scholarly journals Grasslands Advance tall fescue establishment and animal performance

1994 ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
T.B. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Grass Production ◽  
Animal Growth

Tall fescue (Festuca urundinacea Schreb.) pastures in New Zealand have been considered to have slow establishment (Grasslands Roa) or lower summer quality (the faster establishing AU Triumph). Three experiments were conducted to study the establishment vigour, herbage production and animal growth rates of a new tall fescue cultivar, Grasslands Advance. Establishment vigour of Advance was similar to that of Au Triumph and 30% greater than that of Roa. Advance and AU Triumph were 17 and 8% higher in annual grass production than Roa, with Advance significantly out yielding the other two cultivars in the warm season. Animal performance per head of young sheep on Roa was significantly higher than on AU Triumph in spring, both Advance and Roa having a significant advantage over AU Triumph in the warm season. Keywords: animal performance, Festuca arundinacae, herbage production, pasture establishment, seedling vigour

Herbage characteristics of perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, tall fescue and timothy pastures and their relationship with animal performance under upland conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Davies ◽  
T. E. H. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Grass Species

SUMMARYHerbage characteristics of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) pastures were obtained whilst rotationally grazed by ewes and their single lambs at a fixed stocking rate of 25/ha on an upland site (305 m O.D.) in mid-Wales. Drymatter production of cocksfoot averaged 32·1 kg/ha/day over the 3-year duration of the trial (1975·7) and was 13·3 kg/ha/day lower than that of the other three grass species. This resulted in a 8 kg/ha/day reduction in dry-matter intake on cocksfoot; this was significantly lower (P < 0·05) than that achieved on the other grasses, which were similar to one another around 36 kg/ha/day.In vitro digestibility of the herbage ranked in the order perennial ryegrass > timothy = cocksfoot > tall fescue. Intake of digestible organic matter (DOMI) was lower on cocksfoot than on perennial ryegrass and timothy. Differences were also detected in crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrates and sodium composition between species.Dry-matter intake was positively correlated with herbage growth rates (r = 0·95, P < 0·001) but not to digestibility of herbage on offer (r = 0·18). Both ewe and lamb live-weight gains were positively related to intake of dry matter and DOMI.Reference is made to comparative yield data between the grasses obtained under cutting trials. In the 2nd and 3rd harvest years (1967–1967) growth rates in the grazing experiment were 76, 61, 81 and 80% of the 66·2, 66·7, 67·8 and 65·0 kg D.M./ha/day obtained under a cutting regime on perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, tall fescue and timothy swards respectively. This illustrates the danger involved in assessing the potential of grasses based on such information.The results are discussed in relation to the value of the species for use under grazing in the uplands.

scholarly journals Philobota sp (Lepidoptera Oecophoridae) a potential new pasture pest in New Zealand

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
A.J. Popay ◽  
D. Gunawardana
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nursery Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Trial Site

In February 2010 caterpillars initially identified as a species of Philobota (Lepidoptera Oecophoridae) were found in a nursery area at Ruakura Research Centre in Hamilton The identification was confirmed by MAFs Plant Health and Environment Laboratory (PHEL) This genus is endemic to Australia where over 400 species are known a few of which are regarded as minor pests of pasture A survey of the Ruakura site found Philobota in three other areas two of which bordered urban areas It was found infesting perennial ryegrass and tall fescue trials in two parts of the campus and in pasture areas in the other two locations suggesting this insect is primarily a grass feeder It is highly likely Philobota is not confined to Ruakura and there is no evidence that the infestation originated at this site Although few live caterpillars could be found by August 2010 observations in 2011 suggest populations have multiplied in at least one trial site Commonly called the pasture tunnel moth this insect is univoltine and weaves characteristic tunnels from grass and debris with chimneys that protrude above ground Caterpillars reared at PHEL yielded only female moths which have been tentatively identified as Philobota nr pilipes

scholarly journals THE PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY CATTLE GRAZING TWO VARIETIES OF TALL FESCUE

1974 ◽  
pp. 200-208
Author(s):  
G.F. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Clover Content

Two varieties of tall fescue were compared with 'Grasslands Ariki' ryegrass as feeds for lactating, and growing catmtle. In three shortterm experimeats the dairy cows grazing the different types of pasture produced similar quantities of milk and in most cases the fat and protein contents did not differ significantly. On the other hand, the exclusion of clover from the grass swards led to a lower milk production. Liveweight gains were consistently higher for yearling cattle grazing Ariki ryegrass compared with the two fescue swards. The invitro digestibility of S170 was lower than the value for G4710 but because of the high clover content of the S170 pastures animal performance was similar.

Rearing two New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) pups to weaning

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha A. Dowell ◽  
Laura J. Boren ◽  
Sandra S. Negro ◽  
Chris G. Muller ◽  
Abigail K. Caudron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Lower Mass ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
New Zealand Fur Seal

The rearing of two pups to weaning is a rare occurrence in pinnipeds and in many cases it remains unknown whether it is a result of twinning or fostering. This study followed two cases where female New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) raised two pups, at a colony in Kaikoura, New Zealand. Maternal attendance behaviour was observed, mass and condition of the pups were measured and genetic samples were collected to assess relatedness. In one case, the female gave birth to twins, while the other case was found to be fostering of a second pup. In both cases, the filial pups of each female exhibited significantly lower mass, condition and growth rates than the colony average. The twins’ mother reared both pups to weaning and did not appear to spend a different amount of time ashore compared with single-pup mothers. The current study confirms both fostering and twinning in New Zealand fur seals, with the potential for successfully raising the pups to weaning, despite their well developed recognition system and the energy costs involved.

scholarly journals The effect of pasture species on lamb performance in dryland systems

1999 ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Fraser ◽  
R.A. Moss ◽  
M.J. Daly ◽  
T.L. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Sheep Production

The effects of two contrasting forage supply options on forage and sheep production were evaluated on unirrigated farmlet systems at Winchmore, Mid-Canterbury. One option was based on perennial ryegrass pastures (Control), and the other (Improved) on hybrid ryegrass, tall fescue, and chicory pastures. All pasture types grew at similar low rates during winter but chicory grew more rapidly than the grasses during the summer droughts. The Control conserved more but required less conserved feed than the Improved system. Both had a feed deficit which averaged 23 and 42 kg DM/ewe respectively over the 2 years. The lambs on the Improved pastures grew more rapidly than the Controls throughout, exceeding the rate of the Controls by 142 and 165 g/head/day post-weaning in years 1 and 2 respectively. This resulted in considerably more lambs reaching target drafting weights on the Improved system, 92 vs. 53 and 97 vs. 58%, in years 1 and 2 respectively. This increased the income from lambs by $104 and $94/ ha in these years. Ewe liveweights were similar during pregnancy but differed during lactation and post-weaning at the end of which, ewes on Improved pastures were 6 and 4 kg heavier than the Controls in years 1 and 2 respectively. They consequently produced fleeces that were 10 and 12% heavier. The superior animal performance associated with the Improved system reflects higher pasture quality due to less endophyte and dead matter, and an increase in the proportion of the more nutritious components, legumes and chicory. Keywords: dryland, lamb production, pasture production, pasture quality, pasture species

A comparison of the growth of seedlings of Mediterranean and temperate tall fescues, phalaris and annual ryegrass

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Hill ◽  
G Kay ◽  
SJ Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Leaf Extension ◽  
Aerial Seeding ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Seedlings of tall fescues (Festuca arundinacea), phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) and annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) were compared with those of other temperate grasses and cereals at 11 and 47 days after sowing at 18/13�C (12/12 h) to determine their relative seedling vigour. Also, the growth rates of two Mediterranean and two temperate cultivars of tall fescue were compared with those of phalaris and annual ryegrass at 14/6�C and 23/20�C (12/12 h) using growth analysis techniques. Shoot growth rates of seedlings were related to caryopsis weight (r = 0.99 at 11 days after sowing) when the range of weights was large, but there was no correlation among perennials with low caryopsis weights (<0.2 mg). Although they had heavier caryopses, seedlings of tall fescue grew more slowly than seedlings of phalaris. All seedlings grew faster at 23/20�C than at 14/6�C. Annual ryegrass had the highest dry matter yield, achieved through a rapid production of tillers, it grew relatively better with respect to ryegrass at 23/20�C than at 14/6�C. Phalaris depended on larger tillers for increased yield, and growth of these was favoured by the higher temperatures. Tall fescue seedlings were less vigorous than the other grasses, but temperate types grew much faster than Mediterranean types at 23/20�C. These trends occurred because of a high leaf area (equivalent to annual ryegrass) and leaf area ratio in phalaris at 23/20�C, and lower leaf extension rates and smaller leaves in Mediterranean fescues than in temperate fescues. The results indicate that: (1) because of better seedling growth, phalaris may be increasingly preferred to tall fescue for aerial seeding or direct drilling in regions where both are adapted; (2) at optimum temperatures, the Mediterranean fescues have poorer seedling vigour than the temperate types; and (3) at optimum temperatures, annual ryegrass may provide more serious competition to the fescues than to phalaris.

scholarly journals Risk assessments of weed seeds on imported fresh produce

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A.I. Popay ◽  
T.K. James ◽  
W.M. Williams ◽  
A. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Saccharum Spontaneum ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

Fresh fruit such as pineapples imported into New Zealand sometimes carry seeds of exotic weeds Some of these weeds do not occur here and may if established threaten agriculture or the natural environment To assist MAF in determining permissible infestation levels the risk posed to agriculture and the environment by 12 species of weeds whose seeds occur on imported fruit was assessed Most of these species are serious weeds in tropical and subtropical areas and could probably survive in New Zealand although their distribution and adverse effects may be limited The species that are considered most likely to be serious weeds at least in Northland are Chromolaena odorata a competitive fastgrowing shrub; the aggressive and weedy perennial grasses Brachiaria mutica Paspalum conjugatum and Saccharum spontaneum; the annual grass Rhynchelytrum roseum; and the free seeding annual herb Ageratum conyzoides The other species seem to pose less of a threat

Isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with tall fescue

2009 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Monk ◽  
E. Gerard ◽  
S. Young ◽  
K. Widdup ◽  
M. O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a useful alternative to ryegrass in New Zealand pasture but it is slow to establish. Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere can improve plant growth and health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Keywords: rhizosphere, endorhiza, auxin, siderophore, P-solubilisation

THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

1974 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
B.R. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

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