scholarly journals Obesity and the risk of primary liver cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Won Sohn ◽  
Hyun Woong Lee ◽  
Sangheun Lee ◽  
Jin Hong Lim ◽  
Min Woo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Prospective Cohorts ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background/Aims: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the effect of obesity on the occurrence of and mortality from primary liver cancer.Methods: This study was conducted using a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library until November 2018 using the primary keywords “obesity,” “overweight,” “body mass index (BMI),” “body weight,” “liver,” “cancer,” “hepatocellular carcinoma,” “liver cancer,” “risk,” and “mortality.” Studies assessing the relationship between BMI and occurrence of or mortality from primary liver cancer in prospective cohorts and those reporting hazard ratios (HRs) or data that allow HR estimation were included.Results: A total of 28 prospective cohort studies with 8,135,906 subjects were included in the final analysis. These included 22 studies with 6,059,561 subjects for cancer occurrence and seven studies with 2,077,425 subjects for cancerrelated mortality. In the meta-analysis, an increase in BMI was associated with the occurrence of primary liver cancer (HR, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.50–1.90, I<sup>2</sup>=56%). A BMI-dependent increase in the risk of occurrence of primary liver cancer was reported. HRs were 1.36 (95% CI, 1.02–1.81), 1.77 (95% CI, 1.56–2.01), and 3.08 (95% CI, 1.21–7.86) for BMI >25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, >30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and >35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Furthermore, increased BMI resulted in enhanced liver cancer-related mortality (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.14–2.27, I<sup>2</sup>=80%).Conclusions: High BMI increases liver cancer mortality and occurrence of primary liver cancer. Obesity is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of and mortality from primary liver cancer.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Relationship between social capital and the experience of dental carie: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Amaro DAMASCENO ◽  
Antônio Carlos PEREIRA ◽  
Andreza Maria Luzia Baldo de SOUZA ◽  
Luciane Miranda GUERRA ◽  
Denise de Fatima Barros CAVALCANTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT Objective Understanding the individual and collective behavior of individuals about their oral health conditions is important to prevent and control of dental caries. This study aimed to seek evidence of the relationship between social capital and caries experience. Methods Using a systematic review with meta-analysis, we searched articles in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, SCIELO, The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases. Studies with humans, of all ages and languages, published until July 2019, which related social capital to the caries experience, were included in this review. Results We identified 1163 articles evaluated considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 5 articles selected to compose the study sample, and only 3 included in the meta-analysis. In the final analysis p value was significant (p <0.001), showing that both social cohesion and neighborhood empowerment are associated with the caries experience. In the random model, the individual has 2.39 chances of not having the caries disease. The results reinforce the importance of community social capital in the caries experience of individuals. Conclusions The high level of community social capital is directly related to lower caries experience rates.

scholarly journals Use of Antibiotics and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto Petrelli ◽  
Michele Ghidini ◽  
Antonio Ghidini ◽  
Gianluca Perego ◽  
Mary Cabiddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

The association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer development is unclear, and clinical trials are lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between antibiotic use and risk of cancer. PubMed, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched from inception to 24 February 2019 for studies reporting antibiotic use and subsequent risk of cancer. We included observational studies of adult subjects with previous exposure to antibiotics and available information on incident cancer diagnoses. For each of the eligible studies, data were collected by three reviewers. Risk of cancer was pooled to provide an adjusted odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was the risk of developing cancer in ever versus non-antibiotic users. Cancer risk’s association with antibiotic intake was evaluated among 7,947,270 participants (n = 25 studies). Overall, antibiotic use was an independent risk factor for cancer occurrence (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.12–1.24, p < 0.001). The risk was especially increased for lung cancer (OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.03–1.61, p = 0.02), lymphomas (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.13–1.51, p < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.04–1.57, p = 0.019), renal cell carcinoma (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.1–1.5, p = 0.001), and multiple myeloma (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.18–1.56, p < 0.001). There is moderate evidence that excessive or prolonged use of antibiotics during a person’s life is associated with slight increased risk of various cancers. The message is potentially important for public health policies because minimizing improper antibiotic use within a program of antibiotic stewardship could also reduce cancer incidence.

scholarly journals Prognostic Role of MicroRNA-126 for Survival in Malignant Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Bu ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Xiao-yang Li ◽  
Li-hong Liu ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background.Increasing studies found that miR-126 expression may be associated with the prognosis of cancers. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic role of miR-126 in different cancers.Methods.Eligible studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases up to March 2015. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the correlation between miR-126 and survival of cancers.Results.Thirty studies including a total of 4497 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that high level of miR-126 was a predictor for favorable survival of carcinomas, with pooled HR of 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.93) for OS, 0.64 (95%CI 0.48–0.85) for DFS, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–0.98) for PFS/RFS/DSS. However, high level of circulating miR-126 predicted a significantly worse OS in patients with cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.09–2.51).Conclusions.Our results indicated that miR-126 could act as a significant biomarker in the prognosis of various cancers.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of primary liver cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Shen ◽  
◽  
Zhuang Xiong ◽  
Yangyang Liu ◽  
Yan Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Treatment Information

Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to valuate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of primary liver cancer inform clinical practice. To this end, the proposed systematic review will address the following question: Which is the best choice to effective in improving The short-term curative effect is effective, the quality of life is stable, and the survival rate of patients is six months/one year in patients with primary liver cancer, acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine or the best supportive treatment? Information sources: We will search the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang. Additionally, we will manually search all reference lists from relevant systematic reviews to find other eligible studies. We will exclude all conference records, reviews, meta-analyses, newspapers, guides, letters and other documents. When the full text or the required information in the analysis process was missing, the author of the studies was contacted for data.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib in the treatment of primary liver cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Shen ◽  
◽  
Zhuang Xiong ◽  
Yangyang Liu ◽  
Yan Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Chinese Herbal

The aim of this systematic review is to compare Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib in terms of efficacy and acceptability in the primary liver cancer to better inform clinical practice. To this end, the proposed systematic review will address the following question: Which is the best choice to reduce Efficacy and safety in Patients with primary liver cancer, Chinese herbal medicine combined with Sorafenib or Sorafenib.this systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the efficacy and Sorafenib combined with Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of PLC. Information sources: We will search the following databases from inception up to September 8, 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang. There will be no restrictions regarding publication date or language. We will apply a combination of medical keywords and words, including "Sorafenib", "Chinese herbal medicine" and "primary liver cancer". Additionally, we will manually search all reference lists from relevant systematic reviews to find other eligible studies.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Relapse in Patients with ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Receiving Cyclophosphamide Induction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Large Observational Studies

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng He ◽  
Jin-ping Hu ◽  
Xiu-juan Tian ◽  
Li-jie He ◽  
Shi-ren Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Cumulative Probabilities ◽  
Relapse Rates

Abstract Background Clinical relapses are common in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). The aim of this systematic review was to estimate time-point prevalence and risk factors of relapse. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to March 30, 2020. Cohorts and post-hoc studies were included for the estimation of summary cumulative relapse rates (CRRs) and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were also performed. Results Of the 42 eligible studies, 24 studies with 6236 participants were used for the pooled analyses of CRRs. The summary 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year CRRs were 0.12 (95% CI, 0.10–0.14), 0.33 (0.29–0.38), and 0.47 (0.42–0.52), respectively. In meta-regressions, the baseline age was positively associated with 1-year CRR. The proportion of granulomatosis with polyangiitis was positively associated with 5-year CRR. Twenty-eight studies with 5390 participants were used for the meta-analysis of risk factors for relapse, including a lower level of baseline serum creatine, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA positivity at diagnosis, an ANCA rise, extrarenal organ involvement (including lung, cardiovascular, upper respiratory, and gastrointestinal involvement), intravenous (vs oral) cyclophosphamide induction, a shorter course of immunosuppressant maintenance, and maintenance with mycophenolate mofetil (vs azathioprine). Conclusions Our systematic review demonstrated that the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year cumulative probabilities of relapse were ∼12%, 33%, and 47% in AAV patients receiving cyclophosphamide induction, respectively. Early identification of risk factors for relapse is helpful to the risk stratification of patients so as to achieve personalized treatment.

scholarly journals Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5171
Author(s):  
Yusuke Handa ◽  
Kenya Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Takasaki
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grade System ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Head Extension ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

447 What Age is Best to Perform Myringoplasty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wilks ◽  
R Mcleod ◽  
V Unadkat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Transitional Point ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess this relationship and determine the most appropriate age for recommendation of surgery. Method According to the “Preferred Reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis” (PRISMA) statement, a literature search was performed across Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane library from 1946-2018. Articles examining a relationship between age and myringoplasty or type 1 tympanoplasty success rates were screened. Results 20 articles encompassing data from 2244 procedures were included. The overall results conveyed a clear correlation between increasing age and rising success rate. A t-test was conducted which demonstrated a significant (P = 0.05) transition at aged 10, whereby success rate below age 10 was 70.6% and above 10 was 86%. Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis has uncovered a clear correlation between increasing age and increasing success rate for myringoplasty in the paediatric population. Furthermore, a significant transitional point has been demonstrated at the age of 10 and We hope that knowledge of increased success rates particularly after the age of 10 helps clinicians make more informed decisions about when to operate

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Herb Combined with Surgery versus Surgery for Varicocele Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-liang Dun ◽  
Min Yao ◽  
Long Yang ◽  
Xue-jun Cui ◽  
Jian-min Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herb ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objective. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery for male varicocele infertility compared to surgery.Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) data of traditional Chinese herbs combined with surgery for male varicocele fertility versus surgery were collected by searching the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Chinese databases. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook. Study outcomes were presented as risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous data.Results. Seventeen of 72 potentially relevant trials met the inclusion criteria. The methodological qualities of the RCTs were low. Compared with the surgery group, the traditional Chinese herb combined with surgery group had superiority in pregnancy rate at 3-month (RR=1.76, andP=0.008), 6-month (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005), and 2-year (RR=1.58, andP=0.0005) follow-ups. No RCT was found to describe the side effects.Conclusion. On considering the low methodological quality of RCTs, there was no enough evidence on traditional Chinese herb with surgery for male varicocele infertility, and more high-quality RCTs of large sample sizes are required.

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