scholarly journals Review on Treatment of Gout & Hyperuricemia

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Chowdhury ◽  
MM Hassan ◽  
F Hakim ◽  
SA Haq
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Monosodium Urate ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Local Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Msu Crystals

In the last few decades, both hyperuricemia and gout have increased markedly. Recent studies show new concept into the transporters that handle uric acid in the kidney as well as possible links between these transporters & hyperuricemia. There are changes in the treatment of established hyperuricemia. Febuxostat and PEGuricase are two novel treatments that have been evaluated and shown to be highly effective in the management of hyperuricemia. Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals are the inducers of inflammation. Within the joint, they trigger a local inflammatory reaction, neutrophil recruitment, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as other inflammatory mediators. The uptake of MSU crystals by monocytes involves interactions with components of the innate immune system. The inflammatory effects of MSU are IL-1-dependent and can be blocked by IL-1 inhibitors. These advances in the understanding of hyperuricemia and gout provide new therapeutic targets for the future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v29i2.7953 (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2011; 29: 85-95)

scholarly journals Untangling the Web of Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donato Rigante ◽  
Giuseppe Lopalco ◽  
Antonio Vitale ◽  
Orso Maria Lucherini ◽  
Francesco Caso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Autoinflammatory Diseases ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
The Web

The innate immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs), an enlarging group of disorders caused by dysregulated production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α, in which autoreactive T-lymphocytes and autoantibodies are indeed absent. A widely deranged innate immunity leads to overactivity of proinflammatory cytokines and subsequent multisite inflammatory symptoms depicting various conditions, such as hereditary periodic fevers, granulomatous disorders, and pyogenic diseases, collectively described in this review. Further research should enhance our understanding of the genetics behind SAIDs, unearth triggers of inflammatory attacks, and result in improvement for their diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals The Immune System in Tissue Environments Regaining Homeostasis after Injury: Is “Inflammation” Always Inflammation?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onkar P. Kulkarni ◽  
Julia Lichtnekert ◽  
Hans-Joachim Anders ◽  
Shrikant R. Mulay
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Tissue Injuries

Inflammation is a response to infections or tissue injuries. Inflammation was once defined by clinical signs, later by the presence of leukocytes, and nowadays by expression of “proinflammatory” cytokines and chemokines. But leukocytes and cytokines often have rather anti-inflammatory, proregenerative, and homeostatic effects. Is there a need to redefine “inflammation”? In this review, we discuss the functions of “inflammatory” mediators/regulators of the innate immune system that determine tissue environments to fulfill the need of the tissue while regaining homeostasis after injury.

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