STUDI LAJU DEKOMPOSISI SERASAH DAUN MANGROVE TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN DETRITUS MANGROVE DIDAERAH TELUK KENDARI

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Agus Supriyadi ◽  
Muhammad Ramli ◽  
La Ode Baytul Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Litter Bag

Mangrove memiliki peran yang khas di ekosistem pantai yakni adanya serasah daun yang mengalami dekomposisi dengan bantuan bakteri dan fungi. Dekomposisi merupakan proses penghancuran bahan organik mati yang dilakukan oleh agen biologi maupun fisika menjadi bahan-bahan mineral organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju dekomposisi serasah daun mangrove berdasarkan waktu, serta mengetahui ketersediaan detritus berdasarkan laju dekomposisi dan banyaknya serasah daun mangrove yang jatuh di kawasan mangrove Teluk Kendari. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2019 s.d Januari 2020. Metode penelitian inimenggunakan jaring perangkap serasah untuk mengetahui produksi serasah dan menggunakan litter-bag untuk menyimpan serasah daun yang akan dihitung laju dekomposisinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa laju dekomposisi berdasarkan waktu pengamatan pada stasiun penelitian berbeda. Pada stasiun I, nilai berat kering akhir lebih kecil dibanding Stasiun II yaitu 0.12 gr/hari pada Stasiun I dan 0.25 gr/hari pada Stasiun II. Untuk produksi detritus pada stasiun penelitian tidak jauh berbeda yaitu 5,02 gram  pada Stasiun I dan 4,82 gram pada Stasiun II.Kata Kunci: detritus;laju dekomposisi; mangrove; serasah daun

scholarly journals Species Diversity Induces Idiosyncratic Effects on Litter Decomposition in a Degraded Meadow Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqra Naeem ◽  
Talal Asif ◽  
Xuefeng Wu ◽  
Nazim Hassan ◽  
Liu Yiming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Decomposition Dynamics ◽  
Litter Mixing

Litter decomposition is a fundamental path for nutrient cycling in a natural ecosystem. However, it remains unclear how species diversity, including richness and evenness, affects the decomposition dynamics in the context of grassland degradation. Using a litter bag technique, we investigated the litter-mixing effects of two coexisting dominant species (Leymus chinensis Lc and Phragmites australis Pa), as monocultures and mixtures with evenness (Lc:Pa) from M1 (30:70%), M2 (50:50%), and M3 (70:30%), on decomposition processes over time (60 and 365 days). The litter bags were placed on the soil surface along a degradation gradient [near pristine (NP), lightly degraded (LD), and highly degraded (HD)]. We found that 1) mass loss in mixture compositions was significantly and positively correlated with initial nitrogen (N) and cellulose contents; 2) litter mixing (richness and evenness) influenced decomposition dynamics individually and in interaction with the incubation days and the degradation gradients; 3) in a general linear model (GLM), nonadditive antagonistic effects were more prominent than additive or neutral effects in final litter and nutrients except for carbon (C); and 4) in nutrients (C, N, lignin) and C/N ratio, additive effects shifted to nonadditive with incubation time. We speculated that the occurrence of nonadditive positive or negative effects varied with litter and nutrients mass remaining in each degraded gradient under the mechanism of initial litter quality of monoculture species, soil properties of experimental sites, and incubation time. Our study has important implications for grassland improvement and protection by considering species biodiversity richness, as well as species evenness.

scholarly journals Flower litters of alpine plants affect soil nitrogen and phosphorus rapidly in the eastern Tibetan Plateau

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinniu Wang ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Fusun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Eastern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Pool ◽  
Litter Addition ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Soil Nutrition

Abstract. Litters of reproductive organs have been rarely studied, despite their role in allocating nutrients for offspring reproduction. This study determines the mechanism through which flower litters efficiently increase the available soil nutrient pool. Field experiments were conducted to collect plant litters and calculate biomass production in an alpine meadow of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, lignin, cellulose, and their relevant ratios of litters were analyzed to identify their decomposition features. A pot experiment was performed to determine the effects of litter addition on soil nutrition pool by comparison between the treated and control samples. Litter-bag method was used to verify decomposition rates. The flower litters of phanerophyte plants were comparable with non-flower litters. Biomass partitioning of other herbaceous species accounted for 10%–40% of the aboveground biomass. Flower litter possessed significantly higher N and P levels but less C/N, N/P, lignin/N, and lignin and cellulose concentrations than leaf litter. Flower litter fed soil nutrition pool more efficiently because of their faster decomposition rate and higher nutrient contents. Litter-bag experiment confirmed that the flower litters of Rhododendron przewalskii and Meconopsis integrifolia decomposes approximately three times faster than mixed litters within 50 days. Moreover, the findings of the pot experiment indicated that flower litter addition significantly increased the available nutrient pool. Flower litter influenced nutrition cycling in alpine ecosystems, as evident by its non-ignorable production and significantly faster decomposition. The underlying mechanism can enrich nutrients, which return to the soil, and non-structural carbohydrates, which feed and enhance the transitions of soil microorganisms.

scholarly journals Litter mixing effect on decomposition rate and nutrient release: low quality leaves of coastal species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wei
Keyword(s):  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Litter Mixtures ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Litter Mixing

Coastal wetlands are among the most carbon-rich ecosystems in the world. Litter decomposition is a major process controlling soil carbon input. Litter mixing has shown a non-additive effect on the litter decomposition of terrestrial plants particularly of those species having contrasting litter quality. But the non-additive effect has been rarely tested in coastal plants which generally having low-quality litters. We selected three common mangrove species and one saltmarsh species, co-occurring in subtropical coasts, to test whether the non-additive effect occurs when the litters of these coastal species mixing together. We are also concerned whether the changes in the decomposition rate of litter will affect the nutrient contents in waters. A litter-bag experiment was carried out in a glasshouse with single and mixed leaf litters. A non-additive effect was observed in the litter mixtures of mangrove species Aegiceras corniculatum vs. Kandelia obovata (antagonistic) and A. corniculatum vs. Avicennia marina (synergistic). Whereas, the mixture of A. corniculatum (mangrove species) and Spartina alterniflora (saltmarsh species) showed an additive effect. The strength of the non-additive effect was unrelated to the initial trait dissimilarity of litters. Instead, the decomposition rate and mass remaining of litter mixtures were strongly related to the carbon concentrations in litters. Nutrient content in waters was dependent on the decomposition rate of litter mixtures but not on the initial nutrient concentrations in litters. Despite the behind mechanisms were not yet revealed by the current study, these findings have improved our understanding of the litter decomposition of coastal species and the consequent nutrient release.

LEAF LITTER DYNAMICS IN WESTERN BLACK SEA MOUNTAINOUS FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat SARGINCI ◽  
Oktay YILDIZ ◽  
Doğanay TOLUNAY ◽  
Bülent TOPRAK ◽  
Şule TEMÜR
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Decomposition Rate Constant ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Fagus Orientalis Lipsky ◽  
Time Periods

This study aimed to estimate leaf litter decomposition rates in eastern beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) mixed stands in Düzce-Akçakoca, located in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. The sampling areas represent four different elevations and two aspects at each elevation. Amounts of annual beech and chestnut litter fall were estimated as 5.19 Mg ha-1 and 4.61 Mg ha-1, respectively. Litter decomposition was examined over five time periods (0.25, 0.50, 1.25, 2.25, and 4.25 years) by using the litter bag method. The amount of remaining beech leaf litter mass was found to be 1.1, 1.2, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.3 times greater than the amount of chestnut leaf litter, respectively. However, estimated values for the decomposition rate-constant (k) of chestnut for all time periods were found to be approximately 1.5 times greater than those of beech leaf litter. Litter in beech stands decomposed more rapidly at higher elevations during the first year, but at lower elevations in the second year, likely due to increased temperature and precipitation for the corresponding years. Leaf litter in chestnut stands decomposed more rapidly at lower elevations in the second and fourth year, reflecting higher precipitation of those years.

Leaf-litter accretion and decomposition in interior and coastal old-growth redwood stands

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Pillers ◽  
John D. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Litter Fall ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Mass Balance Method ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Mass Balance Analysis

Litter fall and litter decomposition were measured in old-growth coastal redwood (Sequoiasempervirens (D. Don) Endl.) forests. Hillside and bottomland areas at inland and coastal locations were selected as representative sites. Both litter-bag and insitu mass-balance analyses were used to determine decomposition rates. Average annual litter fall at the four sites ranged from 3120 to 4690 kg•ha−1•year−1. Decomposition rate constants (k) calculated from the mass-balance analysis ranged from 0.117 to 0.238 year−1. Values of k estimated from the litter-bag analysis ranged from 0.273 to 0.405 year−1. Equilibrium litter loads from mass-balance analysis ranged from 15 700 to 30 000 kg•ha−1. Equilibrium litter loads estimated from litter-bag analysis ranged from 7760 to 14 500 kg•ha−1. Litter-layer equilibrium was between 12 and 26 years using the mass-balance analysis and between 7 and 11 years with the litter-bag study. The mass-balance method for calculating decomposition constants showed that litter at coastal sites decomposed faster than at inland sites. There were no differences between upland and bottomland sites. The litter-bag method, in contrast, indicated that litter at inland sites decomposed faster than at coastal sites. Significant regressions of litter decomposition constants as functions of summer average relative humidity, temperature, vapor-pressure deficit, and litter moisture were found with the mass-balance method. There were no significant regressions of temperature and moisture variables with litter decomposition constants calculated with the litter-bag analysis.

Decomposition of Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis in the littoral zone of a shallow lake

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edit Ágoston-Szabó ◽  
Mária Dinka
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Ets Activity ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Decomposition Processes

AbstractDecomposition of air-dried live Typha angustifolia (L) stems and leaves and Phragmites australis (Cav. Trin ex Steud.) leaves and culms were studied in a shallow freshwater lake (Lake Fehér, Fertő-Hanság National Park, Hungary) using the litter bag technique. Samples were analyzed for dry mass, fiber (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin) and nutrient (C, N, P, S) contents, litter-associated fungal biomass (ergosterol concentration), potential microbial respiration (electron transport activity: ETS) and cellulolytic bacteria. In terms of mesh size, there were no significant differences in the examined parameters of P. australis leaves and culms and T. angustifolia stems with leaves. P. australis leaves had the highest rate of decomposition and P. australis culms the lowest. Hemicellulose degraded more rapidly than the other fibers, while the lignin had the slowest rate of decomposition.The ETS activity of the examined plant litter types increased from day 91st to 237th while decomposition processes were most active, ergosterol contents were high, and there were few cellulolytic bacteria. The counts of cellulolytic bacteria fluctuated during the decomposition period, they were high at the beginning then they decreased. In each case bacteria were found to be the first colonizers of plant detritus, and were followed by fungal growth.

Mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of decaying litter of grasslands: the apparent low nitrogen immobilization potential of root detritus

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Seastedt ◽  
W. J. Parton ◽  
D. S. Ojima
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Nitrogen Immobilization ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Litter-bag studies and simulation modeling were used to examine the relationship between mass loss and nitrogen content of decaying prairie foliage and root litter. In contrast with forest studies, grassland roots were low in lignin and nitrogen, decayed more rapidly than foliage, and demonstrated very low nitrogen immobilization potentials. Our findings agree with reports indicating that buried substrates with high C:N ratios do not immobilize substantial amounts of nitrogen and that nitrogen-limited environments induce steeper slopes in the mass loss – nitrogen concentration relationship. However, results suggesting rapid nitrogen mineralization contradict our own studies demonstrating reduced inorganic nitrogen availability in soils of frequently burned prairie. Simulation of observed patterns using the CENTURY grassland model indicated that these results could not occur without creating soil organic matter with unrealistically high C:N ratios. Litter-bag studies of buried substrates therefore may provide an incomplete perspective on the mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of buried litter in grassland and agroecosystem soils. Key words: Andropogon gerardii, C:N ratio, decomposition, immobilization, mineralization, nitrogen.

In situ studies on the breakdown ofNymphoides peltata (Gmel.) O. Kuntze (Menyanthaceae); Some methodological aspects of the litter bag technique

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. C. M. Brock ◽  
C. A. M. Huijbregts ◽  
M. J. H. A. Steeg-Huberts ◽  
M. A. Vlassak
Keyword(s):  
Litter Bag ◽  
In Situ Studies ◽  
Methodological Aspects
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