Assessment of the Sludge Reduction of the Metabolic Uncoupler 3,3′,4′,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS) in Activated Sludge Culture

Batch experiments were completed to assess the sludge reduction of the metabolic uncoupler 3,3′,4′,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS). The effects of various TCS concentrations on sludge yield were evaluated and the mechanisms associated with sludge reduction were assessed. We discovered that TCS addition resulted in a reduction in sludge. Furthermore, a low dose of TCS (≤3 mg/L) resulted in a slight reduction in the efficiency of the wastewater treatment system, while >3 mg/L TCS reduced matrix removal efficiency, with an especially remarkable inhibition effect on ammonia removal. An increase in TCS addition was associated with a gradual decrease in both the electron transport system (ETS) activity and the specific cellular ATP (SATP) in the TCS system. It was demonstrated that TCS plays an important role in metabolic uncoupling. However, with the addition of TCS, both contents and compositions were increased, and the protein content increased more than polysaccharide production in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). At TCS concentrations of ≤3 mg/L, DNA content was stable, but it increased rapidly from 4.97 mg/L to 15.34 mg/L as the TCS concentration was elevated from 6 mg/L to 12 mg/L. This implied that the mechanisms of sludge reduction were different for different TCS concentrations, including uncoupling metabolism, maintenance metabolism and lysis–cryptic growth.

Aplikasi Ticket System untuk Engineering Test Service (ETS) pada PT. Honeywell Aerospace Indonesia

Sistem manajemen Engineering Test Service Activity pada perusahaan yang dilakukan masih belum terstruktur dan dengan proses manual akan menyebabkan system penyimpanan data Ticket dan Repair maupun data perawatan (Preventive Maintenance) serta data Calibration, juga pencarian data serta pembuatan sangat memakan waktu yang lama. Hal ini tentu akan sangat merugikan perusahaan karena akan berdampak pada output produksi sehingga kurang memuaskan semua perusahaan-perusahan asing yang menjadi pelanggan PT. Honeywell Aerospace Indonesia yang merupakan perusahaan bergerak dalam bidang eletronik untuk pembuatan instrument navigasi pesawat terbang. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk membangun suatu program aplikasi yang paling diminati dan popular untuk mempercepat terlaksananya suatu proses. Program aplikasi yang digunakan dibangun dengan metode inputan yang terstruktur dan juga yang secara otomatis sudah ada dan tinggal mencetak saat di butuhkan. Aplikasi manajemen Engineering Test Service (ETS) Activity dapat memberikan hasil yang baik dalam pengolahan data yang dibutuhkan. Sofware yang digunakan oleh penulis sebagai alat bantu dalam penelitian ini adalah Applikasi Program Visual Basic Access database. Hasil akhir dari penelitian adalah berupa suatu program aplikasi yang dapat mengolah data dan menyajikan data secara instan dengan hanya klik dengan form menu satu untuk semua (one for all).

Abundance and physiology of dominant soft corals linked to water quality in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

Declining water quality is one of the main reasons of coral reef degradation in the Thousand Islands off the megacity Jakarta, Indonesia. Shifts in benthic community composition to higher soft coral abundances have been reported for many degraded reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific. However, it is not clear to what extent soft coral abundance and physiology are influenced by water quality. In this study, live benthic cover and water quality (i.e. dissolved inorganic nutrients (DIN), turbidity (NTU), and sedimentation) were assessed at three sites (< 20 km north of Jakarta) in Jakarta Bay (JB) and five sites along the outer Thousand Islands (20–60 km north of Jakarta). This was supplemented by measurements of photosynthetic yield and, for the first time, respiratory electron transport system (ETS) activity of two dominant soft coral genera,Sarcophytonspp. andNephtheaspp. Findings revealed highly eutrophic water conditions in JB compared to the outer Thousand Islands, with 44% higher DIN load (7.65 μM/L), 67% higher NTU (1.49 NTU) and 47% higher sedimentation rate (30.4 g m−2d−1). Soft corals were the dominant type of coral cover within the bay (2.4% hard and 12.8% soft coral cover) compared to the outer Thousand Islands (28.3% hard and 6.9% soft coral cover). Soft coral abundances, photosynthetic yield, and ETS activity were highly correlated with key water quality parameters, particularly DIN and sedimentation rates. The findings suggest water quality controls the relative abundance and physiology of dominant soft corals in JB and may thus contribute to phase shifts from hard to soft coral dominance, highlighting the need to better manage water quality in order to prevent or reverse phase shifts.

Study on the Relationship between the Activity Change of CAT and INT-ETS in Different Sludge System by Using SBR Process

Through the determination of CAT activity and INT-ETS activity in SBR system to discuss respectively the relationship between the activity change of CAT and INT-ETS in the conventional activated sludge and humus activated sludge activity, the experimental results indicate that there are bigger differences between the changing rules of CAT activity and INT-ETS activity in the conventional activated sludge, but feature points appear on both of the changing curves, and CAT activity and INT-ETS activity are significantly positive correlation. So are CAT activity and INT-ETS activity in the humus activated sludge.

Variation of TTC-ETS Activity of Activated Sludge in SBR Process

Changing rule and activity status of biological activity of activated sludge in SBR process were studied by the determination of TTC-ETS activity. The results indicate that TTC-ETS activity can reflect effectively the biochemical reaction course of SBR process. Biological activity of organic matter biodegradation, nitrification and denitrification course in SBR process is reduced in order. Operational conditions cannot influence the changing rule of TTC-ETS activity, but the time of the appearance of break points marking different reaction course in profile and the average biological activity are influenced.