Artistic Re-creation of Grassroots English: Ideologies and Structures in English Vinglish

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-140
Author(s):  
Edgar W. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Internal Development ◽  
Value Judgements

This paper investigates the representation of grassroots English in a recent (2012), successful Bollywood movie, English Vinglish. The plot focusses upon Shashi, a young Indian mother who speaks hardly any English, a fact which is hugely embarrassing to herself and her family. During a stay in New York City she secretly takes beginners' English lessons with other international, instrumentally motivated learners. After a section which outlines some background, the paper's first main part analyzes language attitudes and ideologies held by the characters in this movie, presenting a short Critical Discourse Analysis of scenes from the movie, meant to disclose hidden linguistic value judgements. The second part adopts a linguistically descriptive perspective, presenting an analysis and interpretation of the basic syntactic patterns employed by Shashi and her classmates. These reduced but communicatively sufficient structures are characteristic of early adult learners' usage, and are shown to reflect internal development and to be similar to what has recently been termed "grassroots spread" of English. They are shown to display structural similarities with pidgins, patterns found in early language acquisition, and widespread nonstandard structures found in World Englishes.

The Portrayal of Islam and Muslims in Western Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis

Cultura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-73
Author(s):  
Saman REZAEI ◽  
Kamyar KOBARI ◽  
Ali SALAMI
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Western Media

With the realization of the promised global village, media, particularly online newspapers, play a significant role in delivering news to the world. However, such means of news circulation can propagate different ideologies in line with the dominant power. This, coupled with the emergence of so-called Islamic terrorist groups, has turned the focus largely on Islam and Muslims. This study attempts to shed light on the image of Islam being portrayed in Western societies through a Critical Discourse Analysis approach. To this end, a number of headlines about Islam or Muslims have been randomly culled from three leading newspapers in Western print media namely The Guardian, The Independent and The New York Times (2015). This study utilizes “ideological square” notion of Van Dijk characterized by “positive presentation” of selves and “negative presentation” of others alongside his socio-cognitive approach. Moreover, this study will take the linguistic discourses introduced by Van Leeuwen regarding “representing social actors and social practices” into consideration. The findings can be employed to unravel the mystery behind the concept of “Islamophobia” in Western societies. Besides, it can reveal how specific lexical items, as well as grammatical structures are being employed by Western media to distort the notion of impartiality.

A corpus-based study of representation of Islam and Muslims in American media: Critical Discourse Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 174804852098744
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Strong Conclusion ◽  
American Media

Media representations have significant power to shape opinions and influence public response to communities or groups around the world. This study investigates media representations of Islam and Muslims in the American media, drawing upon an analysis of reports in the New York Times over a 17-year period (from Jan.1, 2000 to Dec. 31, 2016) within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. It examines how Islam and Muslims are represented in media coverage and how discursive power is penetrated step by step through such media representations. Most important, it investigates whether Islam and Muslims have been stigmatized through stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. The findings reveal that the New York Times’ representations of Islam and Muslims are negative and stereotypical: Islam is stereotyped as the unacclimatized outsider and the turmoil maker and Muslims as the negative receiver. The stereotypes contribute to people’s prejudice, such as Islamophobia from the “us” group and fear of the “them” group but do not support a strong conclusion of discrimination.

scholarly journals A Comparative Approach to a Transatlantic Scandal: Le Monde and the New York Times’ Coverage of Roman Polanski’s 2009 Arrest

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
Roman Polanski ◽  
A Minor

Since internationally renowned film director Roman Polanski was arrested on six charges of misconduct directed at a minor in 1977, his legal case has drawn strong reactions in connection to a range of political, social, and moral issues. Responses to the scandal have differed sharply across French and American national lines and as such, prestige press coverage of the director’s 2009 arrest in France and the U.S. reflects differences in dominant national ideologies. This paper applies a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach to analyze two specific sets of national ideologies connected to the case – those connected to that of the artist’s worth and those relevant to perceptions of sexual misconduct. 

“Producing Human Capital”: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Title II of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaran Shin ◽  
Liz Ging
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Federally Funded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Workforce Innovation

Historical and legislative evolutions of education policy have repurposed federally funded adult education programs in the United States. The 2014 passage of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) has considerable repercussions for everyone involved in the field because it controls the funding, assessment, and structure of these programs. Using critical discourse analysis, this study examines the public law and a Program Memorandum from the federal government. It demonstrates how the language used in the documents characterizes Title II of WIOA (the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act), the goals of adult education, eligible adult learners, and the process by which programs are held accountable for federal funding. The findings show the ways in which Title II tactically legitimizes the U.S. government’s neoliberal capitalist desire within a democratic society: The idealistic language of opportunity acts as a camouflage for the further infiltration of market-oriented practices into the public sector.

scholarly journals OS MULTILETRAMENTOS E OS GÊNEROS DISCURSIVOS: SER LETRADO EM AMBIENTES DIGITAIS NA MODERNIDADE TARDIA

Trama ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (35) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Fernando Arthur GREGOL ◽  
Terezinha Da Conceição COSTA-HÜBES
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Literacy Learning ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Teaching Assessment ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
New London

A modernidade tardia (CHOULIARAKI; FAIRCLOUGH, 1999) trouxe consigo a ascensão dos meios digitais e de novas possibilidades de interação. Com isso, novos gêneros, ou gêneros “reconfigurados”, sustentam os propósitos discursivos e formatam os novos enunciados que nos são disponibilizados todos os dias. Esta modernidade tardia, portanto, nos coloca novos desafios: ser letrados em diferentes linguagens multissemióticas e multimodais (LEMKE, 2010). Diante desse contexto, nosso objetivo é analisar de que forma o letramento digital se manifesta do ponto de vista da leitura, compreensão e produção de textos de alunos de nível avançado e nível iniciante em Língua Inglesa, num programa de ensino de línguas de uma universidade pública. Inseridos no campo de estudos da Linguística Aplicada (MOITA-LOPES, 2006), compreendemos a linguagem como uma manifestação social, dotada de características discursivas, portanto, impossível de ser descolada de seu contexto e de uma real necessidade de estudo. Trata-se, assim, de um trabalho qualitativo-interpretativista (BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), que pretende demonstrar como os multiletramentos se fazem presentes em salas de aulas de línguas estrangeiras na atual conjuntura em que nos encontramos. Referências:BAKHTIN, Mikhail. [1979]. Estética da Criação Verbal. Tradução do russo por Paulo Bezerra. 6. ed. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2011.BARTON, David; LEE, Carmen. Linguagem online: textos e práticas digitais. Tradução do inglês por Milton Camargo Mota. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2015.BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Globalização: as consequências humanas. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Editores, 1999.BORTONI-RICARDO. O professor pesquisador: introdução à pesquisa qualitativa. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2008.COMMON EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK OF REFERENCE FOR LANGUAGES: Learning, teaching, assessment. Disponível em: https://goo.gl/rNSmTa; Acesso em 20 nov. 2018.CHOULIARAKI, Lillie; FAIRCLOUGH, Norman (2001). Discourse in late modernity: Rethink Critical Discourse Analysis. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press.COSTA-HÜBES, Terezinha da Conceição. A pesquisa em ciências humanas sob um viés bakhtiniano. Revista Pesquisa Qualitativa. São Paulo, v.5, n.9, p. 552-568, dez. 2017.GEE, James Paul. Situated Language and Learning: A critique of traditional Schooling. New York: Routledge, 2004.KRESS, Gunther. Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. New York: Routledge, 2010.LEMKE, Jay L. Letramento metamidiático: transformando significados e mídias. Trab. linguist. apl.,  Campinas,  v. 49, n. 2, p. 455-479,  Dez.  2010.MOITA-LOPES, Luiz Paulo da (Org). Por uma linguística aplicada Indisciplinar. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2006.NEW LONDON GROUP. [1996]. A pedagogy of multiliteracies: Designing Social Futures. In: COPE, Bill; KALANTZIS, Mary (Orgs.) Multiliteracies: Literacy Learning and the Design of Social Futures. Londres/Nova York: Routledge, 2006.ROJO, Roxane Helena Rodrigues. Letramentos Múltiplos, escola e inclusão social. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2009.______. Pedagogia dos multiletramentos. In: ROJO, Roxane Helena Rodrigues; MOURA, Eduardo (Orgs.). Multiletramentos na escola. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2012.______; BARBOSA, Jacqueline Peixoto. Hipermodernidade, multiletramentos e gêneros discursivos. São Paulo: Parábola, 2015.SANTAELLA, Lúcia. Culturas e artes do pós-humano: da cultura das mídias à cibercultura. São Paulo: Paulus, 2003.VOLÓCHINOV, Valentin. (1929). Marxismo e Filosofia da Linguagem: Problemas fundamentais do método sociológico na ciência da linguagem. Tradução do russo por Sheila Grillo e Ekaterina Vólkova Américo. São Paulo: Editora 34, 2017.Recebido em 14-12-2018.Aceito em 27-02-2019.

scholarly journals Neo-Orientalist Framing of the 2011 and 2013 Egyptian Uprisings: A Case Study of The New York Times and The Washington Post

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamta Gelashvili
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
The Us

This thesis critically examines the US media framing of the Egyptian Uprisings in 2011 and 2013 to examine whether the coverage was relatively value-neutral or had a value-laden (Neo-Orientalist) perspective. The thesis aims to examine whether the Neo-Orientalist tendency among the Western societies to view religion as the key driving force behind political processesis manifest in the US media as well, or whether the two newspapers try to represent the abovementioned political and economic processes and grievances. To this end, the thesis looks at the articles published in The New York Times and The Washington Post during and after two major events: Mubarak‟s resignation in 2011 and Morsi‟s removal in 2013. A combination of quantitative (content analysis) and qualitative (critical discourse analysis) research demonstrates that news articles and editorials about the 2011 and 2013 uprisings include Neo-Orientalist frames. These articles consider liberal democracy as a universal normative model and contrast it with Islam, portrayed as a fundamentally different, homogeneous and antidemocratic phenomenon linked with instability and violence and singlehandedly influencing democratization process. Compared to 2011, Neo-Orientalist frames become more frequent in 2013; if in 2011, most units adhere to Fukuyama‟s view that Egypt would join the teleological march to liberal democracy, in 2013, the trend reverses and most units, like Huntington, exclude any possibility of democratization. The textual practices of naming, sourcing, presupposition, fore- and backgrounding, used to construct Neo-Orientalist frames, can be related to discursive practices, or the production of text, and larger social practices. As critical discourse analysis shows, the units show pro-Israeli bias and align with the US foreign policy priorities: both the general policy of liberal democracy promotion and the specific strategic interests in Egypt.

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