scholarly journals Digital image filters are not necessarily related to improvement in diagnostic of degenerative bone changes in the temporomandibular joint on cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e44010414296
Author(s):  
Lauhélia Mauriz Marques ◽  
André Luiz Ferreira Costa ◽  
Fernando Martins Baeder ◽  
Paola Fernanda Leal Corazza ◽  
Daniel Furtado Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Sclerosis ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Image Filters

This study assessed whether the use of digital image filters influences the detection of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bone changes on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Two radiologists evaluated the TMJ images of CBCT scans to verify the presence of osteophytes, erosions, pseudocysts, bone sclerosis and flattening, using the software XoranCAT®; each image of the TMJ was assessed with and without the use of the following filters: Angio Sharpen 3x3 and Angio Sharpen 5x5. Kruskal-Wallis’ test was used to assess whether the application of filters influenced the scores assigned to the degenerative bone changes in the condyle. Flattening was present in 15 cases (51.72%), followed by osteophytes in six cases (20.69%), sclerosis in three cases (10.34%), and erosion in three cases (10.34%), with pseudocyst found in two cases (6.90%). No statistically significant difference was found in the scores (P = 0.786) regarding the original images and those treated with both filters. Digital image filters used in our study did not influence the diagnosis of degenerative bone changes in the TMJ on CBCT images.

scholarly journals Temporomandibular Joint Osseous Morphology of Class I and Class II Malocclusions in the Normal Skeletal Pattern: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 541
Author(s):  
Xiao-Chuan Fan ◽  
Lin-Sha Ma ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Diwakar Singh ◽  
Xiaohui Rausch-Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Glenoid Fossa ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Skeletal Pattern

(1) Background—The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osseous morphology of normal skeletal pattern individuals with different dental malocclusions by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). (2) Methods—The CBCT images of bilateral TMJs in 67 subjects with skeletal class I and average mandibular angle (26 males and 41 females, age range 20–49 years) were evaluated in this study. The subjects were divided into class I, class II division 1, and class II division 2 according to the molar relationship and retroclination of the maxillary incisors. Angular and linear measurements of TMJ were evaluated and the differences between the groups were statistically analyzed. (3) Results—Intragroup comparisons showed statistical differences for articular eminence inclination, the width of the glenoid fossa, the ratio of the width of the glenoid fossa to the depth of the glenoid fossa, the condylar angle, and the intercondylar angle between the malocclusion groups. The measurements of the glenoid fossa shape showed no significant difference between the left and right sides. Females showed more differences in the morphological parameters of TMJ between the three malocclusion groups than the males. (4) Conclusion—The present study revealed differences in the TMJ osseous morphology between dental class I and class II malocclusions in the normal skeletal pattern.

Is there an association between rheumatoid arthritis and bone changes in the temporomandibular joint diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 2449-2459
Author(s):  
Débora e Silva Campos ◽  
Isis de Araújo Ferreira Muniz ◽  
Natália Lins de Souza Villarim ◽  
Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro ◽  
André Ulisses Dantas Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Changes

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Yield of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Degenerative Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Marie McKay ◽  
Natalia Vapniarsky ◽  
David Hatcher ◽  
Nicole Carr ◽  
Shuai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Bone Sclerosis ◽  
Histopathologic Changes

Degenerative changes of the temporomandibular joint (DTMJ) may be diagnosed via cone - beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, despite advancement in CBCT imaging, correlation of DTMJ features identified on CBCT with gross and histological findings is currently limited. This study aimed to correlate CBCT findings of DTMJ of dogs with gross and histopathologic changes. Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) (n = 38) from fresh cadaver heads of asymptomatic dogs (n = 19) were examined radiologically, macroscopically, and microscopically. Association of CBCT - detected DTMJ changes with gross and histological findings were statistically evaluated via kappa statistics and ordinal logistic mixed-effects models. The radiological changes observed on CBCT included joint space narrowing, subchondral/cortical bone changes (i.e., erosions or lysis), osteophytes, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Upon macroscopic evaluation, the majority of examined specimens had mild changes with cartilage defects and osteophytes affecting <10% of the total articular surface area. Histopathologic changes comprised splitting and degeneration of the fibrous cartilage layers, subchondral bone exposure, subchondral bone sclerosis, focal subchondral bone lysis, and occasional cell death. Subchondral sclerosis was the most prevalent finding radiologically and histologically with a fair to excellent agreement. Importantly, the more severe the TMJ degenerative changes, the higher the agreement between CBCT and histology. Based on the correlative results of statistical analysis, CBCT was found to be a suitable modality to evaluate DTMJ.

scholarly journals Evaluation of temporomandibular joint disorders using cone beam computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Sonam Kohli ◽  
Rahul Krishan Sharma ◽  
Anchal Goel ◽  
M. K. Sunil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Glenoid Fossa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mandibular Fossa ◽  
Osseous Changes

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of segmental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting bony changes in condyle and thickness of roof of glenoid fossa in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study group comprised of 10 temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients of either sex between the age group of 20-60 years diagnosed as TMDs by clinical evaluation using the research diagnostic criteria was considered. After the clinical examination, radiographic investigations were carried out which included digital OPG, transcranial radiograph and CBCT scan. TMJ Evaluation included: (a) bony changes of the condyle (flattening, erosion, sclerosis, osteophytes, resorption); (b) joint space (normal, increased, reduced, bony contact between the condyle and the mandibular fossa); and (c) bony changes of mandibular fossa (normal, sclerosis, erosion, resorption). The radiographic findings were statistically analysed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Significant difference between OPG, transcranial and CBCT were found for the presence of erosion (P =0.000), thickness of roof of glenoid fossa (P =0.000), deformed contour (P =0.001), joint space (P =0.011), subchondral sclerosis (P =0.011), irregularity of articular surface and eminence (P =0.000), flattening (P =0.050). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Using CBCT as imaging technique in our study to detect osseous changes in the TMJ was proved to be effective as compared to the conventional radiographic techniques, the results achieved with CBCT was 100%.The results obtained in our study prove to be a full proof one and it seems to promise to go one step closer to detect progression and severity of the osseous changes in the condylar head and mandibular fossa in patients with TMDs<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals Incidental Findings in Temporomandibular Joint Region Detected by Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Mehdizadeh ◽  
Zahra Rezaei ◽  
Farida Ghazanfari Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Soft Tissue Calcification ◽  
Articular Eminence ◽  
Tissue Calcification ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Incidental Findings (IFs) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region detected in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of maxilla and mandible. Materials and Methods: In this study, 384 CBCT scans were reviewed for IFs of the TMJ region. Demographic data including age and sex were recorded. The scans were evaluated in multiplanar views: corrected sagittal, corrected coronal and axial sections. IFs in TMJ region were categorized into eight groups: osteoarthritis, flattening and erosion of condyle and articular eminence, osteophytes, subchondral pseudocyst, condyle hyperplasia, condyle hypoplasia, bifid condyle, and soft tissue calcification. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistic v.22. Results: From the CBCT scans, a total of 81 (21.1%) IFs were identified. 184 of the subjects (47.9%) were male and 200 (52.1%) were females. Their age ranged from 10 to 75 years old with a mean of 36.8 and a standard deviation of 13.9 years. The most frequent IFs were flattening and erosion of condyle and articular eminence (40.74%), followed by soft tissue calcification (30.86%). Osteoarthritis was not observed in any of the subjects. There was no significant difference between females and males in IFs of TMJ joint and its related structures. Flattening and erosion of condyle and articular eminence, soft tissue calcification, osteophytes and, subchondral pseudo cyst showed significant differences between individuals of different age ranges. Conclusion: While examining CBCT images, it is critical to check for evidence of IFs in the TMJ region. The findings of this study emphasize the value of a thorough examination of all areas visualized on CBCT scans even those beyond the region of interest.

scholarly journals New Method for Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joint Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3070
Author(s):  
Sebastian Iwaszenko ◽  
Jakub Munk ◽  
Stefan Baron ◽  
Adam Smoliński
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Section Plane ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Volume Of Interest ◽  
Gap Width

Modern dentistry commonly uses a variety of imaging methods to support diagnosis and treatment. Among them, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is particularly useful in presenting head structures, such as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The determination of the morphology of the joint is an important part of the diagnosis as well as the monitoring of the treatment results. It can be accomplished by measurement of the TMJ gap width at three selected places, taken at a specific cross-section. This study presents a new approach to these measurements. First, the CBCT images are denoised using curvilinear methods, and the volume of interest is determined. Then, the orientation of the vertical cross-section plane is computed based on segmented axial sections of the TMJ head. Finally, the cross-section plane is used to determine the standardized locations, at which the width of the gap between condyle and fossa is measured. The elaborated method was tested on selected TMJ CBCT scans with satisfactory results. The proposed solution lays the basis for the development of an autonomous method of TMJ index identification.

scholarly journals Knowledge Level of Iranian Dental Practitioners Towards Digital Radiography And Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Salemi ◽  
Abbas Shokri ◽  
Maryam Foroozandeh ◽  
Maryam Farhadian ◽  
Ayoub Yeganeh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of Iranian dental practitioners about digital radiography(DR) andcone-beamcomputedtomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: In this crosssectional study, a researcher-designed questionnaire was administered among 180 general dentists and specialists. The questionnaire had three main domains of demographic information, fifteen questions about knowledge of DR (advantages, disadvantages, physical properties) and twenty six questions about knowledge of CBCT (indications, applications, advantages, route of knowledge acquisition). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Of 180 participants, 76 (42.2%) were females. The minimum, maximum and mean± standard deviation scores obtained in DR were 4, 14, and 9.031 ± 1.85 and in CBCT were 0,26 and 18.56 ± 4.81, respectively. In the CBCT domain, the participants had maximum knowledge about “low radiation dose” (72.8%) and minimum knowledge about the “role of CBCT in determination of bone density” (45%). In DR domain, the participants had maximum knowledge about “no need for radiographic films” (75.6%) and minimum knowledge about “not requiring manual processing” (15.6%). Overall, participants had higher level of knowledge about CBCT than DR. An inverse correlation was noted between age and work experience with the number of correct answers. However, no significant difference was noted in the knowledge level of males and females regarding CBCT or DR (p = 0.233 and p = 0.227, respectively). Conclusions: further education seem imperative for dentists in this respect for more efficient diagnosis and treatment planning, minimize patient radiation dose and save time and cost.   Keywords Digital radiography; Cone-Beam computed tomography; Knowledge; Dentists.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Hounsfield Unit Values Obtained From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Images for Different Bone Densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Khavid ◽  
Mojgan Sametzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Godiny ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Moarrefpour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and objective: In recent years, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a key diagnostic tool in dentistry. CBCT can provide 3D images of the maxillofacial area to help dental practitioners in diagnosis and treatment, especially implant placement and treatment of pathogenic lesions. This study aimed to compare the Hounsfield Unit (HU) values obtained from CBCT images for bones of different densities with the corresponding HU values from MDCT images. Materials and methods: cube-shaped bone blocks of identical size were cut from the middle section of the cow ribs and femur area such that they had a layer of cortical bone in their buccal, lingual, and top surfaces and trabecular bone in the middle. MDCT scans were performed using a Somatom Sensation Ct Scanner. After determining HU from the results of these scans, nine suitable specimens from different ranges of HU were chosen for comparison. HU of the CBCT images was computed by the dedicated software of the CBCT machine. Finally, HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT were compared. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 at the 0.05 significance level. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean HU from MDCT images and the mean HU from CBCT images (P<0.05). For similar specimens, CBCT produced higher mean HU values than MDCT. The Pearson correlation test detected a significant direct relationship between the HU values of specimens in MDCT and CBCT (P<0.05). Conclusion: For the tools and software used in this study, there was no significant difference between the HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT, but the mean HU obtained from CBCT was higher than that from MDCT.

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