Evaluation of Serum Calcium Levels in Pre-eclampsia

Preeclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. Reduced serum magnesium level is found to be associated with elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the serum magnesium level in preeclamptic women. For this study 50 preeclamptic patients, with age range 20 to 40 years having gestational age range from 20 to 40 weeks and 50 age and gestational age matched normotensive pregnant women having no proteinuria were enrolled. Serum magnesium was measured by colorimetric method. The mean(±SD) age and mean(±SD) gestational age of preeclampsia was not significantly different from those of normotensive pregnant women (p=0.203 and p=0.251 respectively). The mean(±SD) body mass index of the preeclamptic patients was significantly higher compared to that of normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001). The mean(±SD) serum magnesium level was 3.37±2.05 mg/dl in preeclamptic group and 2.87±1.38 mg/dl in normal pregnant women; the level did not differ significantly between the subject of preeclampsia and normal pregnant women (p=0.153). Findings of this study suggest that serum magnesium has no association with preeclampsia.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(1): 10-15

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A cross sectional study to evaluate serum calcium levels among pregnant women and it's association with preeclampsia and delivery outcomes at tertiary care Hospital Bikaner, Rajasthan

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 2026

Author(s):

Laxmi Poonia ◽

Swati Kochar ◽

Shweta Chaudhary ◽

Priyanka Gaur ◽

Kirti Solanki

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia complicates about 10% of pregnancies worldwide. Preeclampsia is one of the major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the National Health Portal of India, the incidence of preeclampsia is reported to be about 8-10% among pregnant women. The present study was aimed to compare mean serum calcium levels in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women at third trimester of gestation and assess relationship between maternal serum calcium levels, severity of disease and overall maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted on 200 females divided into two groups (i.e. Study and Control Group) from 1st November 2019 to 31st October 2020. Informed consent was obtained for subjecting. Detailed history and clinical examination were performed. Serum calcium level was measured in both groups by spectrophotometric method.Results: Mean serum calcium level in study group (preeclamptic) was 7.84+0.74mg/dl while in control group (normotensive) mean serum calcium level was 9.68+0.97mg/dl. Serum calcium level was significantly lower in preeclamptic women than normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001).Serum calcium showed significant negative correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: This study concludes that hypocalcaemia may have a role in aetiology of preeclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Thus intake of calcium supplements may help in reduction of incidence of preeclampsia especially in a population of a developing country.

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Hypocalcaemia and its contributing factors among first trimester pregnant women in an urban area in Malaysia

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-04-2017-0078 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 165-176

Author(s):

Noor Sharifatul Hana Yeop ◽

Zaleha Md Isa ◽

Khadijah Shamsuddin ◽

Khor Geok Lin ◽

Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type

Purpose The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of hypocalcaemia among first-trimester pregnant women and its contributing factors. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was carried out among first-trimester pregnant women who were recruited during their first antenatal visit. A total of 396 respondents of age 18-40 years completed the self-administered questionnaire (socio-demographic, socio-economic, obstetric information), validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for calcium (FFQ-calcium), anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and blood test for serum calcium during their first trimester. Findings The prevalence of hypocalcaemia based on serum calcium level of less than 2.11 mmol/L was 26.0 per cent (n = 103). The median serum calcium level was 2.2 mmol/L (IQR, 25th and 75th percentile – 2.1 and 2.3, respectively). Milk intake of less than two glasses per day during pregnancy showed a twofold increase in developing hypocalcaemia (OR, 2.231; 95 per cent CI, 1.399, 3.588). Other than that, underweight (aOR, 2.038; 95 per cent SK, 1.088, 3.820) and obese before pregnancy (aOR, 1.954; 95 per cent SK, 1.007, 3.790) are also predictors of hypocalcaemia. Originality/value The prevalence of hypocalcaemia among first-trimester pregnant women in this study was 26.0 per cent. Intake of two or more glasses of milk per day can help prevent hypocalcaemia at this stage of pregnancy.

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The effect of phototherapy on serum calcium level in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20203174 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 1772

Author(s):

Anjali Vasant Kale ◽

Pranoti Uttam Jadhao ◽

Aashna Valecha ◽

Sreelekha Kethepalli

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Before And After

Background: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the leading causes for admission in NICU in the first week of life. This condition if left untreated may lead to irreversible neurological damage hence increasing mortality and morbidity in newborns. Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is treated with phototherapy which employs blue wavelengths of light to change unconjugated bilirubin in the skin. The bilirubin is then converted to less toxic water-soluble photo-isomers that are excreted in the bile and urine. There are several toxic effects to the use of this treatment, one of them being hypocalcemia.Methods: This study has been done at Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences in 2016-2018 on 100 new-borns to prove the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium levels in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. New-born who were admitted in NICU for Hyperbilirubinemia were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, their sample for serum calcium and serum bilirubin levels were taken as pre and post phototherapy samples.Results: It was observed that the mean Serum calcium level before phototherapy in neonates was 9.31 mg/dl with standard deviation of 0.69 mg/dl. Whereas after phototherapy mean serum calcium level in neonates was 8.88 mg/dl with standard deviation of 0.73 mg/dl. There was statistically significant mean difference in serum calcium level at before and after phototherapy in neonates (p<0.0001).Conclusions: This study proves the hypothesis that phototherapy can cause hypocalcemia in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.

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Phototherapy Induced Hypocalcemia in Neonates with Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/gubk9588 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 4-8

Author(s):

Amna Khan ◽

Anila Farhat ◽

Hamayun Anwar ◽

Sajid Shamim ◽

Mujeeb Ur Rehman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ◽

Before And After

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypocalcemia in neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia receivingphototherapy.Study design and setting: Cross sectional study conducted at neonatal intensive care unit, King Abdullah Teaching Hospital,Mansehra for one year from December 2017 to November 2018.Methodology: Total 213 full term stable neonates of either gender with jaundice were studied in this study. Out of which,143 with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were exposed to phototherapy while 70 neonates with exaggerated physiologicalhyperbilirubinemia taken as control were not exposed to phototherapy. Serum calcium level was determined through bloodtest before and after 24 hours of phototherapy. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data. Frequency and percentageswere used to describe categorical variables like gender and hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia was stratified by age and genderto see effect modifiers. Post stratified chi-square test was applied in which p value = 0.05 was considered as significancevalue.Results: In study group, 143 neonates who received phototherapy had mean age of 7 days ± 2.62 SD. Total 65% neonateswere male and 35% neonates were female. Mean serum calcium level of neonates before and after provision of phototherapywas 9.28 mg/dl ± 0.23 and 8.54 mg/dl ± 0.68 respectively, which is statistically significant. The frequency of hypocalcemiawas 40% in neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia after 24 hours of phototherapy.Conclusion: Hypocalcemia is an important complication in neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia after continuousphototherapy. Hypocalcemia has clinical impact and adds to morbidity, and if left untreated, can lead to mortality.

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Association of Serum Calcium Levels With Renal Impairment and All-cause Death in Chinese Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Cross-sectional, Longitudinal Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34677/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Cheng ◽

Wen Zhang ◽

Yi Zhao ◽

Xiayu Li ◽

Rong Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Serum

Abstract Background: A number of studies have shown that serum calcium has a crucial role in many types of cancers. However, few studies have determined the association between serum calcium levels and renal impairment (RI) and all-cause death in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods: Two hundred forty-six of 566 participants who were followed for > 6 months from a MM cohort at our institution between January 2011 and June 2017 were eligible for the retrospective study. A generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were conducted to investigated the cross-sectional relationship between serum calcium level and RI and eGFR at baseline；Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline serum calcium levels and onset of end-stage renal disease(ESRD) or death in patients with MM followed for > 6 months.Results: Using the IMWG criteria,162 of 566 patients (28.6%) with newly diagnosed MM presented with RI . The mean duration of follow-up was 26.64 months. Twenty-one patients (8.54%) died and 28 patients（11.52%）had ESRD.The serum calcium level was independently associated with the occurrence of MM-related RI. There was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the presence of RI in patients with MM in the cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data. Cox regression analysis showed that baseline serum calcium levels were consistently associated with a higher risk of all-cause death after adjustment for various clinical and laboratory factors, but were not associated with the occurrence of ESRD. When patients were categorized into 2 groups according to baseline mean serum calcium level, deaths occurred in 13 patients (15.1%) with mean serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L compared to 8 patients (5.0%) with mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L (p < 0.05); Eighteen patients (11.46%) with a mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L progressed to ESRD compared to 13 patients (11.6%) with a serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L (p > 0.05).Conclusions: This observational study showed that there was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the occurrence of RI. An elevated baseline calcium level can predict all-cause death in patients with MM, but cannot predict the occurrence of ESRD, suggesting that the serum calcium level may serve as a useful clinical biomarker for the survival rate of patients with MM followed for > 6 months. Additional data from larger prospective longitudinal studies are required to validate our findings.

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Association of Serum Calcium Levels with Renal Impairment and All-Cause Death in Chinese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35512/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Cheng ◽

Wen Zhang ◽

Yi Zhao ◽

Xiayu Li ◽

Rong Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Serum

Abstract Background: A number of studies have shown that serum calcium has a crucial role in many types of cancers. However, few studies have determined the association between serum calcium levels and renal impairment (RI) and all-cause death in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods: Two hundred forty-six of 566 participants who were followed for > 6 months from a MM cohort at our institution between January 2011 and June 2017 were eligible for the retrospective study. A generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were conducted to investigated the cross-sectional relationship between serum calcium level and RI and eGFR at baseline；Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline serum calcium levels and onset of end-stage renal disease(ESRD) or death in patients with MM followed for > 6 months.Results: Using the IMWG criteria,162 of 566 patients (28.6%) with newly diagnosed MM presented with RI . The mean duration of follow-up was 26.64 months. Twenty-one patients (8.54%) died and 28 patients（11.52%）had ESRD.The serum calcium level was independently associated with the occurrence of MM-related RI. There was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the presence of RI in patients with MM in the cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data. Cox regression analysis showed that baseline serum calcium levels were consistently associated with a higher risk of all-cause death after adjustment for various clinical and laboratory factors, but were not associated with the occurrence of ESRD. When patients were categorized into 2 groups according to baseline mean serum calcium level, deaths occurred in 13 patients (15.1%) with mean serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L compared to 8 patients (5.0%) with mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L (p < 0.05); Eighteen patients (11.46%) with a mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L progressed to ESRD compared to 13 patients (11.6%) with a serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L (p > 0.05).Conclusions: This observational study showed that there was a non-linear relationship between the serum calcium level and the occurrence of RI. An elevated baseline calcium level can predict all-cause death in patients with MM, but cannot predict the occurrence of ESRD, suggesting that the serum calcium level may serve as a useful clinical biomarker for the survival rate of patients with MM followed for > 6 months. Additional data from larger prospective longitudinal studies are required to validate our findings.

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Serum calcium level among pregnant women and its association with pre-eclampsia and delivery outcomes: A cross-sectional study from North India

Nepal Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.3126/nje.v9i4.23150 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 795-803 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shashi Kant ◽

Partha Haldar ◽

Anant Gupta ◽

Ayush Lohiya

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Care Hospital

Background: Calcium requirement increases during pregnancy, thereby increasing the chances of developing hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia may be associated with pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, we planned this study to estimate the prevalence of hypocalcaemia among pregnant women attending secondary care hospital, and to study the association between hypocalcaemia and pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a secondary level hospital at Ballabgarh, district Faridabad, Haryana, India. Consecutive pregnant women with gestation period more than 28 weeks were enrolled. Dietary calcium intake was ascertained using 24-hour dietary recall method. Serum calcium estimation was done by Biolis 24i auto analyser. Outcome of pregnancy (preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW) babies, and neonatal mortality) was assessed telephonically 3 months after the enrolment. Results: A total of 696 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Mean (SD) dietary calcium intake and serum calcium level was 796.4 (360.4) mg/day and 9.56 (0.94) mg/dl respectively. Prevalence (95% CI) of hypocalcaemia was 23.9% (20.8 – 27.2%). Serum total calcium level was not associated with dietary calcium intake (p-value – 0.36). Mean serum calcium level was significantly lower in mothers who had LBW babies. Pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, and neonatal mortality were not associated with serum calcium level. Conclusion: Serum calcium level may not be related to dietary calcium level. Hence, the current recommendation of calcium supplementation during antenatal period appears to be inconclusive among our study population.

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Serum Calcium Level in Mild and Severe Preeclampsia- A study in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka

Northern International Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/nimcj.v9i1.35922 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 255-257

Author(s):

Marlina Roy ◽

Asma Rahman ◽

Hafsa Begum ◽

Rokeya Khan ◽

Nasrin Hasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Calcium Supplementation ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

Military Hospital ◽

Fetal Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mild Preeclampsia

Background : Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical complications during pregnancy and are associated with high maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity.Half of the pregnant women with hypertension have preeclampsia. Association of low serum calcium level with preeclampsia(PE) is known decades together.Objectives : To assess serum calcium level in mild and severe preeclampsia(PE).Materials and Method : This was a comparative cross sectional study conducted in the department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH),Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data were collected from 50 mild preeclampsia and 50 severe preeclampsia patients admitted in Obstetric and Gynaecology ward of CMH who fulfill the inclusion criteria. Study period was July 2015 to December 2015. Serum calcium was measured in Auto analyzer machine in the clinical pathology of Armed forced Institute of pathology (AFIP). Data were analyzed by statistical software, SPSS version 20.Results : Serum calcium level was found in severe PE was 8.12mg/dl and in mild PE was 8.85mg/dl. Study also reveals that routine calcium supplementation was consumed less in severe PE than mild PE patients.Conclusion : Serum calcium is markedly reduce in severe preeclampsia than in mild preeclampsia. Therefore routine examination of serum calcium level may be useful as diagnostic marker in high risk pregnancy.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.9(1) July 2017: 255-257

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Association of serum calcium levels with renal impairment and all-cause death in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a cross-sectional, longitudinal study

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-020-00525-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jun Cheng ◽

Wen Zhang ◽

Yi Zhao ◽

Xiayu Li ◽

Rong Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Serum Calcium Level ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Serum

Abstract Background More studies have shown that serum calcium has a crucial role in many types of cancers. However, few studies have determined the association between serum calcium levels and renal impairment (RI) and all-cause death in Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A total of 246 of 565 participants who were followed for > 6 months from a MM cohort at our institution were eligible for the retrospective study. A generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were performed to investigate the cross-sectional relationship between the serum calcium level and RI at baseline. Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to assess the associations between baseline serum calcium levels and the onset of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death in patients with MM. Results A total of 172 of 565 patients (30.4%) with newly diagnosed MM presented with RI. The mean duration of follow-up was 26.64 months. Twenty-one patients (8.54%) died and 28 patients (11.52%) had ESRD. In patients with a serum calcium level > 2.30 mmol/L, the serum calcium level was independently associated with the occurrence of MM-related RI. Cox regression analysis showed that baseline serum calcium levels were consistently associated with a higher risk of all-cause death in the fully adjusted model, but were not associated with the occurrence of ESRD. When patients were categorized into two groups according to baseline mean serum calcium level, deaths occurred in 13 patients (15.1%) with a mean serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L compared to eight patients (5.0%) with a mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L (p < 0.05); Eighteen patients (11.46%) with a mean serum calcium level < 2.44 mmol/L progressed to ESRD compared to 13 patients (11.6%) with a serum calcium level > 2.44 mmol/L (p > 0.05). Conclusions This observational study showed that there was a nonlinear relationship between the serum calcium level and the presence of RI in patients with MM. An elevated baseline calcium level predicted all-cause death, but did not predict the occurrence of ESRD in patients with MM followed for > 6 months.

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