Preemptive effect of amantadine as adjuvant in postoperative analgesia of ovaryhisterectomy in dogs

This study aimed to evaluate the preemptive analgesic effect of amantadine on postoperative pain control in female dogs that underwent ovariohysterectomy. Twenty female dog were randomly assigned to two groups of ten. The control group (CONTROL) received oral placebo capsules, while the amantadine (AMANT) group received 5 mg/kg of oral amantadine one hour before sedation. All the animals were premedicated with 3 mg/kg (IM) meperidine, induced with propofol and maintained with isofluorane. The transanesthetic physiological parameters were recorded, and postoperative pain was evaluated every hour after extubation for six hours with the Dynamic Interactive Visual Analog Scale (DIVAS) and mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) and when the necessary analgesic rescue was administered (morphine, 0.2 mg/kg (IM)). During the surgical procedure, there was no significant difference in the variables measured between the two groups. Regarding postoperative pain assessment, there was a significant difference in the DIVAS score (p = 0.004) between the groups, in which AMANT required fewer rescues than did CONTROL (p = 0.03). The MNT was significantly higher in AMANT than in CONTROL (p = 0.03). The results suggested that the preoperative administration of amantadine decreased analgesic requirement in female dogs that underwent elective ovariohysterectomy.

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THE EFFECT OF 10 % LIDOCAINE SPRAYED TO NASAL PACKS ON PAIN AFTER ELECTIVE SEPTOPLASTY.

Indian Journal of Medical Research and Pharmaceutical Sciences - September-2020 ◽

10.29121/ijmrps.v7.i8.2020.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 14-17

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Nasal Packing ◽

Control Group ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Patients ◽

Rescue Drug

Aim To study analgesic effect of lidocaine10 % sprayed to 10 cm х 10 cm gauze swabs with neomycin and bacitracin ointment nasal packing using visual analog scale (VAS) in postoperative period for patients underwent septoplasty operation. Materials and methods 100 patients aged between 17 and 50 years and divided into two equal groups. Group L lidocaine 10% was sprayed to gauze swabs with neomycin and bacitracin ointment nasal packing and group S control group 0.9% NaCl applied to same nasal packing. Postoperatively, VAS scale, side effects and analgesic requirements were recorded. Results There were no differences between the number of female and male patients. Postoperative pain was less in group L than group S, there was a statistically significant difference between L group and S group (p <0.05). The patient in the S group needs more rescue drug. L group had significantly better pain score versus S group at all intervals (2, 6, 12, 18, and 24) postoperative period. Conclusion Lidocaine 10% sprayed to 10 cm х 10 cm gauze swabs with neomycin and bacitracin ointment nasal pack provide better analgesic effect and reduced needs to analgesic requirement after septoplasty surgery.

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Efficacy of the Morphine-Adcon-L Compound in the Management of Postoperative Pain after Lumbar Microdiscectomy

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1097/00006123-200203000-00017 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 518-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luciano Mastronardi ◽

Marco Pappagallo ◽

Fabrizio Puzzilli ◽

Carlo Tatta

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Pain Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Postoperative Pain Control ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Work Time ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Lumbar Microdiscectomy ◽

Straight Leg Raising

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Epidural analgesia is a pharmacological technique for operative and postoperative pain control. It has been used with lumbar microdiscectomy to facilitate management of surgical pain, shorten patient recovery time, and increase patient satisfaction with the procedure and the hospital stay. Adcon-L (Gliatech, Inc., Cleveland, OH) (adhesion control in a barrier gel) has been demonstrated to act as a barrier to the development of epidural fibrosis after lumbar procedures, minimizing the formation of fibrotic scar and improving the long-term outcome. In this study, we used Adcon-L as a vehicle to administer 1 mg of morphine epidurally to patients who underwent lumbar microdiscectomy. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and analgesic efficacy of this compound . METHODS: A randomized, controlled, double-blind study was conducted in 100 patients. Patients were randomized to two groups: the morphine-Adcon-L (M-ADL) group (n = 51 patients) or the Adcon-L control group (n = 49 patients). Outcome measures included: 1) a visual analog scale to assess the intensity of spontaneous low back and radicular pain, 2) a straight leg-raising maneuver to assess the degree of leg elevation in relation to evoked sciatic pain, 3) postoperative time to comfortable walking, 4) duration of postoperative hospitalization, 5) required amount of postoperative analgesics, and 6) postoperative work time loss. RESULTS: No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. No clinically relevant adverse events, such as urinary retention, respiratory disturbances, or wound infections were reported in the M-ADL group. At the time of hospital discharge, results were as follows: 1) the M-ADL group had significantly lower pain intensity scores (mean value of postoperative visual analog scale, 12.3 mm ± 0.9 in the M-ADL group versus 24.7 mm ± 11.5 in the control group [P < 0.0001]); 2) the M-ADL group consumed significantly less analgesics: 57.4% of M-ADL patients versus 95.9% of controls received analgesics in the hospital, and 23.5% of M-ADL patients versus 55.1% of controls used analgesics at home (P < 0.0001); 3) the M-ADL group had significantly shorter hospital stays (1.37 ± 0.07 d versus 2.53 ± 0.12 d in the control group [P < 0.0001]); 4) the M-ADL group had a significantly higher degree of symptomatic leg elevation in the straight leg raising (mean postoperative straight leg-raising test, 64.41 degrees ± 1.59 versus 57.77 degrees ± 1.85 in the controls [P = 0.02]); and 5) the M-ADL group lost significantly less postoperative work time (21.67 ± 0.92 d versus 29.47 ± 1.18 d in the control group). In addition, at 1 year of follow-up, there was no clinical evidence of late-onset neurological complications. CONCLUSION: The epidural application of the compound M-ADL after lumbar microdiscectomy was found to be safe and effective, and it significantly improved postoperative pain control and return to function.

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Effect of IV Infusion of Magnesium Sulfate on Postoperative Pain after Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Trial

Archives of Anesthesia and Critical Care ◽

10.18502/aacc.v7i4.7626 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shubhi Singhal ◽

Devang Bharti ◽

Sangeeta Yadav ◽

Nitin Hayaran

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Magnesium Sulfate ◽

Spinal Anesthesia ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Vas Scores

Background: The current study attempts to evaluate the effect of intravenous (IV) infusion of magnesium sulfate during spinal anesthesia on postoperative pain and postoperative analgesic requirements in lower limb surgeries. Methods: In this double blind, randomized controlled study, 60 patients undergoing elective lower limb surgeries, were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Group I received isotonic saline and group II was administered magnesium sulfate 50 mg Kg-1 IV for 15 min and then 15 mg Kg-1 h-1 by continuous IV infusion till the end of surgery or 2 hours, whichever was earlier. Ramsay sedation scores, VAS scores for pain, time of first administration of rescue analgesic and total analgesic requirement were noted in both the groups. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the VAS score between the two groups at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th hour intervals; with VAS scores being lower in the magnesium group (p<0.05). The mean time of first rescue analgesic requirement in control group was 144.00 mins, while in magnesium group was 246.00 mins (p<0.05). The total rescue analgesic requirement was found to be 251.67 mg and 181.67 mg at the end of 24 hours, in control and magnesium groups, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates statistically significant lowering of postoperative VAS scores, delayed need of postoperative analgesia and reduced total postoperative analgesic requirement in patients receiving intraoperative IV magnesium sulfate compared to the control group. Magnesium sulfate did not cause sedation or any other significant adverse effect in the doses used in the study.

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Effect of Magnesium Sulfate on the Total Anesthetic and Analgesic Requirements in Neurosurgery

Journal of Spine Practice (JSP) ◽

10.18502/jsp.v1i1.9787 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-28

Author(s):

Essam Manaa

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Magnesium Sulfate ◽

Recovery Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Hemodynamic Parameters ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: The intraoperative anesthetic and postoperative analgesic requirements are of great importance especially in neurosurgical anesthesia. This requires balancing a deep and effective anesthesia and postoperative analgesia versus the risks of delayed recovery and postoperative respiratory depression from excessive analgesics. Magnesium sulfate is an antagonist of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors in a voltage-dependent fashion. Propofol also inhibits the NMDA subtype of the glutamate receptor. Therefore, magnesium sulfate when coadministered with propofol potentiates anesthetic effect and NMDA antagonism of propofol. Majority of the studies that evaluated the anesthetic and analgesic requirement in patients receiving magnesium sulfate depended on the clinical parameters, for example, hemodynamic parameters and measurement of pain scores. In this study, we added bispectral index (BIS) and neuromuscular monitoring using train-of-four (TOF) to adjust intraoperative anesthetic requirements in addition to the clinical parameters. Methodology: This randomized controlled double-blind study included 50 adult ASA I and II male and female patients undergoing neurosurgical maneuvers. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Routine intraoperative monitoring including invasive BP and in addition TOF and BIS were applied. In a blind fashion, patient in group I (Magnesium group) received magnesium sulfate 20 mg/kg as bolus dose over 5 min followed by 0.1 ml/kg/hr of 10% solution as infusion, while patient in group II (Control group) received saline with the same bolus and infusion rates after the induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced in both groups by fentanyl 2 µg/kg, propofol 1.5–2 mg/kg, and rocuronium in a dose of 0.6 mg/kg to facilitate ETT insertion. This is followed by continuous infusion of propofol 6–10 mg/kg/hr and fentanyl 1–2 mic/kg/hr. The parameters which were assessed included hemodynamic parameters (HR and BP), TOF, and BIS. Total consumptions of propofol, fentanyl, rocuronium, and postoperative analgesic requirements (PCA morphine) were recorded. In addition, recovery time and postoperative pain score by visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded. Result: There was no significant difference in patient characteristics between the two groups. As regard the hemodynamic changes and BIS, no significant difference was seen between the two groups except the HR change which was significantly reduced (p = 0.005) with surgical stimulation in group I compared to the other group. Results also showed that the mean fentanyl, propofol, and rocuronium consumption, recovery time, degree of postoperative pain, and postoperative analgesic requirements were significantly less in patients that received magnesium sulfate infusion compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate is most likely a safe and cost-effective supplement to the general anesthesia in neurosurgery as it reduces the total anesthetic and analgesic requirements and postoperative pain.

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Comparison of Analgesic Effect of Levobupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine and Levobupivacaine for Scalp Block before Supratentorial Craniotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand ◽

10.35755/jmedassocthai.2020.10.11547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 103 (10) ◽

pp. 1028-1035

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Numerical Rating Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Supratentorial Craniotomy ◽

Numerical Rating ◽

Fentanyl Consumption ◽

Scalp Block

Background: Craniotomy causes acute and chronic pain. Uncontrolled postoperative pain may lead to adverse events. Perioperative scalp nerves block is not only effective in reducing intraoperative hemodynamic response, but it also reduces postoperative pain and postoperative analgesia requirement. Objective: To compare the benefits of adding dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine in scalp nerves block before craniotomy for the duration of analgesia in supratentorial craniotomy. Materials and Methods: After approval by the Committee for Research, 50 supratentorial craniotomy patients were randomized into two groups. The control group received 30 mL scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000, whereas the study group received 30 mL scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 plus dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg. The primary outcome was the time to first analgesic requirement postoperatively. The secondary outcomes included intraoperative fentanyl consumption, verbal numerical rating scale, tramadol consumption, and complications during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Results: Patients in the study group had significantly increase time to the first analgesic requirement in postoperative period and reduced intraoperative fentanyl consumption. The median time to first analgesic requirement was 555 (360 to 1,035) minutes in the study group versus 405 (300 to 520) minutes in the control group (p=0.023). Intraoperative fentanyl consumption 125 (75 to 175) mcg in the study group was significantly lower than 200 (150 to 250) mcg in the control group (p=0.02). The verbal numerical rating scale at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively, tramadol consumption, and complications during the first 24 hours postoperatively were not statistically significant different. Conclusion: Preoperative scalp nerves block with 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) with dexmedetomidine 1 mcg/kg significantly increased the time to first analgesic requirement and reduced intraoperative fentanyl consumption compared to 0.25% levobupivacaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) without perioperative complications. Keywords: Scalp block, Dexmedetomidine, Post-craniotomy analgesia, Supratentorial tumor, Levobupivacaine

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Effect of platelet rich-fibrin on alveolar osteitis incidence following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars: A comparative study

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v31i4.2723 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ali S. Abdul Kareem ◽

Ali H. Al Hussaini

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Similar Distribution ◽

Extraction Socket ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Alveolar Osteitis

Background: Postoperative morbidity after extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) is inevitable. One of the most common postoperative complication is alveolar osteitis (AO) which is a painful non healed socket. Many researches were attempted to prevent the occurrence of AO by introducing and applying a new materials inside the extraction socket. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a biological complex fibrin matrix where autologous platelets and leucocytes are present, used to enhance tissue healing process and reduce the early adverse effects of the inflammation. Aims: To evaluate the effect of PRF on the incidence of AO. Also to assess PRF effect on pain, swelling, and trismus following the surgical removal of IMTM and compare it with the control group. Materials and methods: This clinical prospective study was conducted from October 2016 to October 2017 at the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of dentistry/University of Baghdad; and Al-Sadr Specialized Health Center. A total number of 50 IMTMs were surgically removed from 45 patients who met the inclusion criteria (21 males and 24 females) with age ranged from 16-41 years. The cases were divided into two groups: a study group (25 cases) where PRF were placed inside the extraction socket and control group (25 cases) where traditional surgery were performed. AO, trismus and swelling were assessed at the 2nd and 7th postoperative day. Pain scored by numeric rating scale daily by the patients. Results: The study showed that age, gender, side of impaction, oral hygiene condition, impacted tooth classification, surgical difficulty, and the time of procedure in both control and study groups had nearly similar distribution with non- significant difference. At the 1st follow up period: Trismus (P-value = 0.834) and Swelling (P-value = 0.592) were non- significant between the two groups. AO had overall incidence of 4% occurred only in the control group, while the PRF group had no occurrence (0%), but the difference was statistically non significant. Postoperative pain had no significance difference in both groups. At the 2nd follow up period there was no significant difference regarding trismus, swelling, and incidence of AO between both groups. Conclusion: Local application of PRF can reduce the incidence of AO but not to a significant level. PRF had no effect concerning postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus.

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A comparative evaluation of the effects on postoperative pain of systemic and topical forms of benzydamine hydrochloride after periodontal flap surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Medical Science and Discovery ◽

10.36472/msd.v7i2.345 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 394-399

Author(s):

Gülhan Kocaman

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Topical Application ◽

Pain Control ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Flap Surgery ◽

Postoperative Pain Control ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Spray Form ◽

Periodontal Flap Surgery

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate comparatively the topical and systemic forms in the postoperative pain control periodontal flap surgery in spite of the daily dose of benzydamine hydrochloride spray form about one in twenty of the oral dose,. Materials and Methods: In this randomized trial, the 48 systemic healthy individuals in need double-blind study with periodontal flap surgery were evaluated. Consent, demographic information and periodontal clinical parameters were obtained before surgery and periodontal flap surgery was performed with local anesthesia. The patients who underwent surgery were randomly assigned to two groups. One of the groups was prescribed tablet form of postopertive benzydamine hydrochloride and for the other was spray form as topical application. Postoperative pain was assessed by visual analog scale at 2, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours. Results: There was no difference between systemic and topical drug groups in terms of demographic characteristics and periodontal clinical parameters. A statistically significant difference was found between 2 and 6 hours in favor of topical application. (p <0.05), but there was no significant difference in pain intensity at the 8th, 12th, 24th and 48th hours. Conclusion: Although the topical form of benzydamine hydrochloride was 1/20 lower in postoperative pain control after periodontal flap surgery, it was found to be more effective in the early period compared to the systemic form, but equally effective in the late period. We premierly recommend that topical application should be preferred primarily in the prevention of overdose and toxicity in postoperative pain control after periodontal flap operation.

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The effect of local ketamine infiltration on post tonsillectomy pain scale

Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana ◽

10.32637/orli.v50i1.351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Ade Asyari ◽

Novialdi Novialdi ◽

Elniza Morina ◽

Rimelda Aquinas ◽

Nasman Puar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Noticeable Effect ◽

Local Infiltration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Test Control

Background: Post tonsillectomy pain is one of the surgery side effects that most disturbing for patient’s comfort and will cause dysphagia, low intake, dehydration, secondary infection and bleeding. Ketamine is an anesthetic drug that has strong analgesic effect and easily available in any hospital at relatively cheap price. Objective: To find out the effect of local ketamine infiltration on the post tonsillectomy pain scale. Method: An experimental study during tonsillectomy with a Post Test Control Group on 12 samples without local infiltration of ketamine and 12 samples with local infiltration of ketamine in peritonsillar pillar. The pain was assessed 2 hours and 24 hours post extubation with pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Result: The VAS value from patients who were given local infiltration of ketamine in peritonsillar pillar were lower (5.83 ± 0.72 at 2 hours and 2.83 ± 0.58 at 24 hours post extubation) compared to patients without ketamine infiltration (7.83 ± 0.58 at 2 hours and 3.58 ± 0.51 at 24 hours post extubation). The result showed statistically significant difference (p <0.05) at 2 hours and 24 hours post extubation. Conclusion: The VAS score of the ketamine infiltration group is lower at 2 hours and 24 hours post extubation than the group without ketamine infiltration, showing there was a noticeable effect of local ketamine infiltration on the post tonsillectomy pain scale.Keywords : post tonsillectomy pain, ketamine, local infiltration, visual analog scale ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Nyeri pascatonsilektomi adalah salah satu efek samping operasi yang sangat mengganggu kenyamanan pasien, dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan menelan, kurangnya asupan nutrisi, dehidrasi, infeksi sekunder dan perdarahan. Ketamin merupakan obat anestesi yang memiliki efek analgetik yang kuat dan mudah didapatkan di semua tipe rumah sakit dengan harga yang relatif murah. Tujuan: Mengetahui efek pemberian infiltrasi lokal ketamin terhadap skala nyeri pascatonsilektomi. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain Post Test Control Group pada 12 sampel tanpa pemberian infiltrasi lokal ketamin dan 12 sampel dengan pemberian infiltrasi lokal ketamin di pilar peritonsil saat tonsilektomi. Dilakukan penilaian nyeri 2 jam dan 24 jam pascaekstubasi menggunakan skala nyeri Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Hasil: Nilai VAS pasien yang diberi infiltrasi lokal ketamin di pilar peritonsil lebih rendah (5,83±0,72 pada 2 jam dan 2,83 ± 0,58 pada 24 jam pascaekstubasi) dibanding tanpa diberi infiltrasi lokal ketamine (7,83 ± 0,58 pada 2 jam dan 3,58± 0,51 pada 24 jam pascaekstubasi), dan bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05) pada kedua penilaian. Kesimpulan: Terdapat efek nyata infiltrasi lokal ketamin terhadap skala nyeri pascatonsilektomi, dimana nilai VAS kelompok yang diberi infiltrasi ketamin lebih rendah, baik pada 2 jam ataupun 24 jam pascaekstubasi dibanding kelompok yang tidak diberi infiltrasi ketamin.

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Application of platysma muscle suture after thyroidectomy

Journal of Surgery and Trauma ◽

10.32592/jsurgery.2020.8.4.103 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 147-150

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Platysma Muscle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Duration Of Surgery ◽

The Mean ◽

Length Of Hospitalization

Introduction: Thyroidectomy is a common surgery in the neck area, in which the application of platysma muscle suture after thyroidectomy is still being discussed. This study was conducted to compare the application (currently common) or non-application of suture for platysma muscle. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 117 patients underwent thyroidectomy, among which 63 cases without suturing platysma (control group) and 54 subjects with suturing platysma (Intervention group ) were examined in terms of postoperative pain based on visual analogue scale score measured 24 h post-operation. The samples were also investigated regarding hematoma and seroma, wound infection, length of hospitalization, scarring (1 year after surgery), duration of surgery, and the number of cases using opioids during the hospitalization. Patients with diabetes, previous neck surgery, coagulopathy, and radiation history were excluded from the study. The gathered data were analyzed statistically in SPSS software (version 18) using the Chi-square test and the Mann–Whitney U test. A p-value of less than (0.05) was considered significant. Results: Based on the findings, the mean age of the patients in the Intervention group was calculated at 51 years, of which 41 and 13 cases were females and males, respectively. In the Intervention group, 34 patients underwent complete thyroidectomy and 20 patients had hemithyroidectomy. The mean age score of subjects in the control group was calculated at 50 years, of which 44 and 19 patients were respectively female and male. No significant difference was revealed considering wound infection, length of hospitalization, created scarring, the amount of opioid use (opioids), and postoperative pain. However, only the length of surgery was different between the groups (P-value<0.05). Conclusions: There was no difference between wound and surgical complications and cosmetic results between both groups; nevertheless, due to the duration of the surgery and other benefits, such as consuming less thread, not suturing the platysma is recommended.

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Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain intensity after single-visit and multiple-visit retreatment cases: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hatice Miray Uyan ◽

Keziban Olcay ◽

Mutlu Özcan

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Pain ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Control Group ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Single Visit ◽

Group 4 ◽

Multiple Visit ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate postoperative pain after endodontic retreatment. Material and Methods: Asymptomatic, multi-rooted molar & premolar teeth requiring retreatment with 2–5 mm periapical lesions were included. Seventy-eight teeth were randomly placed in four groups (n=20): single-visit (control, group 1), Ledermix (group 2), metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, minocycline mixture (group 3), calcium hydroxide (group 4). The postoperative pain was recorded using a VAS at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after retreatment. Statistical evaluation was performed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Mild pain occurred in 67.5%, moderate in 30%, and flare-ups in 2.5%, and there was a significant difference between the groups (p<0.01). Significantly lower postoperative pain was observed in TAP and CaOH2 groups(p<0.05). In the 6, 12, and 24 h intervals, there was a significant difference in the pain levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: TAP and CaOH2 are effective for reducing postoperative pain after retreatment.KeywordsIntracanal medicaments; Multiple-visit; Postoperative pain; Retreatment; Single-visit.

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