Effects of Pelleting, Lactose Level, Polyethylene Glycol 4000, and Guar Gum Compared to Pectin on Growth Performances, Energy Values, and Losses of Lactose, Lactic Acid, and Water in Chickens

Poly (lactic acid) or PLA was reinforced by nanocellulose and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which were introduced into PLA matrix from 0 to 3 wt.% to enhance compatibility and strength of the PLA. The nanocellulose was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder and characterized by TEM, AFM, and XRD to reveal rod-like shaped nanocellulose with nanosized dimensions, high aspect ratio and high crystallinity. Films of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting method to evaluate the mechanical performance. It was found that the addition of PEG in nanocellulose-containing PLA films resulted in an increase in tensile modulus with only 1 wt% of PEG, where higher PEG concentrations negatively impacted the tensile strength. Furthermore, the tensile strength and modulus of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were higher than the PLA/PEG composites due to the existence of nanocellulose chains. Visual traces of crazing were detailed to describe the deformation mechanism.

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Poly(l-lactic acid)-polyethylene glycol-poly(l-lactic acid) triblock copolymer: A novel macromolecular plasticizer to enhance the crystallization of poly(l-lactic acid)

European Polymer Journal ◽

10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.10.025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 97 ◽

pp. 272-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Le Li ◽

Zhi-Qiang Cao ◽

Rui-Ying Bao ◽

Bang-Hu Xie ◽

Ming-Bo Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Triblock Copolymer

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EFFECT OF SELECTED POLYMERS ON DISSOLUTION AND STABILIZATION OF AMORPHOUS FORM OF MELOXICAM

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i9.18621 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Rana Obaidat ◽

Bashar Al-taani ◽

Hanan Al-quraan

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Solid Dispersions ◽

Dissolution Profile ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Polyethylene Glycol 4000 ◽

Amorphous Form ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Low Solubility ◽

Reproducible Manner

Objective: Meloxicam is classified as class II corresponding to its high permeability and low solubility (12μg/ml). This study aims to compare the effect of selected polymers on stabilization of amorphous form, and dissolution of meloxicam by preparation of different solid dispersions using selected polymers (chitosan oligomers, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, and polyethylene glycols).Methods: These solid dispersions were prepared using two different methods; solvent evaporation method for the two molecular weights chitosan carriers (16 and 11KDa) and polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 and melting method for the two different molecular weights polyethylene glycol (4000 and 6000). The physicochemical properties of solid dispersions were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infra-red analysis, Powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Selected dispersions were then compared to two selected marketed drugs (Mobic® and Moven®).Results: Best dissolution rates were obtained for both polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 and polyethylene glycol 6000, followed by chitosan 16 kDa, chitosan 11 kDa, and polyethylene glycol 4000. Increasing polymeric ratio increased dissolution rate except for chitosan. Precipitation of the drug as amorphous form occurred in chitosan and polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 dispersions, while no change in crystallinity obtained for polyethylene glycol dispersions. Failure of polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 in the maintenance of stability during storage time was observed while re-crystallization occurred in chitosan-based dispersions, which ends with preferences to polyethylene glycol dispersions. After comparing the release of selected dispersions with the two selected polymers; all dispersions got a higher release than that of the two marketed drugs release.Conclusion: The dissolution profile of meloxicam has been increased successfully in a reproducible manner.

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Synthesis of polylactic acid-diol (PLA-diol) from lactic acid and 1,4-butanediol

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v19i4.593 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 58-65

Author(s):

Ha Thi Thai La

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

1H Nmr ◽

Biodegradable Polymer ◽

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Chain Extension ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

A Chain

In this research, the PLA-diol were synthesized from lactic acid (LA) and 1.4 butanediols (BD) with a tin octoate Sn(Oct)2 catalyst at a temperature of 180 °C and the pressure 5 mmHg. The structure and properties of PLA-diol are analyzed by the following methods: GPC, 1H-NMR and DSC. As a result, with the change in the content of Sn (Oct)2 from 0.1 to 1.0%, the molecular weight Mn of PLA - diol increased gradually from 4.119,2 to 7.359,6 g / mol . In addition, the BD content increased from 2.0% to 5.0%, the average molecular weight of the product decreased gradually from 7.536,9 g / mol to 4.735 g / mol, respectively. This change will affect the ability to use PLA-diol in the next denaturation research to apply in the field of biodegradable polymer such as copolymer with polyurethane, copolymer with polyethylene glycol diacid, or chain extension with other polymer in a chain reaction,...

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