The Global Green Bond Market in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper summarizes the relevant researches in the area of the green bond market within the perspective of the performance of the global green bond market in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the rapid expansion of the green bond market during the last decade, this market has also experienced the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researches on the effect of COVID-19 and its induced crisis on the green bond markets are still fragmentary; therefore, the main purpose of this research is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global green bond market. To reach the purpose, the methods of literature analysis, and correlation-regression analysis are used. In the first section of the paper, the research problem is presented; in the second part the analysis of academic literature is conducted; in the third part the design of the research is described, and in the fourth part the results of the assessment of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the global green bond market are discussed. The results of the research revealed that the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to have a negative impact on the performance of the S&P Green Bond Index. The market reaction to deaths caused by COVID-19 infection proved to be stronger than the reaction to confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection. However, after a sufficiently significant negative shift, which was observed in the first quarter of 2020, the S&P Green Bond Index regained its upward trend, which continued for the rest of the year.

How Do We Decide? Thought Architecture Decision Making?

The study of decision-making is an intellectual discipline; mathematics, sociology, psychology, economics, political science, artificial intelligence, neuroscience and physics. Conventional decision theory tells us what choice of behavior should be made if we follow certain axioms. Scientific curiosity instructs us to reconsider beyond any area in which we have defined ourselves. We design the intertwining of brain, genetics, phylogenetics, and artificial and neural networks in financial trading to find the best combinations of parameter values in financial trading, incorporating them into ANN models for stock selection and trader identification. The purpose and goal of the paper is to make financial decisions in the intertwining of the brain, genetics, phylogenetics and artificial neural networks, focusing on opening new foundations, giving insights into the foundation rock that lies beneath that soil. Science seeks basic natural laws. Mathematics seeks new theorems to build on old ones. Engineering builds systems to address human needs. The three disciplines are interdependent, but different and yet Claude Shannon simultaneously makes a central contribution to all three disciplines, this was the guiding idea of our work (finance, neuroscience, artificial intelligence).

Development of E-banking in Bangladesh: A Survey Study

E-Banking is being grownup speedily in Bangladesh. The recent exceptional advancement in data technology and smartphones’ convenience has brought important changes in banks’ services in Bangladesh. Notably, banks are presently competitory to supply complete banking services via smartphones or through on-line platforms. Such digital banking services cut back long queues within the bank’s counter to withdraw cash/ to deposit cash to their accounts. However, very little is thought concerning security and customers’ feedback concerning such services, that is investigated during this paper. a lot of significantly, this paper tried to look at E-banking’s current standing, potential future opportunities, and challenges, notably in Bangladesh. To serve our functions, we have a tendency to interviewed one hundred fifty folks directly connected with such digital banking services, as well as bankers, users, and alternative people. Our study finds many barriers in E-banking service channels, as well as technological breakdown, infrastructural limitations, temporal arrangement problems, legal risks and name risks, etc. Our analysis conjointly finds that customers are not equally pleased with digital services, and that they demanded to scale back the extent of uncertainty related to digital banking services.

A Qualitative Exploratory Observational Study: An Entrepreneurship Managers’ Emotional Intelligence and Impact on the Financial Organization’s Success in the United States

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is an essential trait for managers to possess to be effective and successful in organizations. Soft skills are becoming as crucial as making quotas. Scholarly literature lacks research on emotional intelligence and employee engagement in retail in St. Lucia. Engaged employees could stay motivated during adversity and help maintain an organization’s culture. This exploratory observational study’s primary purpose was to examine how retail store managers in St. Lucia perceived their emotional intelligence influences employee engagement. The conceptual framework that grounded the study was emotional intelligence and employee engagement from an organizational performance perspective. The data collection process included reviewing archival data. The paper presents empirical analysis results; several patterns and themes emerged from the data analysis, including emotional intelligence, controlling emotions, coaching, legacy, training, hiring well, communication, and personalized relationships. Increased emotional intelligence training emerged as useful in the St. Lucian business landscape and the Caribbean by extension. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that researching other sectors at varying levels may give a broader understanding of how emotional intelligence is perceived. This study’s findings may be useful to stakeholders and organizational leaders to allow developing strategies to build more emotionally intelligent and engaged organizations and positively affect social change.

Analysis of Corporate Investment Behaviour in Digital Technologies for Organisational Development Purposes

In the context of this study, a literature review and the survey of German business executives were conducted. On the way to digitalisation, companies try to support or replace as many processes as possible using software and tools. The main purpose of this study consisted in investigating corporate investment behaviour in digital technologies for organisational development. Since the progress in this area in recent period is very large, consists the need to determine how do companies choose the appropriate functions and how much are they willing to invest for their execution. The study relies on a review of recent publications, statistical analysis and empirical analysis based on the results of online surveys. Behavioural determinants defined include regularity and predictability of organisational development, spending points, purpose of investment, previous experience with investment object, possible reasons against investment. It was compared which characteristics of companies (number of employees, annual turnover, age of the company, orientation) can influence a statement about the level of investment in organisational development, as well as desired functions and possible decision against investment in digital technologies. Furthermore, the current expenditures for organisational development were compared with the investments of companies with the same characteristics. The results demonstrate the different distribution of statistically collected data for personal purposes and the estimated investment volumes for digital tools for organisational development, despite relatively similar figures for current expenditure on organisational development.

Women in Micro and Small Business Enterprises and their Financial Cruxes in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Mettu Town

Ethiopia is fast growing economy among countries in the continent of Africa and the participation of skilled women in the small business enterprises has become interesting for the analysis come across. The role of education of women is the crucial one, especially for third world countries like Ethiopia. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the participation of skilled women in Micro & Small Enterprises in case of Mettu town. This study has attempted to portray participation of educated women in Micro and Small Enterprises in the study area. To conduct this study, the data has been collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources of data obtained through structured questionnaire, interviews and observations however the secondary sources of data are books, journals and different written documents of government as well as NGOs. Descriptive method of statistics has been used to analyze the data. The findings of the study reveal that despite of financial crunches the participation of women particularly skilled in MSEs gradually increasing over the period of time in town. Educated women are more likely preferring service sector followed by trade sector in the study area.

The Communication in the Algerian Company: is a Technical Tool or a Managerial Practice? Case of the Internal Communication in a Financial Company of BADR

The topic was chosen due to the role that communication plays which is growing gradually in all forms of organization. It’s a part of strategic perspective and is gained through diverse relational acts that are establishing with external environment and within organization, between the structures, between groups or between individuals, organization needs the internal communication in the situation of organisational change, conflicts, creativity. We are focusing in this study on two sides, the tools established which can improve the internal communication and the top down communication which can create a healthy climate gives a solid foundation upon of transparency and confidence inside furthermore it reflect the good reputation and image of the company outside. The purpose of this article is to determine the technique tools of internal communication which can affects the performance of a financial company: Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development, his contribution to personals, as a reflection tool constituting a certain number of benchmarks permitting them to seize a new approach to the concept of organizational communication. Firstly, we counted on the stages of scientific research by gathering information about the company, after that we chose our sample, we elaborated the questionnaire to answer the questions, Secondly, we analysed the process of internal communication in the bank. Our sample contained 20 employees all of them were competent employees, we found that internal communication is not just a simple operation it consists in disseminating and sharing information, but also it contributes greatly to motivating, instilling and establishing confidence among various members of the organisation, appreciating the efforts. Finally, we have reached that internal communication is a managerial practical which is a source of effectiveness and efficiency than a simple tool.

The Impact of Corporate Governance on Banks Profitability in Nigeria

The major concern of regulatory authority overtime is on the need to enhance sound practices among banks through the improvement of corporate governance; therefore this research examined the effect of corporate governance on commercial banks profitability in Nigeria. The study covered the period of 2009 to 2018 and secondary data were obtained from the audited financial statement of the selected banks which are Guarantee Trust Bank Nigeria PLC, Zenith Bank PLC and First Bank of Nigeria PLC. Fixed effect regression technique was used to examine the effect of Audit Committee Size (ACS), Board Size (BS), Audit Committee Number of Meeting (ACNM) and Board Number of Meeting (BNM) on earnings per share (EPS) of the selected banks. The independent variables results showed a positive and significant relationship on Earnings per share of the banks with coefficient and probability(prob.) value of the variables as follows: audit committee size(0.6241;0.0109), board size(0.4349;0.007) and board number of meeting(0.0356) had positive and significant effect on earnings per share of the banks respectively. However, negative and significant relationship was established between audit committee number of meeting and earnings per share with a coefficient and probability value of -1.0781 and 0.0001 respectively. With the F-Stat. of 2.84 and a prob. of 0.025, all the null hypotheses were rejected and the alternative hypotheses accepted, indicating that all the independent variables significantly affect the dependent variable. The study concluded that corporate governance enhances commercial banks performance in Nigeria. It therefore recommended that attention should be paid to the audit committee size, board size and board number of meetings since an increase in them leads to increase in the earnings per share while the audit committee number of meetings should be reduced as it affects the earnings per share negatively. The regulatory authority should formulate strong policy frameworks that would ensure that commercial banks constantly comply with corporate governance standard set by the authority.

The Manufacturing Sector Impact of Monetary Policy Frameworks: Evidence from Nigeria

Monetary policy as macroeconomic tool is germane to maintain economic balances and stimulate sectoral growth. However, the channels through monetary policy influenced manufacturing sector has not been adequately explored in Nigeria. Therefore, this study was carried out to uncover the linkage between monetary policy channels and manufacturing sector output in Nigeria within the period of 1986 to 2018. The unit root result based on Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Peron tests showed the data series are integration of level and first difference. Data were analyzed with Autoregressive Distributed Lag-Bound Co-integration dynamic technique. It was discovered from the study that, monetary policy channels determines manufacturing sector output in the long run. It was further established that, manufacturing sector output responded positively and significantly to momentary policy rate, broad money supply and inflation rate while cash reserve ratio and exchange rate had negative and insignificant relationship with manufacturing sector output in the long run coefficients with mixed effects in the short run coefficients. These results suggest that, monetary policy channels are powerful tool for influencing manufacturing sector output and promoting sectroal growth especially in the long run. Thus, it was suggested that the current monetary policy frameworks should be maintained and sustained, while cash reserve ratio of banks should be reviewed to support lending to the manufacturing sector. The growth of money supply should be adequately monitored and controlled in line with the structure of the economy. Finally, appropriate and stable macroeconomic policies should be initiated to ensure macroeconomic stability capable of supporting manufacturing sector activities.

Post-pandemic Scenario for University Startup Accelerators

This essay focuses on the post-Covid19 environment of entrepreneurial ideas that have potentials of success and growth in the coming years, providing an insight into the prolific funding being made available for University startups, especially in their early stages of development. To achieve this objective, it seems crucial to define firstly many terms frequently used and to determinate the involved variables. Whoever is able to predict this new post-Covid reality and glimpse the later scenario, will be better prepared for the new times, which will be as changing and indefinite as in the past. It seems the right time to transform ideas into realities. Whether it is a student presenting his thesis or an entrepreneur landing his postponed projects, this new scenario more than tempting forces to undertake. Through an University startup accelerator, it is possible to anticipate your competitors, learning about new proposals, counting on the advice and mentoring of independent professional experts. Universities with a sufficiently strong entrepreneurial ecosystem can serve as an ideal launch pad for startups founded by its own students and researchers.