In Search of Financial Stability in Nigeria: From Legislation to Effective Regulation of Banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-46
Author(s):  
Nelson Ojukwu-Ogba
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Policy Shift ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Legislative Review

The systemic importance of banks in any economy brings to the fore the inevitability of exploring ways of keeping banks not only strong but also within the safety level desired by depositors and financial managers. This is underscored by the invaluable and fundamental roles of these financial institutions in the maintenance of financial stability. The state of banking regulation in Nigeria, especially before the introduction of reforms in the sector, had given serious cause for concern. This observation is in light of serious illiquidity and systemic distress that was synonymous with the banking sector in Nigeria in the 1990s and even into the opening years of the twenty-first century. This article examines in detail the legal and institutional frameworks for banking regulation in Nigeria. It finds that the challenge of ineffective regulation of the banks in the country may not necessarily be associated with the dearth or non-comprehensiveness of statutes on the subject but rather borders on uncoordinated and ineffective enforcement mechanisms, coupled with policy inconsistency on the part of banking regulators. This situation engenders confusion, uncertainty and instability because prospective investors tend to be more hesitant, depositors shy away from saving with banks and banks tend to have to grapple with persistent illiquidity when the system is unpredictable. The article therefore advocates a policy shift from legislative review to effective enforcement of the existing laws regulating banks in Nigeria in order to grow these financial institutions into transparent, efficient, strong and globally competitive institutions.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SHADOW BANKING ACTIVITIES AS NON BANK INTERMEDIATION TOWARD REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS IN FUNCTION CONTROL OF FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR IN INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lastuti Abubakar ◽  
C. Sukmadilaga ◽  
Tri Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Financial Services Sector ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Global Financial System

Based on the Global Shadow Banking Monitory Report 2015 issued by the Financial Stability Board, global shadow banking activities manage 80% of global GDP and 90% of the global financial system assets. Hence, this study aimed to examine the regulation and supervision of shadow banking activities in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical with descriptive analytical research specifications. Based on the research results as follows : regulation of shadow banking in Indonesia's financial services sector covers all financial institutions outside the banking sector or Non-Bank Financial Institutions that the regulations are scattered in various rules. Indonesia has developed an integrated surveillance system for the entire financial services sector, include NBFIs. Development of shadow banking regulation will be based on the strengthening of reporting, monitoring, supervision and regulation. Keywords : regulatory developments, shadow banking, and supervision

scholarly journals Banking operations as an object of administrative and legal protection

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
M. Y. Bukreev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Banking Operations

The subject matter of the research is the relations that are formed in the process of banking operations. It has been substantiated that banks and the banking system are among the most important financial institutions, which proper and stable functioning influences on all other spheres of life in the state. It is proved by the consequences of crises in the banking sector that have occurred in Ukraine over the past few years. Awareness of the importance of this area and the possible consequences of unlawful encroachments have determined the need to search for all legal means for combating delicts in the sphere of banking operations. Understanding the fact that one can achieve significant results in the sphere of protecting banking operations by administrative and legal means, has necessitated this scientific study. In order to analyze banking operations as an object of administrative and legal protection, the author has fulfilled the following tasks. The author has highlighted the use of the concepts of “protection” and “administrative and legal protection” in the context of their implementation in relation to banking operations. The foundations of Ukrainian and international administrative and legal regulation of protecting relations in the sphere of banking operations have been revealed. The essence and features of banking operations influencing the understanding of the sphere of protected relations have been outlined; and the content of administrative and legal protection of relations in the field of banking operations has been revealed. It has been noted that there is an extensive system of banking legislation on legal norms in Ukraine regulating banking operations that require legal protection. The practical significance of the obtained results of the article is determined by the substantiated provisions for improving the approaches to increase the efficiency of the administrative and legal protection of the relations in the sphere of banking operations. A number of practical results of the research can be used while studying administrative and legal means of protecting relations in the field of banking operations.

scholarly journals РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ БАНКІВСЬКОГО СЕКТОРА У КОНТЕКСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЙОГО ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Плукар Л.А.
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Crisis Prevention ◽  
Regulation And Supervision ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
National Banking System

The article substantiates the need to regulate the banking sector to ensure economic security of its operation. The main tasks of state regulation and supervision of the banking sector have been identified. The types of existing models of the institutional structure of the system of banking regulation and distribution of powers between prudential supervisors are revealed. Requirements for the development of a model of regulatory policy in the banking sector of Ukraine have been formed. The necessity of creating early crisis prevention systems (macroeconomic, based on warning indicators), monitoring of systemic financial institutions, application of macroprudential analysis with regular publication of a strategic document - the Financial Stability Report. The foreign experience of macroprudential regulation and supervision with the help of established specialized divisions of central banks on financial stability and security is reflected. The creation of a separate unit of financial stability and security in Ukraine was initiated, reporting directly to the Chairman of the NBU. The scheme of correlation of subjects of management and tools of maintenance of economic safety of national banking system with separation of subjects of management of economic safety of banking sector, tools of maintenance of economic safety of banking sector at the international and national levels of banking supervision is developed. The implementation of the principles of the Basel Accords in the activity of the banking system of Ukraine is determined as a determining factor in strengthening its financial stability and economic security. The issue of trust in the banking system is one of the main criteria for success, efficiency and security of the banking sector of the economy of each state. The need for monitoring and management of systemic risks has been proved.

FINANCIAL LITERACY AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION EFFECTS ON STABILITY AND COMPETITIVENESS INDICATORS IN THE BANKING SECTOR: CROSS COUNTRY EVIDENCE FOR AFRICA AND THE WORLD

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150009
Author(s):  
JOÃO JUNGO ◽  
MARA MADALENO ◽  
ANABELA BOTELHO
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Financial inclusion has allowed financial products with very high-interest rates and complex conditions to become increasingly affordable. Financial inclusion programs, which aim to reach all social strata, strongly expose financial institutions to risk and particularly credit risk. That said, additional interventions such as financial education of those included are needed. We aim to examine the impact of financial literacy and financial inclusion of households on bank performance. Specifically, we want to examine the impact of financial literacy on credit risk, competitiveness among banks and financial stability. The FGLS estimation results suggest that financial literacy and financial inclusion reduce credit risk and enhance the stability of banks, and regarding competitiveness, our results were inconclusive as they show different effects for each competitiveness indicator, although they point to improved competitiveness in some cases. This research allows policymakers to understand that individual financial attitudes can be reflected in the general welfare of financial institutions and encourages the intensification of programs aimed at improving household financial literacy.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and bank performance: Does ownership matter? Evidence from the Kenyan banking sector

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulacha G. Barako ◽  
Greg Tower
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Statistical Justification ◽  
African Context ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

This paper provides an empirical analysis of banks performance in Kenya. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the association between ownership structure characteristics and bank performance. Data utilised in the study is collected from the Financial Institutions Department of the Central Bank of Kenya, both on-site inspection reports and off-site surveillance records. Empirical results indicate that ownership structure of banks significantly influence their financial performance. In particular, board and government ownership are significantly and negatively associated with bank performance, whereas foreign ownership is strongly positively associated with bank performance, and institutional shareholders have no impact on the performance of financial institutions in Kenya. The study makes a significant contribution to financial research by extending examination of banks performance to a developing country context beyond the usual confines of the developed western economies, and adds to the small number of similar studies in the African context. The results are consistent with prior research findings, and more importantly, presents statistical justification for pursuing further corporate governance reforms with respect to banks’ ownership structure to enhance the financial stability of the sector

scholarly journals An Assessment of Financial Performance and Service Facility Improvement after Merger and Acquisition of Financial Institutions of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Ganesh Bajgai ◽  
Radheshyam Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
The Impact

Merger and acquisition are one process to integrate the two or more similar types of institutions into one institution. Basically, more banking sectors are gone in merger and acquisition in Nepal. Nepal Rastra Bank has introduced the Merger by law – 2068 BS with the objective of reducing the number of BFIs, enhancing financial stability and promoting public confidence on the banking sector, which encouraged and compelled the banking sectors to proceed the merger and acquisition process for their long-term sustainability. Considering this status, the study was conducted to identify the impact of merger and acquisition on financial performance and service quality of financial institutions of Nepal. The study was conducted covering the category A and B bank which were established after merger and acquisition process. It was a cross-sectional study conducted among the 385 employees of banking sectors. The result shows that the financial performance and service quality of both types of banks (category A and B) was significantly difference in post-merger situation because the p value of t-test was less than .05 significant level.  

scholarly journals Taking Identity Seriously: When Identity Meets Regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kerem Coban
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Identity Problem ◽  
Multiple Identity

Financial stability is a public good. Banking regulation has a vital role to play in the provision and maintenance of financial stability. This article introduces a multiple identity approach to the regulation of the banking sector. It conceptualises bankers and regulators sharing a common social identity with the rest of the society, namely taxpayer identity besides their respective banker and regulator identities. The article underlines the balance between two social identities, and the reasons why bankers and regulators cannot achieve a balance between the two. Finally, motivated by the multiple identity approach on the political economy of banking regulation, the article discusses two major policy recommendations for regulatory design, at least, to partially address the multiple identity problem.

Risk Management in China's State Banks - International Best Practice and the Political Economy of Regulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Brehm
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
General Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Minority Shareholders

The modernization of the banking sector, and particularly the big four state owned commercial banks, has a top priority on the Chinese reform agenda. Three of the four state banks found foreign strategic investors as minority shareholders and domestic banks now face more competition from global players since the country's WTO commitments came fully into effect at the end of 2006. A comprehensive approach to reform aims at pushing China's state banks into the league of global leading financial institutions within a few years time. But is this aim feasible despite prevalent state dominance? To shed light on the role and impact of the state in promoting sound risk management practices this paper focuses on the political economy of law implementation. Two main conclusions are drawn: (1) the direction of action is significantly different from reform outcomes due to weak incentives to enforce respective policies and as a consequence non-performing loan accumulation continues; and (2) on a more general level banking regulation in China illustrates that a normative approach based on international best practice is insufficient to address the issue of financial stability in many emerging and developing countries because it neglects the role of the institutional embeddedness of banking reform.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC ON THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE BANKING SECTOR IN KAZAKHSTAN

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (388) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Kodasheva Gaukhar, ◽  
◽  
Azhmuxamedova Assem, ◽  
Arynova Zulfiya Amangeldykyzy, ◽  
Shaikenova Nurgul Tynyshtykovna, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
World History ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Net Profit

The coronavirus pandemic has led to the closure of the country's borders and social isolation of the population, which affected the decrease in loans allocated by banks to the population and business. Despite the increase in net profit by bankers, negative trends are being traced in this segment of the financial market under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic. The current crisis really has no analogues in world history, or we simply do not know about them (if, for example, the civilization that is now present on the planet Earth had predecessors). It is not like the previous ones by its very nature. Previous crises have always been based on a kind of long-term economic imbalance, but today (although with all the signs of the latter) we are faced with the coronavirus pandemic - an event whose scale and consequences turned out to be difficult to predict in principle. For this reason, no one really had the opportunity to prepare for what was happening. Temporary regulatory easing and a decrease in macroprudential markups will allow banks to gradually adapt to the situation and maintain financial stability. It is very important that banks and other financial institutions use indulgences to stabilize their financial position and lend to the economy, and not to pay dividends to owners and bonuses to management.

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