scholarly journals Agronomic performance and chemical composition of silage from corn hybrids grown in southern Rondonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e320101220572
Author(s):  
Érica de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Lizianne de Matos Emerick ◽  
José Vanor Felini Catânio ◽  
Diogo de Souza Freitas ◽  
Aline Ottes Moreira ◽  
...  

Corn is a widely used crop for silage. However, due to the changes introduced in recent genotypes, regional information related to the agronomic production behavior and the chemical composition of the silage produced becomes necessary for the appropriate technological development destined to agricultural and animal production in the Amazon region. With this premise, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn hybrids cultivated for silage production and the chemical composition of the ensiled material. The experiment was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, under field conditions, in the experimental area of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia, Colorado do Oeste Campus, in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized, composed of six corn hybrids (GNZ7210 VTPRO2, AG8480 VTPRO3, BM3073 VTPRO3, BM270 VTPRO2, BM3066 VTPRO3 and BM3077 VTPRO3) and five replicates, cultivated at spacing of 0.80m between rows and 0.20m between plants. There was variation in the agronomic performance of the commercial corn hybrids for the southern region of Rondônia. The silages produced from the six corn hybrids showed bromatological and chemical characteristics that characterize them as silages of very good quality, despite showing significant differences in the percentages of DM, MM, CP, N-NH3/TN, NDF and ADF. The hybrid BM3073 PRO3 stood out for fresh matter yield, shoot N content and quality of the silage produced, which may result in the reduction of silage production costs.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
PAULO GLEISSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA ◽  
THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA ◽  
CLAYTON MOURA DE CARVALHO ◽  
JOSÉ DE PAULA FIRMIANO DE SOUSA ◽  
KILMER COELHO CAMPOS ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production costs and profitability indexes of sorghum crop for silage production under different irrigation depths. The work was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE) – Umirim Campus, from September to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in 5 x 5 split plots with 5 replications. Irrigations were performed on a daily basis, and the applied depths were calculated based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The primary treatments were 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of ETc, associated with different levels of carnauba bagana mulch (0.00, 2.50, 3.75, 5.00, and 6.25 cm). Effective Operating Cost (EOC), Total Operating Cost (TOC), Gross Revenue (GR), Operating Profit (OP), Profitability Index (PI) and Break-Even Price (BEP) were estimated. According to the indicators analyzed, it was found that this is a promising crop within the different agricultural production schools, with favorable rates for the producer. The variety evaluated presents high resistance as to the water limitation factor, showing positive indicators such as break-even point below the average prices practiced in the region.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
PAULO GLEISSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA ◽  
THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA ◽  
CLAYTON MOURA DE CARVALHO ◽  
JOSÉ DE PAULA FIRMIANO DE SOUSA ◽  
KILMER COELHO CAMPOS ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production costs and profitability indexes of sorghum crop for silage production under different irrigation depths. The work was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE) – Umirim Campus, from September to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in 5 x 5 split plots with 5 replications. Irrigations were performed on a daily basis, and the applied depths were calculated based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The primary treatments were 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of ETc, associated with different levels of carnauba bagana mulch (0.00, 2.50, 3.75, 5.00, and 6.25 cm). Effective Operating Cost (EOC), Total Operating Cost (TOC), Gross Revenue (GR), Operating Profit (OP), Profitability Index (PI) and Break-Even Price (BEP) were estimated. According to the indicators analyzed, it was found that this is a promising crop within the different agricultural production schools, with favorable rates for the producer. The variety evaluated presents high resistance as to the water limitation factor, showing positive indicators such as break-even point below the average prices practiced in the region.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
PAULO GLEISSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA ◽  
THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA ◽  
CLAYTON MOURA DE CARVALHO ◽  
JOSÉ DE PAULA FIRMIANO DE SOUSA ◽  
KILMER COELHO CAMPOS ◽  
...  

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production costs and profitability indexes of sorghum crop for silage production under different irrigation depths. The work was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE) – Umirim Campus, from September to December 2016. The treatments were arranged in 5 x 5 split plots with 5 replications. Irrigations were performed on a daily basis, and the applied depths were calculated based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The primary treatments were 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of ETc, associated with different levels of carnauba bagana mulch (0.00, 2.50, 3.75, 5.00, and 6.25 cm). Effective Operating Cost (EOC), Total Operating Cost (TOC), Gross Revenue (GR), Operating Profit (OP), Profitability Index (PI) and Break-Even Price (BEP) were estimated. According to the indicators analyzed, it was found that this is a promising crop within the different agricultural production schools, with favorable rates for the producer. The variety evaluated presents high resistance as to the water limitation factor, showing positive indicators such as break-even point below the average prices practiced in the region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
Juliana Schuch PITIRINI ◽  
Rosana Ingrid Ribeiro dos SANTOS ◽  
Francy Manoely da Silva LIMA ◽  
Ilano Silva Braga do NASCIMENTO ◽  
Jehmison de Oliveira BARRADAS ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The use of cassava root silage for animal feeding is a suitable option for farmers who grow cassava as an alternative product and for cattle ranchers who have to deal with high prices of corn. Our objective was to determine the effects of cassava genotypes and the correction of soil acidity on the microbial population, fermentation characteristics, chemical composition, aerobic stability and losses of cassava root silage. We used a 2 × 3 factorial design in completely randomized blocks, with four replications. We evaluated two cassava genotypes (Caeté and Manteiguinha) and three methods of soil acidity correction (lime, gypsum, and lime+gypsum). The roots were harvested 11 months after planting, ensiled in PVC silos, and stored for 45 days. No interaction was observed between genotypes and soil acidity correction for any of the evaluated parameters. The silage of Caeté genotype showed the highest concentration of dry matter (421 g kg-1 fresh matter) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (893 g kg-1 dry matter), and the lowest concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (37.1 g kg-1 dry matter) . No significant differences were observed among treatments for lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mold counts in silages. Both genotypes resulted in silages with an adequate fermentation profile and considerably high aerobic stability, but with high effluent loss. The Caeté genotype showed to be potentially better for silage production due to its higher dry matter recovery. Due to the high level of effluent loss, it is recommended to test the effect of a moisture-absorbing additive during the ensiling process of these cassava roots.


2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Jorgeana Francis Alvim ◽  
Oswaldo Lopes Sobrinho ◽  
Erika Kássia Cantanhede ◽  
Alvaro Itaúna Pereira ◽  
Valdelânia Silva ◽  
...  

An ideal spacing between plants should be established for the optimization of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) crops since the plant spatial distribution of plants affects the crop yield.  This study was conducted aiming to evaluate the agronomic performance of radish cultivars grown under different spacings. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Maranhão, in Codó, MA, Brazil, from June to July 2017. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications, using a 2×2 factorial arrangement. The factors consisted of 2 cultivars (Sparkler Ponta Branca and Saxa) and 2 spacings between plants (5 and 8cm), totaling 20 experimental plots. Data were collected in  6  plants from each experimental plot. The agronomic parameters: total fresh weight (TFW), root fresh weight (RFW), root mean diameter (RMD), root means length (RML), and root yield (RY) of the radish plants were evaluated. The factors (cultivars and spacing between plants) had no significant effect on TFW, RFW, RML, and RMD. The spacing between plants has a significant effect on the yield of radish crops of the cultivar Saxa, and higher yields are found when using the spacing of 5cm.


Author(s):  
Laís Gertrudes Fontana Silva ◽  
Jairo Câmara de Souza ◽  
Robson Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Evandro Chaves de Oliveira ◽  
Marta Cristina Teixeira Leite ◽  
...  

Background: The chrysanthemum is one of the main flowers cultivated in the world, comprises the main merchandise of all floriculture. The difficulty in expanding the crop is related to the lack of technical information about its cultivation, mainly on the nutritional needs. Aims: Evaluate the influence of potassium doses on the development of cutting chrysanthemum plants. Place and Duration of Study: Horticulture Sector of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo - Campus Itapina, between May 2017 and August 2017. Methodology: The experimental design was DIC (completely randomized design) with four treatments and twenty four replications considered useful plants within each plot. The treatments consisted of three diferent doses of potassium fertilization and one control: 0 kg.ha-1 of K2O (without any application of potassium); 60 kg.ha-1 of K2O (fertilizer used by producers in the region); 120 kg.ha-1 of K2O (recommended according to the amount of potassium in the soil analysis) and 240 kg.ha-1 of K2O (double the dose recommended by the soil analysis), being used as source potassium chloride. Results: The height of the plant presented an increasing linear, the results show that the dose of 240 kg.ha-1 of K2O was adequate in order to supply potassium in the ideal amount for the growth of chrysanthemum plants. When the diameter of the stem was evaluated, a quadratic model was generated with a maximum of 7.05 mm diameter of the stem when applied 179 kg.ha-1 of K2O. An increase in the number of leaves per plant was observed, from 27 at 0 kg.ha-1 dose of K2O to 51.75 at 240 kg.ha-1 dose of K2O. When estimating the ideal dose with the equation Ŷ = 277.7146 + 4.1805*x -0.0136*x², the dose of 153.69 kg.ha-1 of K2O provided the largest leaf area, reaching the value of 598.97 cm². The SPAD (Chlorophyll content) the linear model better explained the data with coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.79. The highest volume of fresh matter found was 81.56 grams with the dose of 203.22 kg.ha-1 of K2O. Through the adjusted model was verified that the dose that maximized the dry matter of the plant with 16.17 grams, was the dose of 161.66 kg.ha-1 of K2O. Conclusion: Doses between 150 and 240 kg.ha-1 of K2O provided positive results for the development of the plant, while doses under 150 kg.ha-1 presented unsatisfactory results.


Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo ◽  
...  

Teff is an important crop for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Improved crop management practices are needed to increase teff productivity and decrease production costs. Here, we used a split–split plot design to evaluate the impacts of different tillage, sowing, and soil compaction practices, and their combinations, on agronomic performance, weed population, lodging, and cost in teff production at the Aba Gerima watershed in northwestern Ethiopia in 2018–2020. Reduced tillage (RT) improved soil moisture, resulting in increased agronomic performance and decreased production costs compared with conventional tillage (CT); however, the weed population was substantially larger with RT than with CT. Row planting (RP) reduced seed cost and lodging but increased sowing and weeding costs compared with broadcast planting (BP). Plant population and leaf area index were substantially greater with BP than with RP during early-stage growth, but this reversed during late-stage growth. Despite labor costs being significantly greater with (WC) compaction than without (NC), little to no differences were observed in the weed population or in agronomic performance. Partial cost–benefit analysis revealed that RT–RP–WC followed by RT–RP–NC was the most economical treatment combination, suggesting that RT–RP–NC could be a labor-effective means of increasing teff production by smallholder farms in Ethiopia.


2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1018-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Ibrahim Berchin ◽  
Vanessa dos Santos Grando ◽  
Gabriela Almeida Marcon ◽  
Louise Corseuil ◽  
José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra

Purpose This paper aims to analyze strategies that promote sustainability in higher education institutions (HEIs), focusing on the case study of a federal institute of higher education in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The research was based on a scientific literature review on sustainability in HEIs, to identify the recurrent actions for sustainability in these institutions; and a case study of a federal institute of higher education in Brazil, to illustrate how these actions are being implemented by HEIs. Findings Concerns about sustainability, prompted by the Brazilian federal legislature, led federal HEI to change its internal processes, infrastructure and organizational culture toward sustainability. Practical implications The findings presented in this study, more specifically the sustainability plan of the Federal Institute for Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina, aligned with the recommendations proposed, can be used and replicated in other HEIs. Originality/value Scientific literature about organizational changes led by sustainability concerns, in HEIs specifically, still needs more attention in the academia. By addressing the case of a Brazilian public institution of higher education, this paper contributes to the literature on sustainability in higher education by reporting the process of implementation of a sustainability plan.


Author(s):  
Luana Ribeiro da Trindade ◽  
Ana Carolina Costa dos Anjos

Resumo Este artigo discute a gramática de relações raciais e os racismos a partir do caso de um professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia São Paulo (IFSP) que fez um post em seu perfil do Facebook, o qual foi denunciado por alguns segmentos sociais como racista. Metodologicamente, empreendemos um estudo de caso que foi operacionalizado a partir da averiguação e análise do que foi dito pelo professor, como também as notas emitidas pela instituição, coletivos e movimentos negros, matérias jornalísticas sobre o caso e entrevista com estudantes. Inferimos que a gramática das relações sociais com foco racial está passando por mudanças de representação, por isso, há “choque” entre os sentidos visados (coordenações formais) entre os atores. Analisamos, sob uma perspectiva weberiana, as relações sociais que se estabeleceram e entendemos que as mesmas são balizadas por probabilidades de ações dentro de um sentido visado pelos atores. Assim, olhamos as ações discursivas dos agentes que proferiram e se justificaram ao perceber a gramática das relações raciais. Para tanto, realizamos uma descrição analítica do caso construindo um aporte teórico, significando e conceituando categorias-chave, como democracia racial. Palavras-chave: Relações Raciais; Racismos; Estudo de caso. Abstract This article sought to discuss the grammar of race relations and racism from the case of a professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Sao Paulo (IFSP) who posted on his Facebook profile and was denounced as racist by some social segment. Methodologically, we elaborated a case study that analyses what was said by the professor, as well as the notes released by the institution, collectives, and black movements, newspaper articles about the case, and interviews with students. We infer that the grammar of social relations with a racial focus is provoking changes in representation, so there is a “shock” between the senses targeted between the actors. We analyze, through a Weberian perspective, the social relations that are established and we understand that they are marked by probabilities of actions within a targeted sense (formal coordination) by the actors. Thus, we look at the discursive performances of the agents who uttered and justified themselves by understanding the grammar of racial relations. For this purpose, we carried out an analytical description of the case by constructing a theoretical contribution, meaning, and conceptualizing key categories such as racial democracy. Keywords: Social Relationships; Racisms; Targeted sense. Resumen Este artículo busca discutir la gramática de las relaciones raciales y el racismo a partir del caso de un profesor del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de São Paulo (IFSP) que hizo una publicación en su perfil de Facebook y fue denunciado por algunos sectores sociales como racista. Metodológicamente realizamos un estudio de caso que se operacionalizó a partir de la captura y el análisis de lo que dijo el docente, así como las notas emitidas por la institución, los colectivos y movimientos negros, los artículos periodísticos sobre el caso y las entrevistas con los estudiantes. Inferimos que la gramática de las relaciones sociales con un enfoque racial está experimentando cambios en la representación, por ello se da un "choque" entre los sentidos mentados por los actores. Analizamos, desde una perspectiva weberiana, las relaciones sociales que se establecen y entendemos que están guiadas por las probabilidades de acciones dentro de un sentido específico (coordinación formal) por parte de los actores. En concordancia, observamos las actuaciones discursivas de los agentes que se pronunciaron y se justificaron al percibir la gramática de las relaciones raciales. Por ello, realizamos una descripción analítica del caso, construyendo una contribución teórica, significando y conceptualizando categorías clave como democracia racial. Palabras clave: Relaciones raciales; Racismos; Direcciones de destino.


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