scholarly journals Asthma predictive index as a useful diagnostic tool in preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Hyeon Lee ◽  
Ji-Won Kwon ◽  
Hyung Young Kim ◽  
Ju-Hee Seo ◽  
Hyo-Bin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Provocation Test ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Predictive Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Atopic Sensitization

Background: It is challenging to diagnose asthma in preschool children. The asthma predictive index (API) has been used to predict asthma and decide whether to initiate treatment in preschool children.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between questionnaire-based current asthma with API, pulmonary function, airway hyperreactivity (AHR), fractional expiratory nitric oxide (FeNO), and atopic sensitization in preschool children.Methods: We performed a population-based cross-sectional study in 916 preschool children aged 4–6 years. We defined current asthma as the presence of both physician-diagnosed asthma and at least one wheezing episode within the previous 12 months using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between groups according to the presence of current asthma.Results: The prevalence of current asthma was 3.9% in the study population. Children with current asthma showed a higher rate of positive bronchodilator response and loose and stringent API scores than children without current asthma. The stringent API was associated with current asthma with 72.2% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity. The diagnostic accuracy of the stringent API for current asthma was 0.771. However, no intergroup differences in spirometry results, methacholine provocation test results, FeNO level, or atopic sensitization rate were observed.Conclusion: The questionnaire-based diagnosis of current asthma is associated with API, but not with spirometry, AHR, FeNO, or atopic sensitization in preschool children.

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20-1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors.Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed.Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.

scholarly journals Clinical relevance of enteropathogen co-infections in preschool children—a population-based repeated cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039.e7-1039.e13 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pijnacker ◽  
W. van Pelt ◽  
H. Vennema ◽  
L.M. Kortbeek ◽  
D.W. Notermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyi Zhuo ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Ren ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Linbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods In this population-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 3170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children was evaluated and its association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age, with prevalence in 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-olds of 30.6, 28.0, 15.0, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls (OR = 1.41; 95%CI, (1.20–1.66)) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.062). Epiblepharon was significantly associated with a higher risk of refractive errors, including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68–4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95% CI, (1.86–6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18–1.99)). Conclusions There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and younger children. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to a higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. Increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in the preschool population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of wheeze among preschool children: a population-based cross-sectional study from rural Sri Lanka

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e046688
Author(s):  
Shashanka Indeevara Rajapakse Rajapakse Mudiyanselage ◽  
Wadu Arachchige Dharshika Lakmali Amarasiri ◽  
Bannek Mudiyanselage Gedara Duminda Yasaratne ◽  
Janith Warnasekara ◽  
Suneth Agampodi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Skipjack Tuna ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of wheeze and factors associated with its severity among 3–6 years old children.MethodologyDesignA population-based, cross-sectional study using the WHO 30 cluster methodology with probability proportionate to size sampling.Setting36 preschools registered at the divisional secretariat offices of Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka.ParticipantsWe recruited 1060 preschool children from 36 preschools aged 3–6 years.Main outcome measurementsWe used the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood questionnaire to assess the prevalence, symptomatology and associated factors of wheeze.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 548 (51.70%) male and 512 (48.30%) female children with a mean age of 4.41 (±0.66) years. At least one wheezing episode ever was reported in 323 (30.47%; 95% CI 27.71% to 33.34%) children and 247 (23.30%; 95% CI 20.79% to 25.97%) children had a wheezing attack in the preceding year. Severe episodes of wheezing were reported in 76 (7.17%; 95% CI 5.69% to 8.89%) participants. However, only 27 (35.53%; 95% CI 24.88% to 47.34%) children with severe wheezing had been diagnosed as asthmatics by a clinician. The identified independent risk factors for severe wheeze were allergic rhinitis (OR 6.90; 95% CI 3.84 to 12.40), domestic dog(s) (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.01 to 5.40), frequent consumption of skipjack tuna (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.11 to 3.39) and passive smoking (OR 1.70; 95% CI 0.93 to 3.11) while living in a house with a cement floor is a protective factor (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.80).ConclusionWheezing commonly affects one-fourth of preschool children in rural Sri Lanka. Severe wheezing is often not diagnosed as asthma despite frequent symptoms, probably due to hesitancy in labelling preschool children as asthmatics. Allergic rhinitis, domestic dogs, frequent consumption of Skipjack tuna fish and exposure to passive smoking were independent risk factors for severe wheeze.

Malocclusion traits and sucking habits in preschool children: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Carla MASSIGNAN ◽  
Júlia Gonçalves Dos SANTOS ◽  
Marcos XIMENES ◽  
Mariane CARDOSO ◽  
Michele BOLAN
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041755
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽  
Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Jill E Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

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