scholarly journals Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Food Colorants from Three Morphotypes of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Hari Pada Seal ◽  
Mohammad Amdad Ali ◽  
Md Usuf Ali ◽  
Mosammat Hasina Akhter ◽  
Fowzia Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

This article describes a simple solvent extraction method for the extraction of colorants from the three morphotypes such as, (Morphotype-1 (M1), Morphotype-2 (M2), and Morphotype- 3 (M3) of Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) seeds, and their separation, vivid, and qualitative demonstration by thin-layer chromatography. Several solvent systems (hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and a mixed-solvent having composition of CHCl3/C2H5OH/CH3COOH (80:2:1)) were applied for extraction of colored components. It was observed that a large portion of colorants was extracted by chloroform. Its effluent was deep brick red in color and transparent. Furthermore, various carrier solvent systems (Benzene-Ethyl acetate) were used to separate the components from the extracts. Carrier solvent system with the ratio of 7:3 was found as superior solvent for chloroform extracts. Three colored-spots were observed for all morphotypes. Among them, the first one was yellow colored having very low polarity and the second and third spots were both redbrick colored having medium and higher polarity respectively. In addition, for M1 no colorless-spot was observed in low and medium polar systems, revealing that the amount of wax and gum were minimum in the extract and superior morphotype among the three. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v2i1.13987 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 2 (1): 7-12, June, 2012

OPTIMIZATION OF THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHODS FOR SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS IN THEIR MIXTURE

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Daiva Kazlauskienė ◽  
Guoda Kiliuvienė ◽  
Palma Nenortienė ◽  
Giedrė Kasparavičienė ◽  
Ieva Matukaitytė
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Paroxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Fluvoxamine Maleate ◽  
Layer Chromatography

By conducting the toxicological analysis it is meaningful to determine the analytical system that could identify simultaneously several medicinal preparations quickly and precisely. The purpose of this work was to create and validate the method of thin-layer chromatography that would be suitable to separate the components of antidepressant mixture (amitriptyline hydrochloride, paroxetine hydrochloride, sertraline hydrochloride, fluvoxamine maleate and buspirone hydrochloride) and to identify them. The system was validated with regard to the sensitivity, repetition of data, resistance and particularity. The solvent systems with potential of high separation of components in their mixture were created: acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5); acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (75:20:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (50:45:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (42:55:3); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (25:70:5); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (60:36:4). One of the most suitable solvent systems for separation of the analyzed mixture (sertraline, amitriptyline, paroxetine, buspirone, fluvoxamine) was determined – acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5). When this solvent system was used, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds differed the most. Validation was conducted – the relative standard deviation (RSD, percent) of the average Rf value of the analyzed compounds varied from 0,6 to 1,8 percent and did not exceed the permissible error of 5 percent. The sensitivity of methodology was determined by assessing the intensity of the mixture’s spots on the chromatographic plate. The detection limit of buspirone was 0,0012 µg; sertraline – 0,0008 µg; amitriptyline – 0,0004 µg; fluvoxamine – 0,0004 µg; paroxetine – 0,0008 µg. The resistance of results to the changed conditions – it was determined that when the amounts of the solvents acetonitrile and methanol were increased or decreased to two milliliters, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds did not change statistically significantly

scholarly journals High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Selected Organophosphorous Pesticide Residues in Tea

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1210-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongde Yue ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
Feng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

Abstract The separation of 9 organophosphates (monocrotophos, quinalphos, triazophos, parathion-methyl, isofenphos-methyl, temephos, parathion, phoxim-ethyl, and chlorpyrifos) by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with automated multiple development was studied. The HPTLC method was developed and validated for analysis of residues of phoxim-ethyl and chlorpyrifos in tea. The sample was extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by ENVI-CARB solid-phase extraction. The extract was directly applied as bands to glass-backed silica gel 60F254 HPTLC plates. The plates were developed with dichloromethanehexane (1 1, v/v) in a glass twin-trough chamber. Evaluation of the developed HPTLC plates was performed densitometrically. The results indicated that the detection limits of phoxim and chlorpyrifos were 5.0 109 and 1.0 108 g, respectively. Recoveries of the pesticides from tea by this analytical method were 90.7105.5%, and relative standard deviations were 7.313.5%. The precision and accuracy of the method were generally satisfactory for analysis of pesticide residues in tea.

Simplified Qualitative Analysis of Glycerides Derived from Coconut Oil Using Thin Layer Chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirikarn Pengon ◽  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Tlc Plates ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) oil is composed predominately of medium-chain triglycerides which have been reported to be beneficial to human health. It also contains free fatty acids (FFAs) which can combine with glycerol to form monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides. The analysis of FFAs and their glycerides has been proposed to assess the quality of coconut oil used as raw materials in various industrial fields. The aim of this study was to develop the qualitative method for investigation of FFA and their glycerides in coconut oil using thin layer chromatography (TLC). Coconut oil and standards of FFA and their glycerides were chromatographed separately on Silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates using hexane: ether: acetic acid (60:40:1) and hexane: ethyl acetate: acetic acid (60:40:0.5) as solvent systems A and B, respectively. The spots on developing TLC plates were detected and compared using 254-nm UV light and iodine vapor. The results showed that the resolution of solvent system A was better than that of solvent system B. However, both solvent systems were used to confirm the results. The retention factor (Rf) values of the components were in good agreement with their polarity. This method should provide a guideline for qualitative analysis of coconut oil.

Gas Chromatographic/Thin-Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Acetylated Codeine and Morphine in Urine

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1486-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh C Jain ◽  
Thomas C Sneath ◽  
Robert D Budd ◽  
Wai J Leung
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography System

Abstract This procedure positively identifies codeine and morphine in urine. Urine samples are hydrolyzed and extracted with organic solvent, and the extracts are evaporated and acetylated. The presence of codeine and morphine is ascertained by gas chromatography (3% OV-25 and 3% Poly-A 103 columns) and confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (system: ethyl acetate/acetone/concd ammonium hydroxide, 100/10/4.5 by vol; reagent: iodoplatinate). As little as 0.5 mg each of codeine and morphine per liter, in free and conjugated forms, is detectable by this method.

CHROMATOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION OF ESTRIOL AND 16,17-EPIESTRIOL AS CONSTITUENTS OF THE URINE OF THE LAYING HEN

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Mathur ◽  
R. H. Common
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Alumina Column ◽  
Hydrophilic Fraction ◽  
Alumina Column Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Extract ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of

Presumptive estriol and 16,17-epiestriol fractions were separated from laying hens' urine by subjecting the hydrophilic fraction of the urinary phenolic extract to successive thin-layer chromatography (t.l.c), alumina-column chromatography, further t.l.c, and finally, microsublimation. The presence of estriol in the presumptive estriol fraction was confirmed by comparison of the thin-layer chromatographic behaviors of the phenol and four derivatives thereof with the behaviors of reference estriol and four corresponding derivatives of this reference material each in three different solvent systems. The presence of 16,17-epiestriol in the presumptive 16,17-epiestriol fraction was confirmed by similar comparisons of the presumptive 16,17-epiestriol fraction and five derivatives thereof with reference 16,17-epiestriol and five corresponding derivatives each in three solvent systems; and chromatographic correspondences for two further derivatives were observed in one solvent system each.It is concluded that estriol and 16,17-epiestriol are normal constituents of hens' urine.

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