Evaluation of the gall bladder volume by using real time ultrasonography in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Autonomic neuropathy manifests as esophageal dysfunction, nocturnal diarrhea, gall bladder dysfunction, sphincter disturbances, atonic bladder and orthostatic hypotension. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the gall bladder volume in fasting and post prandial state by real time ultrasound in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and healthy controls. Subjects and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 90 subjects were included. Among them, 45 were type 2 diabetes mellitus patients included as cases and 45 age and sex matched healthy controls, who attended the Department of Medicine and Radio-diagnosis, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnaaka. All the study subjects were underwent detailed general and systemic examinations. Under aseptic conditions, 3ml fasting blood samples were collected and used for the estimation of fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar. Gall bladder volume evaluation in fasting and 45 minutes post prandial (standardized fatty meal) state were done in T2DM patients and controls using real time ultrasound (GE Voluson P8 Mechine). Results: In the present study, BMI (24.78 2.31 kg/m2), FBS (160.98 27.99 mg/dl), PPBS (244.31 38.91 mg/dl), Fasting gall bladder volume (33.33 6.42 cm3), post fatty meal gall bladder volume (15.21 6.39 cm3), ejection fraction (49.34 17.29 cm3) were significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: The study results conclude that, fasting and post-prandial gallbladder volumes are indicative of gallbladder function. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed statistically significant impairment of gallbladder function. Gallbladder function may be evaluated routinely in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

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Gall bladder ejection fraction as a marker of autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192898 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 2669

Author(s):

D. Vasantha Kalyani ◽

P. R. Sheela ◽

P. Suresh Kumar ◽

Saranya Nagalingam

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Gall Bladder ◽

Autonomic Neuropathy ◽

Bladder Volume ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽

Control Group

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the commonest complications of diabetes mellitus and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The influence of diabetes on gall bladder function was not demonstrated in many studies. In this study, the association of fasting gall bladder volume and gall bladder ejection fraction with degree of cardiac autonomic neuropathy was assessed and correlated with duration of diabetes and severity of diabetes..Methods: The study was conducted in Government Sivagangai Medical College Hospital, Sivagangai, Madurai during a period of January 2018 to September 2018 as a Prospective observational study conducted among 100 patients in study group and 50 healthy subjects in control group. The aim of the study was to find out the incidence of autonomic neuropathy in study group by simple bed side tests, to determine the fasting gall bladder ejection fraction in diabetics, comparison of gall bladder volume in both study and control group, correlation of gall bladder ejection fraction with autonomic neuropathy.Results: The incidence of CAN is found to be high with longer duration of the disease and the degree is also correlated with duration of the disease. The correlation coefficient of this association is 0.792 which indicates high correlation. The correlation of severity of DM with incidence and degree of CAN was 0.81 which indicates high correlation and also the study showed an increase in the FGBV and a decrease in the GBEF with increase in the severity of cardiac autonomic neuropathy.Conclusions: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the gall bladder ejection fraction is significantly related to the duration of diabetes mellitus and degree of hyperglycemia in addition to cardiac autonomic neuropathy(CAN). Similarly, fasting gall bladder volume (FGBV) is significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy.

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Expression of Leptin and Visfatin in Gingival Tissues of Chronic Periodontitis With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Study Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal of Periodontology ◽

10.1902/jop.2015.140434 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 86 (7) ◽

pp. 882-889 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Noha A. Ghallab ◽

Eman M. Amr ◽

Olfat G. Shaker

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Real Time ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

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Gallbladder Disease in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2013/19815 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ajay Chhabra ◽

Suparna Grover ◽

Anil Vij ◽

Amrit Pal Singh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gall Bladder ◽

Autonomic Neuropathy ◽

Gallbladder Disease ◽

Gallbladder Emptying ◽

Fatty Meal ◽

Chi Square

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a modern epidemic which leads to various complications over a period of time. Autonomic neuropathy is one such complication which may lead on to gallbladder dysmotility and gallbladder stones.Objectives: To determine the incidence of gallbladder disorders in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find out the incidence of autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate it with presence of gall bladder disorders.Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in 50 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 25 healthy age and sex matched normal individuals were taken as controls. The cases as well as the controls underwent ultrasonographic examination for gall bladder volume, wall thickness, intraluminal mass and contraction in response to fatty meal. Data thus collected was compared and analysed statistically by using students ‘t’ test and chi- square test.Results: Mean postprandial gallbladder volume was 20.56±8.87 cm3 in diabetics with ANP with gallstones, 26.16±1.24 cm3 in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility 13.0±6.26 cm3 in diabetics with gallstones without ANP, 12.14±4.88 cm3 in normal diabetics and 13.60±5.95 cm3 in controls. The percentage contraction post fatty meal was calculated from these values and found to be 24.73±14.64% in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility, 26.38±17 .04% in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility, 43.48±8.45% in diabetics with gallstones without ANP, 56.84±9.02% in normal diabetics and 57 .64±9.92% in controls.Conclusion: Incidence of gallbladder disease is much higher in type 2 diabetics (40%) as compared to normal healthy adults (4%). It was concluded that diabetics with ANP had significantly impaired gallbladder emptying. Poor control of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and diabetic autonomic neuropathy are important risk factors for the development of gallbladder disease.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HBA1C AND CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A REAL-TIME MYOCARDIAL CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY STUDY

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(14)61105-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 63 (12) ◽

pp. A1105

Author(s):

Sahar S. Abdelmoneim ◽

Runqing Huang ◽

Lara F. Nhola ◽

Sharon L. Mulvagh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Real Time ◽

Coronary Flow Reserve ◽

Coronary Flow ◽

Contrast Echocardiography ◽

Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography ◽

Flow Reserve

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The expression profile of circANKRD36 and ANKRD36 as diagnostic biomarkers of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics ◽

10.1186/s43042-021-00165-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nearmeen M. Rashad ◽

Mohamed H. Sherif ◽

Amal S. El-Shal ◽

Mona A. E. Abdelsamad

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Real Time ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Relative Expression

Abstract Background The molecular mechanisms for chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain largely unknown and appear to be multifactorial. In the current study, we aimed to study the circulatory levels of circular ankyrin repeat domain 36 (circANKRD36) and ANKRD36 in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CKD and to explore their associations with the progression of CKD. This cross-sectional controlled study enrolled 60 patients with T2DM and 40 controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses were used to detect the expression levels of circANKRD36 and ANKRD36. Results Our results detected that the relative expression levels of circANKRD36 and ANKRD36 were significantly higher in patients with T2DM compared to controls. CircANKRD36 and ANKRD36 were significantly overexpressed in patients with macroalbuminuria (0.2316±0.096, 0.0086±0.0035, respectively) compared microalbuminuria (0.1347±0.032, 0.0037±0.0008, respectively) as well as normoalbuminuria (0.1261±0.018, 0.0027±0.0004, respectively), p˂0.001*. Conclusion The relative expression levels of circANKRD36 and ANKRD36 were significantly increased in patients with T2DM more specifically in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and macroalbuminuria.

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Relationship between HgbA1c and Myocardial Blood Flow Reserve in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Noninvasive Assessment Using Real-Time Myocardial Perfusion Echocardiography

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2014/243518 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Runqing Huang ◽

Sahar S. Abdelmoneim ◽

Lara F. Nhola ◽

Sharon L. Mulvagh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Myocardial Perfusion ◽

Myocardial Blood Flow ◽

Real Time ◽

Flow Reserve ◽

Myocardial Blood Flow Reserve

To study the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c) and myocardial perfusion in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, we prospectively enrolled 24 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent adenosine stress by real-time myocardial perfusion echocardiography (RTMPE). HgbA1c was measured at time of RTMPE. Microbubble velocity (β min−1), myocardial blood flow (MBF, mL/min/g), and myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) were quantified. Quantitative MCE analysis was feasible in all patients (272/384 segments, 71%). Those with HgbA1c > 7.1% had significantly lowerβreserveand MBFR than those with HgbA1c ≤ 7.1%(P<0.05). In patients with suspected CAD, there was a significant inverse correlation between MBFR and HgbA1c (r=-0.279,P=0.01); however, in those with known CAD, this relationship was not significant (r=-0.117,P=0.129). Using a MBFR cutoff value > 2 as normal, HgbA1c > 7.1% significantly increased the risk for abnormal MBFR, (adjusted odds ratio: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.12–3.35,P=0.02). Optimal glycemic control is associated with preservation of MBFR as determined by RTMPE, in T2DM patients at risk for CAD.

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