Tracing the Past: Marcelo Brodsky's Photography as Memory Art

Paragraph ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerea Arruti
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
New Generation

Andreas Huyssen has called the Argentinian photographer Marcelo Brodsky's latest project, Nexo (2001), memory art, that is, a form of public mnemonic art that oscillates from installation, photography and monument to memorial, breaking artistic boundaries. The article will explore the role of photography in the field of human rights and the interspace between private and public spheres. Brodsky's work aims to reinstate the gaps in the collective spheres of recollection and this will be contextualized in his artistic production from the late 1970s onwards. Nexo follows on from the internationally acclaimed project Buena memoria (1997) that was also an attempt to create a bridge for the memory for the new generation of Argentinians. This contribution aims to explore how Brodsky's artistic production represents what the Argentinian sociologist Elizabeth Jelín has described as art that wants to create a symbolic space to mediate traumatic experiences.

Archive partisans: Forbidden histories and the promise of the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-265
Author(s):  
Sonja Hegasy
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
World War ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Past Injustices

Remembering past injustices has been regarded as central to overcoming intra-societal conflicts with the end of World War II. Since, memory has increasingly been charged as a means to achieve reconciliation. But only in recent years have archives, and here especially human rights archives, in the Mashreq and Maghreb moved from being semi-functional repositories for academics to become important loci for political activists to reappraise violence and injustice. The role of the archive in preserving or erasing personal memories is critically investigated by such activists. This article covers an emergent discourse on the memory milieus of violent conflict, war, and occupation extant in this region. In a selective overview covering Morocco, the Western Sahara, Lebanon, and Egypt, it asks what the visibility of violent experiences means for the wider social context and how traumatic pasts are re-socialized through private and public archiving initiatives. The author investigates the archive less as a place of storage than as a milieu around which various actors conceptualize the past and struggle over future justice.

Provision of Remedies for Violation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: A Comparative Study of the United Nations, Inter-American and African Human Rights Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-318
Author(s):  
Roman Girma Teshome
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Regional Monitoring ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
To Receive

The effectiveness of human rights adjudicative procedures partly, if not most importantly, hinges upon the adequacy of the remedies they grant and the implementation of those remedies. This assertion also holds water with regard to the international and regional monitoring bodies established to receive individual complaints related to economic, social and cultural rights (hereinafter ‘ESC rights’ or ‘socio-economic rights’). Remedies can serve two major functions: they are meant, first, to rectify the pecuniary and non-pecuniary damage sustained by the particular victim, and second, to resolve systematic problems existing in the state machinery in order to ensure the non-repetition of the act. Hence, the role of remedies is not confined to correcting the past but also shaping the future by providing reforming measures a state has to undertake. The adequacy of remedies awarded by international and regional human rights bodies is also assessed based on these two benchmarks. The present article examines these issues in relation to individual complaint procedures that deal with the violation of ESC rights, with particular reference to the case laws of the three jurisdictions selected for this work, i.e. the United Nations, Inter-American and African Human Rights Systems.

Quantifying sources and sinks of trace gases using space-borne measurements: current and future science

2008 ◽  
Vol 366 (1885) ◽  
pp. 4509-4528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul I Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Trace Gases ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
New Generation

We have been observing the Earth's upper atmosphere from space for several decades, but only over the past decade has the necessary technology begun to match our desire to observe surface air pollutants and climate-relevant trace gases in the lower troposphere, where we live and breathe. A new generation of Earth-observing satellites, capable of probing the lower troposphere, are already orbiting hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface with several more ready for launch or in the planning stages. Consequently, this is one of the most exciting times for the Earth system scientists who study the countless current-day physical, chemical and biological interactions between the Earth's land, ocean and atmosphere. First, I briefly review the theory behind measuring the atmosphere from space, and how these data can be used to infer surface sources and sinks of trace gases. I then present some of the science highlights associated with these data and how they can be used to improve fundamental understanding of the Earth's climate system. I conclude the paper by discussing the future role of satellite measurements of tropospheric trace gases in mitigating surface air pollution and carbon trading.

scholarly journals Rola języka w uwalnianiu się z dziedzicznych traum

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2(65)) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcol
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The Role of Language in Releasing from Inherited Traumas. Negotiations of the Social Position of the Silesian Minority in Serbian Banat The aim of the paper is to show the dependence between language, collective memory (also post-memory) and sense of identity. This issue is analysed using the example of an ethnic minority living in the village of Ostojićevo (Banat, Serbia) called ‘Toutowie.’ Their ancestors came in the 19th century from Wisła (Silesian Cieszyn, Poland); they left their homes because of great hunger and were looking for jobs in Banat. Narratives about the past contain traumatic experiences of the past generations transmitted in the Silesian dialect and constituting communicative memory. At the same time, a new Polish national identity is being constructed, supported by institutions and authorities; it carries a new image of the world and creates a new cultural memory. This new identity – shaped on the basis of national categories – leads to changes of its self-identification and gives the opportunity to raise its social position in the multi-ethnic Banat community.

Dissociative fugue of the patient of maternity ward - A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
M. Załuska ◽  
R. Żurko ◽  
M. Kuroń ◽  
G. Jakiel ◽  
A. Dudel
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Past History ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunctions ◽  
The Past ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Conscious Control

IntroductionMothers after childbearing are vulnerable to many stress related disorders.Objectiveto emphasize the role of the past obstetric complications, as so present infant pathology as risk factors for the mother's post partum stress related disorders.MethodsThe case analysis.Case descriptionThe thirty-year-old, women left the maternity ward with her baby unnoticed on the fourth day after giving birth. She was referred to psychiatry ward, after finding her by the police. In the past history the patient had spontaneous miscarriage in the first pregnancy. She has waited with her husband 6 years long for the next baby. The second pregnancy was at risk, the labor was premature and the infant has palatoschisis. The mother had difficulties with feeding. She feared about baby's life, and had feeling of being neglected by the staff. In psychiatry ward she did not reveal any symptoms of mental illness. She was interested in her child, however the period of the flight was covered with memory gap. The predominance of immature defense mechanisms, as so mild cognitive dysfunctions were revealed in psychological testing. The dissociative fugue was diagnosed. The patient was discharged without any medication to ambulatory psychotherapy.CommentaryThe interaction of past and present traumatic experiences in the patient with cognitive dysfunctions and immature defense mechanisms could impair ability of post-partum coping with fear about the child and consequently led to the loss of conscious control over the memory. Early diagnosing and supporting problematic patients of the maternity ward is needed.

“I Know I Can’t Change the Future, But I Can Change the Past”: Toni Morrison, Robin Coste Lewis, and the Classical Tradition

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Grace McGowan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Toni Morrison ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Black Female ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Generation

Abstract “A central figure in transnational intellectual history” (Roynon, 2013), Toni Morrison’s oeuvre has helped deconstruct the triangulated relationship between a European Graeco-Roman classical tradition, Africa, and America. Morrison’s deconstruction of the classical past and its aesthetics have laid the foundation for the reconstructive work of a new generation of writers, including Robin Coste Lewis. Both writers renegotiate and reclaim a classical aesthetic by recovering its African roots and situating it in an African American context. In addition, the article (1) examines the role of a classical aesthetic in beauty discourse and Robin Coste Lewis’s re-vision of the black female body and (2) addresses what this means for canonicity, linking Lewis’s ambivalence about reclaiming a classical aesthetic to Morrison’s ambivalence in “Unspeakable Things Unspoken” (1987).

Re-Conceptualizing the Right to Seek and Obtain Asylum in International Law

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-332
Author(s):  
Salvatore Fabio Nicolosi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Court ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
The Right ◽  
Human Rights Standards

Over the past few years the issue of asylum has progressively become interrelated with human rights. Asylum-related stresses, including refugee flows and mass displacements, have mitigated the traditional idea of asylum as an absolute state right, in so far as international human rights standards of protection require that states may have the responsibility to provide asylum seekers with protection. Following this premise, the article argues that the triggering factor of such overturning is significantly represented by the judicial approach to the institution of asylum by regional human rights courts. After setting the background on the interrelation of asylum with human rights, this article conceptualises the right to asylum as derived from the principle of non-refoulement and to this extent it delves into the role of the two regional human rights courts, notably the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR), in order to explore whether an emerging judicial cross-fertilisation may contribute to re-conceptualisation of the right to asylum from a human rights perspective.

Narrating atrocity: Genocide memorials, dark tourism, and the politics of memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kenyon Lischer
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Memory ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
International Interactions

AbstractAfter a genocide, leaders compete to fill the postwar power vacuum and establish their preferred story of the past. Memorialisation, including through building memorials, provides a cornerstone of political power. The dominant public narrative determines the plotline; it labels victims and perpetrators, interprets history, assigns meaning to suffering, and sets the post-atrocity political agenda. Therefore, ownership of the past, in terms of the public account, is deeply contested. Although many factors affect the emergence of a dominant atrocity narrative, this article highlights the role of international interactions with genocide memorials, particularly how Western visitors, funders, and consultants influence the government's narrative. Western consumption of memorials often reinforces aspects of dark tourism that dehumanise victims and discourage adequate context for the uninformed visitor. Funding and consultation provided by Western states and organisations – while offering distinct benefits – tends to encourage a homogenised atrocity narrative, which reflects the values of the global human rights regime and existing standards of memorial design rather than privileging the local particularities of the atrocity experience. As shown in the cases of Rwanda, Cambodia, and Bosnia, Western involvement in public memory projects often strengthens the power of government narratives, which control the present by controlling the past.

scholarly journals Climate Litigation in Financial Markets: A Typology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Solana
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Sustainable Finance ◽  
New Research

AbstractOver the past few years, the number of climate cases being filed against corporations and public authorities around the world has been on the rise. Aware of the central role of finance in economic development, the financial sector has remained vigilant. Traditionally, climate litigation in financial markets had been rare, but that seems to be changing: in 2018 there were more cases filed than in any previous year. The development of existing and forthcoming private and public sector initiatives with the aim of promoting sustainable finance may usher in even greater numbers in the next few years. This article provides the first systematic overview of climate cases in financial markets and introduces a typology to classify this type of climate case. This classification reveals common issues across different financial systems and raises questions for further enquiry that define a new research area within the emerging literature on climate litigation.

Blurring Boundaries of Private and Public Spheres in Social Networking: Facebook Portrayal in Focus

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
FE MONIQUE MUSNI TAGAYTAY
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

The phenomenon of globalization has never been felt before than it is today.The prime mover of this phenomenon is the Internet, and it is not an exaggerationto state that this form of media has revolutionized the access to information. Thisstudy examined the practices of selected college students who reflect an overlappingof public and private spheres in their use of Facebook. Through this study, theneed to look into the way privacy is viewed is addressed. This case study analyzedthe experiences of the selected student-informants from the University of theImmaculate Conception (UIC) and reported their detailed views. This is doneto get a holistic picture of the blurring of social and private spheres broughtabout by increased user self-disclosure. The study reveals that the informants stillfind privacy important but seem to take a background with their perception ofabsolute freedom when using social media, which seems to be the point where the blurring of private and public spheres occurs. The results of the study also show that the role of the individual as gatekeeper and filter of information is central tothe content of social media, placing a high premium on media literacy of socialmedia users.Keywords: Communication, social media, Facebook, privacy, descriptive-qualitative design, Philippines, Asia

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