scholarly journals Deciduous or evergreen: Does it make a difference to understorey pasture yield and riparian zone management?

2001 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
I.L. Power ◽  
M.B. Dodd ◽  
B.S. Thorrold
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Evergreen Tree ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Riparian Zone Management ◽  
Pasture Yield

This paper uses data from an artificial shade trial to compare the impacts of shade duration on pasture production with deciduous and evergreen tree species. Results indicated that light quantity was not the only main limiting factor in understorey pasture yield. At low levels of shade (

Buffer Strips for Riparian Zone Management

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
CORPS OF ENGINEERS WALTHAM MA NEW ENGLAND DIV
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
Riparian Zone Management

Explaining landholders' decisions about riparian zone management: The role of behavioural, normative, and control beliefs

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Deborah J. Terry ◽  
Barbara M. Masser ◽  
Prashant Bordia ◽  
Michael A. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
And Control ◽  
Riparian Zone Management

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Vegetasi Riparian Sungai Polimaan, Minahasa Selatan – Sulawesi Utara (Riparian Vegetation Diversity of Polimaan River, South Minahasa- Sulawesi Utara)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winda Puspita Bental ◽  
Ratna Siahaan ◽  
Pience Vera Maabuat
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Riparian Zone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Zone Management ◽  
River Quality ◽  
Riparian Zone Management ◽  
High Diversity

Abstrak Degradasi riparian akibat aktivitas manusia dapat menyebabkan penurunan vegetasi riparian yang akan berdampak pada fungsi dalam mempertahankan kualitas air sungai, habitat hidupan liar dan menurunkan jasanya bagi kesejahteraan manusia. Penelitian vegetasi riparian Sungai Polimaan dilakukan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian Sungai Polimaan. Penelitian dilakukan dari Desember 2016 sampai Maret 2017 di sepanjang sungai dari hulu, tengah hingga hilir Sungai Polimaan. Metode analisis vegetasi transek petak sistematik dilakukan pada tingkat rumput, semai, pancang, tihang dan pohon. Vegetasi riparian yang ditemukan di Sungai Polimaan sebanyak 665 individu, 68 spesies, 41 suku. Keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian (H’) secara keseluruhan tergolong sedang untuk tingkat rumput (1,55), pancang (1,53), tihang (1,64) dan pohon (1,76) dan tergolong tinggi pada tingkat semai (3,59).  Upaya pengelolaan zona riparian diperlukan untuk mempertahankan keanekaragaman vegetasi riparian di Sungai Polimaan. Kata kunci: keanekaragaman, Sungai Polimaan, vegetasi riparian. Abstract Riparian degradation due to human activities can lead to decreased riparian vegetation that affects riparian function to maintain river quality, wildlife habitat and riparian services for human well-being. The riparian vegetation research of the Polimaan River was conducted to analyze the diversity of riparian vegetation of the Polimaan River. The study was conducted from December 2016 to March 2017 along river from upper, middle to down the Polimaan River. Method of systematic transect vegetation analysis was carried out at the levels of grass, seedling, stake, banana and tree. The riparian vegetation found in the Polimaan River consisted of 665 individuals, 68 species, 41 families. Riparian vegetation diversity (H ') could be classified into middle diversity for grass (1.55), sapling (1.53), poles (1.64) as well as tree (1.76), and high diversity for seedlings (3.59). Riparian zone management are required to preserve the diversity of riparian vegetation of Polimaan River.Key words: biodiversity, Polimaan River, riparian vegetation

Agroforestry in Eastern Otago: results from two long-term experiments

2000 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
G.G. Cossens ◽  
M.F. Hawke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Clover Content ◽  
Pasture Yield

During the first 20 years of a Pinus radiata tree rotation, tree growth and pasture yield were assessed under a range of tree spacings at Invermay and Akatore, two coastal sites in Eastern Otago. Pasture yield in association with trees thinned to 100 stems per hectare (sph) was comparable to that from open pasture up to a tree age of 12 years. By the 19th year, however, pasture production declined to 63% of open pasture yield at Invermay and to 42% at Akatore. At 200 and 400 sph at Akatore, pasture yield was similar to that from open pasture at tree age 12 years but declined to 27% and 0% of open pasture yield respectively by year 20. At both Invermay and Akatore, the ryegrass and clover content of open pasture was relatively constant throughout the term of the trial. However, both the ryegrass and clover content of pasture beneath trees began to decline by tree age 12 years with a very rapid decline at Akatore in the number of pasture species at 200 sph by the 19th year. No pasture remained at 400 sph, after 19 years. Livestock carrying capacity with sheep on tree treatments at Invermay decreased from 100% of open pasture at year 6 to 60% by year 10. At Akatore, livestock carrying capacity averaged over the 20-year life of the trial was 4.1 stock units per hectare with a maximum of 8.1 stock units at a tree age of 8 years. Tree growth at both sites was similar, averaging between 1 and 1.1 m/year in height over 20 years, with trees at Invermay at 100 sph averaging 9% greater height and diameter growth than at Akatore. Increasing tree stocking from 100 to 200 to 400 sph at Akatore, resulted in increased tree height, but decreased diameter at breast height. A comparison of the East Otago trees with those in a similar trial at Tikitere (Rotorua) 900 km further north indicated that the southern trees were about 6 years later in their growth pattern by tree age 20 years. On both sites, soil pH tended to be lower in the presence of trees and was significantly lower than in open pasture by year 20. The results and comparisons with the Tikitere data suggest that, in an integrated agroforestry regime, there will be livestock grazing under the trees further into the tree rotation in Otago than in North Island sites. However, slower tree growth would result in a longer rotation time to harvest. Current recommendations to farmers are to plant trees on the less productive areas of the farm and adopt a tree stocking rate which fully utilises the site. Keywords: agroforestry, livestock, pasture, Pinus radiata, soil pH, tree stocking

scholarly journals Long-Term Projections of the Natural Expansion of the Pine Wood Nematode in the Iberian Peninsula

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Begoña de la Fuente ◽  
Santiago Saura
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pine Wood Nematode ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Informative Content

The invasive pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causal agent of pine wilt disease, was first reported in Europe, near Lisbon, in 1999, and has since then spread to most of Portugal. We here modelled the spatiotemporal patterns of future PNW natural spread in the Iberian Peninsula, as dispersed by the vector beetle Monochamus galloprovincialis, using a process-based and previously validated network model. We improved the accuracy, informative content, forecasted period and spatial drivers considered in previous modelling efforts for the PWN in Southern Europe. We considered the distribution and different susceptibility to the PWN of individual pine tree species and the effect of climate change projections on environmental suitability for PWN spread, as we modelled the PWN expansion dynamics over the long term (>100 years). We found that, in the absence of effective containment measures, the PWN will spread naturally to the entire Iberian Peninsula, including the Pyrenees, where it would find a gateway for spread into France. The PWN spread will be relatively gradual, with an average rate of 0.83% of the total current Iberian pine forest area infected yearly. Climate was not found to be an important limiting factor for long-term PWN spread, because (i) there is ample availability of alternative pathways for PWN dispersal through areas that are already suitable for the PWN in the current climatic conditions; and (ii) future temperatures will make most of the Iberian Peninsula suitable for the PWN before the end of this century. Unlike climate, the susceptibility of different pine tree species to the PWN was a strong determinant of PWN expansion through Spain. This finding highlights the importance of accounting for individual tree species data and of additional research on species-specific susceptibility for more accurate modelling of PWN spread and guidance of related containment efforts.

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