scholarly journals A cross sectional study to evaluate serum calcium levels among pregnant women and it's association with preeclampsia and delivery outcomes at tertiary care Hospital Bikaner, Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2026
Author(s):  
Laxmi Poonia ◽  
Swati Kochar ◽  
Shweta Chaudhary ◽  
Priyanka Gaur ◽  
Kirti Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia complicates about 10% of pregnancies worldwide. Preeclampsia is one of the major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the National Health Portal of India, the incidence of preeclampsia is reported to be about 8-10% among pregnant women. The present study was aimed to compare mean serum calcium levels in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women at third trimester of gestation and assess relationship between maternal serum calcium levels, severity of disease and overall maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted on 200 females divided into two groups (i.e. Study and Control Group) from 1st November 2019 to 31st October 2020. Informed consent was obtained for subjecting. Detailed history and clinical examination were performed. Serum calcium level was measured in both groups by spectrophotometric method.Results: Mean serum calcium level in study group (preeclamptic) was 7.84+0.74mg/dl while in control group (normotensive) mean serum calcium level was 9.68+0.97mg/dl. Serum calcium level was significantly lower in preeclamptic women than normotensive pregnant women (p<0.001).Serum calcium showed significant negative correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: This study concludes that hypocalcaemia may have a role in aetiology of preeclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Thus intake of calcium supplements may help in reduction of incidence of preeclampsia especially in a population of a developing country. 

scholarly journals Susceptibility for varicella and factors associated with immunity among pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka- a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishara P. Premathilake ◽  
Praveena Aluthbaduge ◽  
Channa P. Senanayake ◽  
Renuka Jayalatharachchi ◽  
Sirithilak Gamage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Abnormal Fetal Echocardiography in Diabetic Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotshna Sharma ◽  
Sanjeeb Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fetal Echocardiography ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review

Introduction: The sedentary lifestyle of women and change in their food habits has a significantrole in developing diabetes in pregnancies. This leads to an increased chance of fetal cardiacabnormality born by a mother with gestational diabetes and pre-existing diabetes. The objectiveof the study is to find out the prevalence of abnormal fetal echocardiography in gestational andpre-existing diabetic pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 diabetic pregnantwomen in a tertiary care hospital from April 15, 2017, to April 14, 2018. Ethical approvalwas obtained from the institutional review committee. The convenient sampling method wasused. The patients who were diagnosed as gestational diabetes and diabetic before pregnancywere included in the study. Fetal echocardiography was mainly done at a gestational age of22-32 weeks depending upon the time of diagnosis of gestational diabetes and for pre-diabeticwomen, fetal echocardiography was done at 24-26 weeks of gestation. Statistical analysis wasdone using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Among 104 patients, 16 (15.38%) patients had abnormal fetal echocardiography.Eighty-three (79.81%) were gestational diabetics, 21 (20.19%) were pre-existing diabeticwomen. Among 83 gestational diabetes, 7 (8.4%) had abnormal echo finding and among 21pre-existing diabetics, 9 (42.8%) had abnormal echo finding. Conclusions: There was an increased chance of fetal cardiac malformation in gestational diabeticand pre-existing diabetics diabetic especially in an uncontrolled glycemic state. And, if theywere diagnosed prenatally, clinical outcomes for both mother and fetus would have been better.

scholarly journals Hypocalcemia in Elderly Population in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (231) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Rabindra Jang Rayamajhi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: As the medical facilities are improving, the life expectancy is increasing which has led to rapid rise in elderly population. The epidemiology of many diseases in elderly has been modified, including calcium imbalance. This study aims to know the prevalence of hypocalcemia in elderly population visiting a tertiary care center of Kathmandu. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center of Kathmandu from March to July 2020 after obtaining ethical clearance (Ref: 2003202007). Total 402 participants at or above 60 years of age groups visiting outpatient departments were included in the study by convenience sampling method excluding those under vitamin D and calcium supplements. Serum total calcium level was measured using standard routine method and corrected with albumin. The serum calcium value less than 8 mg/dl was considered as hypocalcemia in accordance with the reference range of our laboratory. Data analysis for calculation of frequency and proportion was done in Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Results: The prevalence of hypocalcaemia in elderly was found to be 97 (24.1%). Out of 286 participants of age group 60-74 years, hypocalcemia was seen in 75 (26.2%) and among 116 participants of age group >74 years, 22 (19%) were hypocalcemic. Among 181 male participants, 44 (24.3%) had hypocalcemia and out of 221 female participants, 53 (24%) had hypocalcemia. Conclusions: The finding of present study suggests that hypocalcemia is common among elderly which can be life threatening. Therefore, regular monitoring of serum calcium is recommended for this age group.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) in the First Trimester of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1855-1857
Author(s):  
Israr-Ul- Haq ◽  
Junaid Mushtaq ◽  
Atiq Ahmad ◽  
Waqas Mahmood ◽  
Mujtaba Hasan Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Aim: To evaluate and assess the prevalence along with its related complications of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant ladies during the 1st trimester of pregnancy in Pakistani population. Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Unit-1 of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from 11th February 2019 to 29th December 2019. Methodology: Four hundred and fifty seven pregnant women with a gestational age up to 12th week with an age group between 18-45 years were included in this study. Blood samples were collected for free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Patients were regularly followed at an interval of 4 weeks for their entire pregnancy period. Adverse events and complications were noted. Results: One hundred and sixty nine subjects had TSH levels above the normal range i.e., 4.6-10mIU/L. 288 subjects were having TSH below 4 mIU/L levels. The overall prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was found to be 37% in pregnant women during their first trimester of pregnancy. Pregnant women having subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) were having higher risks of loss of pregnancy, abruptio placentae and neonatal death rates as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in the first trimester of pregnancy indicates that these women are at increased risks of loss of pregnancy, placental abruption and neonatal death as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Keywords: First trimester; pregnancy; subclinical hypothyroidism

Hypocalcaemia and its contributing factors among first trimester pregnant women in an urban area in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Noor Sharifatul Hana Yeop ◽  
Zaleha Md Isa ◽  
Khadijah Shamsuddin ◽  
Khor Geok Lin ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of hypocalcaemia among first-trimester pregnant women and its contributing factors. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was carried out among first-trimester pregnant women who were recruited during their first antenatal visit. A total of 396 respondents of age 18-40 years completed the self-administered questionnaire (socio-demographic, socio-economic, obstetric information), validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for calcium (FFQ-calcium), anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and blood test for serum calcium during their first trimester. Findings The prevalence of hypocalcaemia based on serum calcium level of less than 2.11 mmol/L was 26.0 per cent (n = 103). The median serum calcium level was 2.2 mmol/L (IQR, 25th and 75th percentile – 2.1 and 2.3, respectively). Milk intake of less than two glasses per day during pregnancy showed a twofold increase in developing hypocalcaemia (OR, 2.231; 95 per cent CI, 1.399, 3.588). Other than that, underweight (aOR, 2.038; 95 per cent SK, 1.088, 3.820) and obese before pregnancy (aOR, 1.954; 95 per cent SK, 1.007, 3.790) are also predictors of hypocalcaemia. Originality/value The prevalence of hypocalcaemia among first-trimester pregnant women in this study was 26.0 per cent. Intake of two or more glasses of milk per day can help prevent hypocalcaemia at this stage of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Knowledge about obstetric danger signs among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary care hospital of Delhi: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3738
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Geeta Yadav ◽  
Vijay Zutshi ◽  
Suman Bodat
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Danger Sign ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstetric Danger Signs ◽  
Danger Signs

Background: According to UNICEF, globally 800 million women die due to preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth; 20% of which occur in India. It is therefore imperative to understand the level of knowledge about danger signs among pregnant women to augment timely redressal of preventive obstetric causes of mortality.Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional study was conducted at the ANC Clinic in Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi from 2nd July to 27th July 2018. Convenient sampling was used to identify and interview 354 pregnant women, using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analysed with SPSSv21. Results were presented as frequencies and proportions. Chi square was used to test for association between qualitative variables, and p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: 48.3%, 35.6%, and 40.1% of pregnant women had knowledge about danger signs during pregnancy, labour and postpartum respectively. Majority of the women had knowledge about abdominal pain (58.4%) and severe fatigue (80.7%) as danger signs of pregnancy, while bleeding (82.5%) was the most common response as danger sign of labour. More than half had knowledge about heavy bleeding (59.9%) as danger sign of postpartum. The women lacked awareness about Convulsions (92.9%) as danger signs of pregnancy and labour, as well as smelly vaginal discharge (79.6%) in postpartum.Conclusions: Knowledge of obstetric danger signs among pregnant women is still lower. It needs further awareness as it can help in early diagnosis and referral of patients thus reducing maternal mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thyroid Disorder in Pregnant Women Visiting a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (233) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Khakurel ◽  
Chandrima Karki ◽  
Sanat Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Management Of Complications

Introduction: The function of the thyroid gland is altered during pregnancy. Thyroid disorders during pregnancy are associated with serious maternal and fetal outcomes. Universal screening for thyroid disorders is recommended in the first trimester of pregnancy. This study aims to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorder during pregnancy in women attending a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from March 2020 to August 2020 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review committee with reference number 20032020. The pregnant women >18 years of age, irrespective of their gestational age and gravida status, were included in the study by convenience sampling method. The participants were screened by estimation of thyroid function test. Data were collected, and statistical analysis was done in Statistical Packages for Social Services version 20.0. Results: A total of 329 pregnant women were included in this study. The prevalence of thyroid disorders in the present study is 24.62 %. The most common thyroid disorder observed was subclinical hypothyroidism comprising 65 (19.75 %) cases followed by overt hypothyroidism 8 (2.43%) cases. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of thyroid disorders during pregnancy in our settings. Timely screening of pregnant women helps in the early diagnosis and management of complications related to thyroid disorders.    

scholarly journals A study to assess awareness amongst pregnant women about the effects of drugs on the fetus and self-medication

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Neeta Banzal ◽  
Kirti Saxena ◽  
Malti Dalal ◽  
S. K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the awareness of drug use in pregnancy, to assess the knowledge of pregnant women on effect of drugs on foetus and to assess the self-medication among pregnant women.Methods: This was a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study conducted on randomly selected 200 pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Surat, Gujarat, India. Data was collected by means of a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire composed of 26 questions on self-medication during pregnancy and knowledge about that. The data was collected by interview technique in which each participant was asked questions in the language of her understanding in a separate room.Results: The average age of the participants was 23.7±3.68 years. About 91% were not aware about the effect of medication on the health of foetus and did not even enquire about it.  At the time of survey, 74% pregnant women were on some kind of medication. More than 80% were not aware about the duration of medication. About 51% were taking medication on regular basis. The proportion of self-medication among pregnant women was 8.5% (includes 5.5% by themselves and 3% by advice of chemists).Conclusions: There is a lack of awareness amongst the pregnant women regarding the effect of the drugs on the health of foetus. More than half of the women take medication on regular basis. However, low proportion of self-medication during pregnancy suggests that during pregnancy women preferred to take advise of physician for medication rather than taking self-medication.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of depression during pregnancy and its risk factors among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Sabita P. ◽  
Prakash M. ◽  
Sharmila E.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antepartum Depression

Background: Depression during pregnancy is a recognized global health issue which can lead to wide range of maternal and neonatal complications to extremes like maternal suicide to infanticide. This study was done to estimate the magnitude of depression during pregnancy and its risk factors among pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was done among 220 pregnant women attending routine antenatal checkup in outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, using a systematic random sampling technique. A semi structured questionnaire using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to screen the mothers for antenatal depression.Results: 220 pregnant women were evaluated for antenatal depression. Mean age of the study participants was 25.02±3.13 years. Using PHQ-9 authors found that 19.5% pregnant women were having risk for antenatal depression, of which the mild, moderate and moderately severe levels of depression were 16.4%, 1.4% and 1.8% respectively. The risk of antenatal depression was statistically significant among the women age more than 30 years, husband’s educational status as higher secondary and below, residence in rural area, multigravida, having a male child, strained relationship, no support during pregnancy and pressure for a male child. Logistic regression analysis revealed age ≥30 years (aOR 3.03, 95% CI 1.04-8.82), and no support during pregnancy (aOR 3.30, 95% CI 1.10-9.90) were the significant factors.Conclusions: Since the risk for antepartum depression is huge in this region, there is a need for screening for antepartum depression as a routine antenatal checkup in the out patient department. Reinforcing the importance of appropriate for conception and support for the mother during pregnancy plays a vital role in reducing the magnitude of this depression.

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