THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH OF KENYA TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF KIRINYAGA DISTRICT, 1910-2010

Drawing on the theory of social capital, the initial attraction of Kirinyaga people to the Anglican Church of Kenya (ACK) mission centres were the schools, hospitals, demonstration gardens and artisan skills that imparted by missionaries. The ACK established Christian communities in Kirinyaga that became centres of early Christian converts and change. The Christian communities constituted “the germ of the missionary spirit.” The ‘new’ Christians would take a great deal of pleasure in spreading the “germ” to many communities in Kirinyaga, ‘infecting’the more susceptible of its members. Each Christian community endeavored to have a church, an elementary school, a hospital and a demonstration garden. This in itself was an extraordinary change. This study has presented evidence of Kirinyaga’s cultural, socio-economic and political homogeneity as fundamental part of traditional life. European settlement in Kenya made oppression and injustice virtually inevitable and mission response to African issues ranged from land and labor to taxation and wages. The Anglican CMS almost exclusively provided such public services as schooling, healthcare and agriculture. This study also discussed regionalization of ACK CCS as a concept of community development focusing on CCSMKE serving the whole community in Kirinyaga, with priority on the most disadvantaged parts of the region, whether or not there are any Anglican congregations in that region. One of the discussions advanced in this study, is that the Anglican Church in Kirinyaga should have concern for Kirinyaga people as the concern of her social gospel. The study articulates a “theology of development” which argues that social gospel that is based on exploitation and oppression of Kirinyaga people cannot be genuine social gospel.

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Jesus and Paul

10.1093/oso/9780197530832.003.0006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 139-170

Author(s):

Donald Senior

Keyword(s):

Literary Form ◽

Christian Community ◽

Early Christian ◽

Christian Communities ◽

Greco Roman ◽

Pastoral Letters ◽

Mediterranean World ◽

The New Testament ◽

Paul's Letters

The writings of Paul form a major part of the New Testament. This includes not only the so-called undisputed letters of Paul but also other letters attributed to him in antiquity that might have been written by later disciples of Paul citing him as author to evoke his apostolic authority. This chapter describes what we know of Paul’s life, beginning with his strong Jewish identity as well as his roots in the Greco-Roman world. Paul himself cites his inaugural visionary experience of the Risen Jesus as a decisive turning point in his life, leading him ultimately to be an ardent proclaimer of the gospel to the Gentile world. Paul’s letters to various early Christian communities in the Greco-Roman Mediterranean world served as extensions of his missionary efforts. Although fashioned in a different literary form than the gospel narratives, Paul’s letters also portray Jesus’s identity as both rooted in Judaism and exhibiting a unique transcendent character and purpose. Paul’s Christology focuses intensely on the significance of Jesus’s death and resurrection. The so-called deutero-Pauline Letters extend Paul’s theological vision; in the case of Colossians and Ephesians, situating the redemptive and reconciling role of Christ within the cosmos, and, in the case of the Pastoral Letters, bringing Paul’s exhortations about the life of the Christian community to some of the developing challenges of the late first-century church.

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Community Action, Development and Social Capital: A Healthy Community Perspective: Community Development and Electoral Power for a Healthy Community

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e416902005-815 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Alderman Billy Ocasio

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Community Development ◽

Community Action ◽

Electoral Power ◽

Healthy Community

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Community Radio and Social Capital Towards Community Development: Perspectives From India

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3553149 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Community Development ◽

Community Radio

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Sexual Defilement in Early Christian Texts

10.1093/oso/9780198791959.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Moshe Blidstein

Keyword(s):

Hebrew Bible ◽

Second Temple ◽

Second Century ◽

Sexual Ethics ◽

Christian Community ◽

Early Christian ◽

Greco Roman ◽

The Family ◽

Main Target ◽

Christian Society

Chapter 7 demonstrates that sexual sin became the main target for purity discourse in early Christian texts, and attempts to explain why. Christian imagery of sexual defilement drew from a number of traditions—Greco-Roman sexual ethics, imagery of sexual sin from the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple texts, and both Jewish and pagan purity laws, all seen through the lens of Paul’s imagery of sexuality and sexual sin. Two broad currents characterized Christian sexual ethics in the second century: one upheld marriage and the family as the basis for a holy Christian society and church, while the second rejected all sexuality, including in marriage. Writers of both currents made heavy use of defilement imagery. For the first, sexual sin was a dangerous defilement, contaminating the Christian community and severing it from God. For the second, more radical current, sexuality itself was the defilement; virginity or continence alone were pure.

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Slavery and Sexual Availability

The Oxford Handbook of New Testament, Gender, and Sexuality ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190213398.013.29 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 626-644

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Glancy

Keyword(s):

Roman Empire ◽

Social Status ◽

Sexual Exploitation ◽

Human Beings ◽

Social Morality ◽

Early Christian ◽

Christian Communities ◽

The Right

Any investigation of slavery in the Roman Empire must contend with the sexual exploitation of slaves endemic to the system. Given the diversity of ancient Christian attitudes toward sexuality, there is no reason to expect that a slaveholding ethos touched all Christian communities in a uniform fashion. At issue, however, is not whether the wider context of a slaveholding empire affected the formation of Christian attitudes toward sexuality. At issue is how. The purpose of this essay is to question whether early Christian silence on the issue should be construed as wholesale rejection of a system in which social status scripted social morality, or as complicity with that system. In the end, it is difficult to imagine how the churches could have challenged the right of a male slaveholder to exploit his domestic slaves sexually without challenging his right to claim ownership of other human beings.

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Community Development and Local Social Capital

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/s1074070800003357 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 143-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jeffrey L. Jordan ◽

Bulent Anil ◽

Abdul Munasib

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Social Capital ◽

Community Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Local Economic Development ◽

The State ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Economic Growth And Development ◽

Geographical Clusters

While a substantial amount of research has been devoted to showing what social capital does, research explaining social capital itself lags behind. The literature has a long tradition of examining the effect of social capital on local economic growth and development. In this paper we examine whether local economic development can explain the variation in social capital across various geographical clusters in the state of Georgia. We begin by devising a measurement tool, a Human Development Index (HDI), to measure community development. Our social capital measure includes associational memberships, voluntary activities, and philanthropy obtained from the Georgia Social Capital Survey. The findings show that even after accounting for various demographic and economic characteristics, the HDI explains the variation in a number of social capital levels (especially those measured by associational involvement) across various geographical clusters in the state of Georgia.

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Kann man die neutestamentlichen Briefe der Gattung „Apostelbrief“ zuordnen?

Novum Testamentum ◽

10.1163/15685365-12341490 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 227-250

Author(s):

Bärbel Bosenius

Keyword(s):

New Testament ◽

Early Christian ◽

Christian Communities ◽

The New Testament

During the last 40 years New Testament scholarship did not apply the term “apostolic letter” consistently. All early Christian letters and only the New Testament or Pauline respectively Deutero-Pauline letters were called “apostolic letters” by New Testament scholars. Since the term from the sources ἀπόστολος in the undisputed Pauline letters refers to Paul’s function as founder of early Christian communities but not to his function as their leader, New Testament scholars should avoid the misleading term “apostolic letter.” Within the corpus of New Testament letters one should rather differentiate between “kerygmatic letters,” “pseudepigraphic Pauline letters” and “early Christian Diaspora letters.”

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History and theory of Scripture translations

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies ◽

10.4102/hts.v64i1.20 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean-Claude Loba-Mkole

Keyword(s):

Frames Of Reference ◽

Functional Equivalence ◽

Historical Overview ◽

Early Christian ◽

Christian Communities ◽

Bible Translation ◽

Bible Translations ◽

The Bible ◽

History And Theory

This article argues for the importance of Bible translations through its historical achievements and theoretical frames of reference. The missionary expansion of Christianity owes its very being to translations. The early Christian communities knew the Bible through the LXX translations while churches today still continue to use various translations. Translations shape Scripture interpretations, especially when a given interpretation depends on a particular translation. A particular interpretation can also influence a given translation. The article shows how translation theories have been developed to clarify and how the transaction source-target is culturally handled. The articles discuss some of these “theoretical frames”, namely the functional equivalence, relevance, literary functional equivalence and intercultural mediation. By means of a historical overview and a reflection on Bible translation theories the article aims to focus on the role of Africa in translation history.

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