2. Small-scale industrial development: a policy statement

1984 ◽  
pp. 9-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Uribe-Echevarria
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Policy Statement

Water pollution problems posed by small industries: a case study of India and China

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Small Industries ◽  
India And China

Small-scale industrial enterprises play a highly important role in the development of countries such as India and China since they tend to be labour-intensive, contribute to decentralised industrial development, and are flexible and responsive to emerging demands. However they also often use outdated and highly polluting technologies and, operating in very competitive environments, have very limited financial reserves to invest in “non-productive” pollution control technologies. There has been very little research anywhere into low-cost pollution-control technologies or more applicable pollution control strategies for this sector.

scholarly journals Present Status and Utilization of the Mineral Resources in Nepal

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Devi Prasad Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government

This paper explores the present status and utilization trends of the mineral resources in Nepal. It is mainly due to mineral resources are playing vital role in the development of economy, industry and gross domestic products (GDP). However, the mineral resources are unevenly distributed across the geographical regions. In addition, some minerals are deposited in a particular place on a small scale. As a result, Nepal has not been able to mobilize mineral resources due to lack of detailed study. It requires rigorous study to identify the amount and quantity of mineral deposits in a particular area that can be dug out for commercial purpose. The data were mainly generated from a review of various materials and concludes that the government should give high priority to explore, excavate the mineral resources. It requires clear policy efforts and provisions regarding roles and responsibilities towards the proper mobilization of mineral resources through both private and public sectors. The commercial extraction of mineral resources helps to import substitution, industrial development, jobs creation and revenue collection.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEBERAGAMAN USAHA RUMAHT ANGGA PERTANIAN DI LAHAN MARJINAL

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dewa K.S Swastika ◽  
Roosganda Elizabeth ◽  
Juni Hestina
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
On Farm

Most of farmers in Indonesia, especially in marginal land. are small scale farmers with limited resources. These limitations have caused low level of technology application, thus low productivity and low income. To meet their household consumption. they have to find other job for additional income earning. This study is aimed to: (1) to assess the model offarming system, (2) to evaluate the variability of household's income, (3) to assess the contribution of on-farm, off-farm and non-farm incomes on the total household's income, and (4) to assess the degree of relationship between household characteristic and job variability. The study was conducted in three marginal land, namely: rain-fed in WestJava, dry-land in Bali, and swampy land in WestKalimantan. The results showed thatfarmers in rain-fed of WestJava and swampy land of WestKalimantan were doing partial farming, whilefarmers in dryland of Bali were doing integrated farming system. Farmers in these three agroecosystem were diversified in sources of income. On-farm was the highest source of household's income,followed by non-farm and off-farm. However, there is no significant correlation betweenjob diversification and level ofhousehold's income. It might be that thejob diversification was mainly done by small farmers whose on-farm income alone could not meet their household's consumption. Meanwhile, largefarmers did lessjob. Hence, at the end their household's income was not significantly different. The high contribution of agricultural sector on household's income indicated its high role on rural economy. Therefore, this sector should be developed in an integrated development, includedfarming system development,partnership betweenfarmers and private sector, gro-industrial development, and infrastructure development. It is expected that these integrated development will create marketfor agricultural products, job opportunity for rural people, and finally will improve household's income and welfare.

scholarly journals Some Comments on the Cotton Cloth Consumption in Pakistan

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Munawar Iqbal Malik
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cotton Textiles

From the beginning, the cotton textile industry has been the keystone of Pakis¬tan's industrial development. In both the large scale (more than 1U employees) and the small scale sectors, cotton textiles is the single most important industry in terms of both the value of output and employment. Cotton textiles account for more than 15 percent of all exports and a much higher share of manufactured exports. While the importance of textiles has diminished with the spread of in¬dustrialization to other sectors, the predominance of textiles in manufacturing employment, value added and exports is likely to continue for some time. As Pakistan prepares to launch its Fifth Five-Year plan, it is useful to examine the growth prospects for the cotton textile industry. Having long ago replaced imports of cotton textiles by domestic production, Pakistan must now look to the expansion of foreign market for textiles or at least Pakistan's share in the market-and to the growth of the home market to absorb any planned growth in productive capacity. With the uncertainties in the world market, and especially the current recessionary slump in the developed economies the aftermath of which is likely to be felt for some time, especially in the form of new quantitative restrictions against textile and other manufactured imports coming from developing countries -the future growth in demand for Pakistan's exports is very problematic. Over the decade of the 1960's, textile exports grew in real terms by more than 20 percent per annum. From 1970 to 1974 the trend rate fell to less than 5 percent per annum with considerable fluctuations in the rate of increase from year to year. Of course, there always remains the possibility that Pakistan can expand her share of the foreign market sufficiently to offset any decline in world demand, but the existence of the country-specific quotas on textile products in many of the importing coun¬tries may prove a serious constraint in this regard.

Pattern of Industrial Growth in West Bengal during 1980–1991

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-88
Author(s):  
Anirban Karak
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Land Reforms ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Structural Demand ◽  
The Impact

Three trends in industrial development contribute to the industrial history of West Bengal during the 1980–1991 period—the continuation of a secular decline in terms of employment and value added in manufacturing industries vis-à-vis other states, an ancillarization and flexibilization of production into small-scale factories with less than 20 workers, and a differential impact of this ancillarization on basic goods and consumer goods industries, with the former performing much better than the latter. Viewed through the theoretical lens of structural demand and agriculture–industry relations, the relatively slower growth of consumer goods industries poses a puzzle when the spectacular growth of agricultural output during the 1980s is considered. In this article, I suggest that tying together three factors—the impact of the ‘Green Revolution’ on West Bengal’s agriculture, the nature and effect of the Left Front’s land reforms, and the role of rural commercial capital—can in turn hold together three outcomes for the period 1980–1991 in a single explanation—high agricultural growth, mass poverty among the rural poor despite land reforms and agricultural growth, and the poor growth of consumer goods industries despite high agricultural growth.

The Chocolates of Sucre: Stories of a Bolivian Industry

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-246
Author(s):  
Robyn Eversole
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
First Century ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chocolate Industry ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Shed Light

Chocolate is a Sucre trademark, one of the few products that this Bolivian city regularly markets to other parts of the country. Despite Sucre's long history of chocolate production, however, the city's chocolate industry at the turn of the twenty-first century remains small, unable to export, and generally uncompetitive with products from neighboring countries. Yet Sucre's chocolate-making enterprises have not disappeared; they continue to produce on a small scale in the face of mass-produced, imported brands. In this article, the history of Sucre's chocolate industry is examined to shed light on larger issues of industrial development and “underdevelopment” in Sucre and on the roots of the city's strong artisan identity.

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