irrigation system. The obtained results showed that the economic water productivity in plot T1 was greater than plots T2 and T3. The increasing value was about 65 % and 124 %, respectively. The benefit of the installing SWRT along with subsurface trickle irrigation in the crop root zone assisted to keep the water, nutrients and fertilizers during the root zone profile, improving the field water use efficiency and then the parameter of water productivity.

scholarly journals Does furrow irrigation system improve yield and water use efficiency of Kinnow mandarin (citrus reticulate blanco)?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Raza ◽  
Imtiaz A. Warraich ◽  
Muhammad A. Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Asim ◽  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Kinnow Mandarin

In Pakistan, orchards are irrigated using flood irrigation system that is considered sub-economical regarding water use efficiency. Considering the importance of natural water resources, there was a need to devise the method of applying irrigation water that would save water consumption, environmentally friendly and easily adopted by the growers. Thus, a research trial was conducted at Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan on 0.41 ha area of Kinnow mandarin. The total area was divided into two parts, half of the area was used for furrow irrigation system and the remaining half was used for flood irrigation system. Tensiometers were installed in the soil in furrow and flood irrigation system to assess the moisture condition in the soil. Irrigations were applied when tensiometer readings reached 40 centibars. The quantity of water used for irrigation was measured with a flume meter and then percentage of water saving was calculated. The study revealed that furrow irrigation system significantly improved the number of fruits per tree (1153), fruit yield (179.89 kg per plant) and juice percentage (48.38%) compared with flood irrigation system where the number of fruits per tree were711, fruit yield was 110.61 kg per plant and juice percentage was 46.31%. However, TSS/acidity ratio, and peel and rag percentage were not affected by the different irrigation systems. In furrow irrigation system 24 irrigations were applied per year with average water saving of 46.14% and water use efficiency (WUE) was 4.58 kg m-3 whereas in flood irrigation system average numbers of irrigations were 15 per year and WUE was 2.34 kg m-3only. Therefore, furrow irrigation system is recommended for the citrus growers to improve the water use efficiency, yield and fruit quality of Kinnow mandarin.

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