scholarly journals pH VARIATION INHIBITS THE MYCELIAL GROWTH OF FUSARIUM SPP. AND COCHLIOBOLUS SATIVUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
Nachaat Sakr
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Ph Variation

scholarly journals Competition Between Fusarium pseudograminearum and Cochliobolus sativus Observed in Field and Greenhouse Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Gunnink Troth ◽  
Jeffrey A. Johnston ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Respective Species

Among root pathogens, one of the most documented antagonisms is the suppression of Cochliobolus sativus by Fusarium (roseum) species. Unfortunately, previous studies involved single isolates of each pathogen and thus, provided no indication of the spectrum of responses that occur across the respective species. To investigate the variability in interactions between Cochliobolus sativus and Fusarium pseudograminearum, field and greenhouse trials were conducted that included monitoring of spring wheat plant health and monitoring of pathogen populations via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The interactions between two isolates of C. sativus and four isolates of F. pseudograminearum were explored in three geographically distinct wheat fields. To complement field trials and to limit potentially confounding environmental variables that are often associated with field studies, greenhouse trials were performed that investigated the interactions among and between three isolates of C. sativus and four isolates of F. pseudograminearum. Across field locations, C. sativus isolate Cs2344 consistently and significantly reduced Fusarium populations by an average of 20.1%. Similarly, F. pseudograminearum isolate Fp2228 consistently and significantly reduced C. sativus field populations by an average of 30.9%. No interaction was detected in the field between pathogen species with regards to disease or crop losses. Greenhouse results confirmed a powerful (>99%), broadly effective suppression of Fusarium populations by isolate Cs2344. Among greenhouse trials, additional isolate–isolate interactions were observed affecting Fusarium populations. Due to lower C. sativus population sizes in greenhouse trials, significant Fusarium suppression of C. sativus was only detected in one isolate–isolate interaction. This study is the first to demonstrate suppression of Fusarium spp. by C. sativus in field and greenhouse settings. These findings also reveal a complex competitive interaction between these two pathogen species that was previously unknown.

scholarly journals Indole-Containing Phytoalexin-Based Bioisosteres as Antifungals: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation against Fusarium oxysporum

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Andrea Angarita-Rodríguez ◽  
Diego Quiroga ◽  
Ericsson Coy-Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Molecular Mechanic ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Molecular Interaction Fields ◽  
Poisson Boltzmann

There is a continuous search for more reliable and effective alternatives to control phytopathogens through different strategies. In this context, indole-containing phytoalexins are stimuli-induced compounds implicated in plant defense against plant pathogens. However, phytoalexins’ efficacy have been limited by fungal detoxifying mechanisms, thus, the research on bioisosteres-based analogs can be a friendly alternative regarding the control of Fusarium phytopathogens, but there are currently few studies on it. Thus, as part of our research on antifungal agents, a set of 21 synthetic indole-containing phytoalexin analogs were evaluated as inhibitors against the phyopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Results indicated that analogs of the N,N-dialkylthiourea, N,S-dialkyldithiocarbamate and substituted-1,3-thiazolidin-5-one groups exhibited the best docking scores and interaction profiles within the active site of Fusarium spp. enzymes. Vina scores exhibited correlation with experimental mycelial growth inhibition using supervised statistics, and this antifungal dataset correlated with molecular interaction fields after CoMFA. Compound 24 (tert-butyl (((3-oxo-1,3-diphenylpropyl)thio)carbonothioyl)-l-tryptophanate), a very active analog against F. oxysporum, exhibited the best interaction with lanosterol 14α-demethylase according to molecular docking, molecular dynamics and molecular mechanic/poisson-boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) binding energy performance. After data analyses, information on mycelial growth inhibitors, structural requirements and putative enzyme targets may be used in further antifungal development based on phytoalexin analogs for controlling phytopathogens.

scholarly journals Fusarium spp. Causing Dry Rot of Seed Potato Tubers in Michigan and Their Sensitivity to Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1767-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gachango ◽  
L. E. Hanson ◽  
A. Rojas ◽  
J. J. Hao ◽  
W. W. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Potato Storage ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Prevalent Species ◽  
Isolated Species ◽  
Storage Facilities

A survey of seed potato tubers in Michigan seed production storage facilities was carried out during 2009 and 2010. Fusarium spp. associated with tuber dry rot symptoms were identified to species and tested for sensitivity to difenoconazole, fludioxonil, and thiabendazole. Symptomatic tubers (n = 370) were collected from a total of 51 seed lots, from which 228 isolates of Fusarium were recovered and identified to 11 species. Fusarium oxysporum was the most commonly isolated species (30.3%), followed by F. equiseti (19.3%). F. sambucinum and F. avenaceum were third most prevalent (each at 13.6%). Less prevalent species (each at 4 to 10%) included F. cerealis, F. solani, and F. acuminatum; and species present at ≤3% included F. sporotrichioides, F. torulosum, F. tricinctum, and F. graminearum. Representative isolates of all species were pathogenic when inoculated onto seed tubers (‘Dark Red Norland’). Isolates of F. sambucinum were the most virulent. All 228 isolates of Fusarium were sensitive to difenoconazole (effective fungicide concentration that caused 50% inhibition of mycelial growth [EC50] < 5 mg/liter). Insensitivity to fludioxonil (EC50 > 100 mg/liter) was detected only for F. sambucinum and F. oxysporum isolates at 8.9 and 20.4%, respectively. All isolates were sensitive to thiabendazole (EC50 < 5 mg/liter), except for those of F. sambucinum (EC50 > 100 mg/liter). Therefore, knowledge of what Fusarium spp. are present in seed potato storage facilities in Michigan may be important if using fludioxonil or thiabendazole for seed piece treatment but not when using difenoconazole.

Influence of some carbon sources on growth of Cochliobolus sativus

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-685
Author(s):  
R. V. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Agar Media

Four isolates of C. sativus were able to use a number of carbon sources to varying degrees with little evidence of a differential growth response by the isolates. With most carbon sources the response was different when growth on liquid media was compared with that on agar media. Dextrin and L-sorbose were exceptions as dextrin supported good growth with both types and L-sorbose poor with both. Lactose supported the best mycelial growth on liquid media and dextrin the best radial growth and sporulation on agar media when compared with sucrose.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Lippia palmeri Wats for the management of Fusarium spp. in chickpea sedes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-386
Author(s):  
Mirella Romero-Bastidas ◽  
Juan José Reyes-Perez ◽  
Esli Alexis Mayer-Felix ◽  
José Saúl Hernandez-Rubio ◽  
Pablo Misael Arce-Amezquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Agar Disc

Chickpea is a crop of world importance due to its nutritional value; however, seed and root diseases caused by Fusarium spp affect the harvest and for its control, synthetic fungicides are applied; nevertheless, natural products based on plant extracts may be an option for the sustainable management of this crop diseases. The objective of this research was to determine the in vitro and in vivo efficiency of the Lippia palmeri extract for the control of Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani in chickpea seeds. To PDA media, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm from ethanolic extract of L. palmeri plus one agar disc of each pathogen, and the inhibition of mycelial growth was quantified. Chickpea seeds were submerged in each concentration of L. palmeri for 5 and 10 min, later, each seed was inoculated with F. oxysporum and F. solani and the disease incidence and germinated seeds were determined. The three concentrations of L. palmeri inhibited both phytopathogens in vitro. In the seeds, L. palmeri ethanolic extract decreased the incidence of F. solani and kept germination above 80%. For F.oxysporum only the highest dose of the ethanolic extract and the longest exposure time decreased the incidence by 20 % and germination was less than 25 %.The ethanolic extract of L. palmeri can be an option to decrease diseases caused by phytopathogenic funguses of the soil in chickpea seeds.

RESISTANCE IN WHEAT TO COCHLIOBOLUS SATIVUS, A CAUSE OF COMMON ROOT ROT

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Sallans ◽  
R. D. Tinline
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
High Level

Resistance in wheat to Cochliobolus sativus, the main cause of common root rot in cereals, was shown to be a heritable character. Crosses were made between Thatcher, McMurachy, Willet, 492 (P.I. 94562-1), and 182 (PI. 4309), all of which have shown some resistance to C. sativus but can become heavily infected. The crosses gave rise to both highly resistant and highly susceptible lines that were consistent in their root-rot reaction at four or five locations over 2 years. A simple, practical method was evolved to determine the root-rot reactions of lines and it was basic to their selection. It relies upon natural field infections and is oriented to obtain a high level of disease of the plants. The pedigree method of plant breeding was used to overcome the problem posed by the tendency for many plants to escape infection. Isolations of organisms from lesions gave assurance that the observed resistance was for C. sativus and not for Fusarium spp., which may also cause common root rot. A simplified disease rating was used to record data on the basis of two classes, essentially, resistant and susceptible.

scholarly journals MYCELIAL GROWTH AND SPORULATION OF Fusarium spp. PATHOGENIC TO Ilex paraguariensis IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIA AND UNDER EXPOSURE TO DIFFERENT LIGHT LEVELS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ricardo Mezzomo ◽  
Jessica Mengue Rolim ◽  
Tales Poletto ◽  
Marilia Boff de Oliveira ◽  
Marilia Lazarotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Light Levels

Multiple infections of subcrown internodes of wheat (Triticum aestivum) by common root rot fungi

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Tinline
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Fusarium Sp

In the greenhouse, subcrown internodes of wheat plants were inoculated with Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.) Drechsler ex Dastur, Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc., F. acuminatum Ell. & Ev., or F. sulplureum Schlecht. and at various times subsequently with C. sativus; or the internodes were inoculated with C. sativus and subsequently with it or a Fusarium sp. Using isolation of the fungi as the criterion for infection, it was found that prepossession of the internode by C. sativus did not prevent later invasion by it or by the fusaria; however, C. sativus was a relatively unsuccessful challenger to F. culmorum and F. acuminatum. The results suggest that when C. sativus and one of these two Fusarium spp. appear together in isolations from common root rot diseased plants that the initial invader was C. sativus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document