Influence of colour on oviposition behaviour in green lacewing Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben - Petersen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Elango K ◽  
Jeyarajan Nelson S ◽  
Dinesh Kumar P
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Colour Preference ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Insect Predator ◽  
Orange Colour ◽  
Indigo Blue ◽  
Beneficial Insect ◽  
Chrysoperla Zastrowi Sillemi

The Green lacewing, Chrysoperla zastrowi silleni (Esben-Peterson), also known as “aphidlion” is a beneficial insect predator of various insect pests. The laboratory experiment was conducted during 2018-19 to evaluate the substrate colour preference for egg laying by C. zastrowi sillemi. Egg receiving sheets were pasted with white, black, green, indigo blue, yellow, brown, violet, sky blue, pink, red and orange colour papers. Among all colours C. z. sillemi females preferred orange colour as a substrate for egg laying with maximum number of eggs (43.13/female/day) followed by red colour substrate (25.50 eggs/female/day). White and black were least preferred.

scholarly journals Spray Penetration and Natural Enemy Survival in Dense and Sparse Plant Canopies Treated with Carbaryl: Implications for Chemical and Biological Control1

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Whitney Yeary ◽  
Amy Fulcher ◽  
Heping Zhu ◽  
William Klingeman ◽  
Jerome Grant
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lady Beetle ◽  
Hippodamia Convergens ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Spray Penetration ◽  
Middle Position ◽  
Chrysoperla Rufilabris ◽  
Beneficial Insect

Abstract Ornamental plant producers often rely on chemical control to manage insect pests. However, cultural practices, such as pruning, can influence plant architecture which may, in turn, affect pesticide penetration. Spray penetration was studied to determine the effect of canopy density on beneficial insect survival following insecticide application and to better understand the implications of canopy density on pest management. Regardless of canopy density or plant species, the interior position of the canopy received less than 8% spray coverage. The middle position of sparse canopies received 288 to 513% more coverage than the middle position of dense canopies. The middle and interior position of dense canopies protected greater than 50% of the convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville) population while only the interior position of dense canopies protected greater than 50% of green lacewing (Chrysoperla rufilabris Burmeister) populations. Index words: beneficial insect, nursery crop, pesticide, plant architecture, woody ornamental. Species used in this study: China Girl® holly (Ilex ×meserveae ‘Mesog'); ‘Alice' Oakleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia Bartr. ‘Alice'); convergent lady beetle [Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville)]; green lacewing [Chrysoperla rufilabris (Burmeister)]. Chemicals used in this study: carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate, Sevin® SL, Bayer CropScience, Durham, NC).

scholarly journals Notes on Insect Pests in Antigua

1913 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Ballou
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Adult Beetle ◽  
Dead Branch ◽  
The Dead

The principal object of my visit to Antigua, during December 1912, was to study an outbreak of the twig borer of limes which had been reported by the Superintendent of Agriculture from two localities in the island.At the time of my visit, owing to recent pruning, there were only occasionally infested branches to be seen, but these were in sufficient number to enable me to form a very good opinion of the nature of the attack and of the general habits of the insect.The attack on a lime branch apparently always begins on a small twig. I am not able to say whether the twig on or in which the egg is laid is dead or dying at the time of egg-laying ; but in every instance of attack observed by me, both in the field and in specimens forwarded, the twig has been found entirely eaten out, the dead interior connecting with the tunnel in the larger branch from which the twig springs. This branch is always more or less girdled by the tunnel of the grub. The girdling seems to be the first thing done by the grub after completing the destruction of the smaller twig and it results in the death of the branch beyond the point of the girdle. The tunnel does not circle the twig in such a manner as to cut it off completely, but the direction is rather in a spiral, so that as the injury to the branch becomes more and more felt, it breaks down and is usually left hanging. The entire grub and pupa stages are passed within this branch, the adult beetle only issuing from the dead branch some time after emerging from its pupal condition.

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Physical and Anatomical Characteristics on the Ovipositional Preference of Orius sauteri (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Liu Zhang ◽  
Zifang Qin ◽  
Pingping Liu ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
Gary W. Felton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Ovipositional Preference ◽  
Lobularia Maritima

Natural enemies play an important role in managing insect pests. Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), a predator of many soft-body insects, is an important biological control agent in Asia. Understanding this predator’s egg-laying preferences and a habitat needs is important for its success in pest control. We investigated the plant acceptability and ovipositional preference of O. sauteri for coriander (Coriadrum sativum L., Apiales: Apiaceae), marigold (Tagetes erecta L., Asterales: Asteraceae), sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima L., Brassicales: Brassicaceae), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., Fabales: Fabaceae), and focused on the effects of plant physical and anatomical characteristics on the ovipositional preference of O. sauteri. The results showed that O. sauteri can lay eggs on uninfested plants in the vegetative stage and their eggs hatched normally. Orius sauteri females prefer plants with high stomatal density, a large stomatal area, and fewer trichomes as oviposition hosts, and the depth of egg placement was determined by leaf thickness. Our studies suggested that O. sauteri females can select oviposition hosts and specific oviposition sites by assessing the structural qualities of plant surface. Coriander and marigold are potentially suitable host plants for O.sauteri. The results aid the selection of cover crops to enhance natural enemies in the fields.

scholarly journals ABUNDANCE OF INSECT PESTS AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES ASSOCIATED WITH BRINJAL (SOLANUM MELONGENA) CROP

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ramzan ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Muhammad Nauman ◽  
Aqsa Zainab ◽  
Ahmad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
Praying Mantis ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Leaf Roller ◽  
Fruit Borer

An experimental study was conducted to check the abundance of insect pests and biological fauna in brinjal crop (Solanum melongena L.) during 2018. One acre of brinjal was cultivated for this purpose and data was recorded on weekly basis from ten tagged plant. In this study, biological fauna such as hover fly, honey bee, butterfly, green lacewing, praying mantis and ladybird beetle were recorded. The insect pests such as brinjal fruit borer, leafhopper, whitefly, leaf roller, thrips, stem borer, aphid and mealybug were recorded during the present study.

scholarly journals Bracon wasps for ecological pest control–a laboratory experiment

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11540
Author(s):  
Jessica Lettmann ◽  
Karsten Mody ◽  
Tore-Aliocha Kursch-Metz ◽  
Nico Blüthgen ◽  
Katja Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Host Larva ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Single Host

Biological control of pest insects by natural enemies may be an effective, cheap and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. The cosmopolitan parasitoid wasp species Bracon brevicornis Wesmael and B. hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) use lepidopteran species as hosts, including insect pests like Ephestia kuehniella or Ostrinia nubilalis. Here, we compare the reproductive success of both Bracon species on E. kuehniella in a laboratory experiment. We asked (1) how the reproductive success on a single host larva changes with temperature, (2) how it changes with temperature when more host larvae are present and (3) how temperature and availability of host larvae influence the efficacy of Bracon species as biological control agents. In general, differences between B. brevicornis and B. hebetor have been small. For rearing both Bracon species in the laboratory on one host larva, a temperature between 20–27 °C seems appropriate to obtain the highest number of offspring with a female-biased sex ratio. Rearing the braconid wasps on more than one host larva revealed a higher number of total offspring but less offspring per host larva on average. Again, highest numbers of offspring hatched at 27 °C and the sex ratio was independent from temperature. Although no parasitoids hatched at 12 °C and only few at 36 °C, host larvae were still paralyzed. The efficacy of B. brevicornis was higher than 80% at all numbers of host larvae presented at all temperatures while the efficacy of B. hebetor was less than 80% at 12 °C and 27 °C at low numbers of host larvae presented. In conclusion, practitioners can use either B. brevicornis or B. hebetor at low and high temperatures and at varying host densities to achieve high pest control efficacy.

scholarly journals Keefektifan tiga jenis perangkap serangga untuk deteksi serangga hama gudang yang menyerang bungkil kopra

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Diana Budiman ◽  
Dadang Dadang ◽  
Idham Sakti Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Copra Meal ◽  
Uv Led ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Storage Facilities

<p>Stored product insect can cause consumer rejection and economic loss due to quality concerns and  phytosanitary regulation. Insect traps have been regularly used as a control method, however its effectiveness on controlling stored copra meal insect pests is not yet known.This study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of three types of insect traps for detection of insect pests of copra meal.The three types of insect traps were pitfall trap, probe trap, and ultraviolet (UV) light trap (blacklight and LED-light emiting diodes). Research was conducted at Laboratory of Entomology SEAMEO BIOTROP, Bogor and two storage facilities of copra meal in North Sulawesi. Laboratory experiment was conducted using completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor was the types of insect traps (pitfall trap, probe trap, and probe trap with UV LED) and the second factor was insect species (<em>Lasioderma serricorne</em> (Herbst) and <em>Tribolium castaneum </em>(Fabricius)). The experiment at storage facilities was conducted with nested block design where the insect species trapped were nested in the insect traps. The result of laboratory experiment showed that the probe trap captured more insects (30.4%) significantly higher than pitfall trap (17.1%), however there was no significant difference of number of insects trapped in probe trap with and without UV LED. In addition the probe trap captured more <em>T. castaneum</em> and <em>Tenebroides mauritanicus</em> than other type of insects trap, but probe trap with UV LED was more effective to detect <em>L. serricorne</em> and <em>Necrobia rufipes</em> (Fabricius) in the stored copra meal.</p>

scholarly journals Protective Border Plantings

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 671a-671
Author(s):  
Wayne L. Schrader ◽  
Karen L. Robb ◽  
Valerie J. Mellano
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Field Worker ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Beneficial Insect ◽  
Surrounding Landscape

The viability of urban interface agriculture (located near housing tracts, shopping centers, roadways, schools, and parks) depends on the ability of growers to allow their neighbors to enjoy the full benefits of their property. Growers must eliminate or minimize the noise, dust, flies, spray drift, odors, and field worker improprieties that can be associated with agricultural enterprises. An excellent way to minimize “ag/urban interface” problems is to grow a protective border planting between housing and agricultural production fields. Border plantings increase the aesthetic value of agricultural open spaces and screen out unwanted agricultural activities for those living adjacent to production areas. An ideal protective barrier planting consists of plants that 1) grow quickly and are easy to maintain; 2) provide a good physical barrier to dust, spray, and noise; 3) are inexpensive and aesthetically pleasing; 4) do not harbor insect pests that would damage crops or surrounding landscape plantings; and 5) support beneficial insects that prey on crop insect pests. Border planting sites were developed to identify plants that are adapted to border planting use and to gather information on insect populations that are supported by those plantings. Early results indicate that native plants including coyote bush, wild lilac, buckwheat, coffeeberry, yarrow, deer grass, and purple-needle grass can provide the desired physical barrier and beneficial insect support. Bio-diversity is the key to increasing populations of beneficial insects and several different native plant species have, therefore, been incorporated into the border plantings. Beneficial insect populations have been increased with appropriate border plantings.

scholarly journals RNAi-Mediated Knockdown of Tssk1 and Tektin1 Genes Impair Male Fertility in Bactrocera dorsalis

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Summar Sohail ◽  
Kaleem Tariq ◽  
Weiwei Zheng ◽  
Muhammad Waqar Ali ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Mature Adult

The genetic-based sterile insect technique (SIT) is an effective and environmentally safe strategy to diminish populations of agricultural and horticultural insect pests. Functional characterization of genes related to male fertility can enhance the genetic-based SIT. Tssk1 has been involved to control male fertility in both mammals and insects. Moreover, Tektin1 has also been revealed to influence male fertility in both human and mammals. These findings suggested that Tssk1 and Tektin1 identified from Bactrocera dorsalis could be required for male fertility in B. dorsalis. In this study, expression profiles of these two genes were studied at different developmental stages and in various tissues of adult males. Remarkably, it was found that Tssk1 and Tektin1 were highly expressed in the testis of mature adult males of B. dorsalis. Furthermore, Tssk1 and Tektin1 genes were downregulated by using the RNA interference (RNAi) method. Fertility assays including egg laying, hatching, and spermatozoa count were also performed to investigate male fertility of B. dorsalis. Results showed that knockdown of Tssk1 and Tektin1 caused male sterility up to 58.99% and 64.49%, respectively. As expected, the total numbers of spermatozoa were also significantly reduced by 65.83% and 73.9%, respectively. These results suggested that male sterility was happened wing to the low number of spermatozoa. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Tssk1 and Tektin1 are the novel agents that could be used to enhance the genetic-based SIT, or their double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can be used as biopesticides to control the population of B. dorsalis.

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