Spatial Distribution Analysis of Community Radio Stations For Promoting Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Agriculture Under COVID-19 Scenario, Southern Province, Zambia

Community Radio Stations (CRS) play an important role in information dissemination at local and context specific levels. This study analyzes the spatial distribution of the CRS and their role in promoting sustainable in agriculture in times of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). The study's methodological approach included geospatial mapping of CRS in Arc GIS 10.3, surveys and interviews with key informants (n=39). In addition, the data was analyzed using SPSS 28.0 for frequency and descriptive analysis and excel for graphical outputs. The study finds 19 CRS in 13 districts and their radii completely cover the Southern Province of Zambia. Out of the time allocated to agricultural programs, an average of 47% is on climate change adaptation measures in local languages. However, the CRS have limited access to experts to provide information and programs sponsorship. This study has established that CRS have potential in disseminating climate change adaptation measures. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of the CRS noticed an increase in demand for agricultural programs during the COVID-19 era, with the rapid growth of CRS. The study recommends stakeholders collaboration to provide appropriate information to enhance the climate agricultural programmes on CRS and address challenges of limited access to experts and associated costs.

LOMBOK WOMAN EMPOWERMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA THROUGH MANAGING COMMUNITY RADIO AS A MEDIA OF PANDEMIC COMMUNICATION

Women have some part in the pandemic Covid-19, especially in providing true information. This article tends to describe how Lombok woman empower themselves through managing community radio during Pandemic Covid-19. Related to the role of community radio is increasing especially in providing the true information needed by the public. These women manage the radio community called “Nina Bayan” in North Lombok Regency. This phenomenon is interesting to be studied since the people in this area have been facing long-standing difficulties, from the Lombok earthquake that occurred in 2018 to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The resilience of society, especially women's groups, in facing this difficult situation is to form a media broadcast which is community radio. The purpose of the research is to explore the role and strategy of the radio community “Nina Bayan” in building pandemic communication during the digital era managed by these women. This study uses a qualitative approach to describe the phenomenon of the study in depth and detail. Research data obtained from interviews (three interviewees: founder, program manager, announcer or teacher), observations and literature review to strengthen the study in theory and methodology. The results show that (1) Dissemination of pandemic communication was packed through the communication media of the radio based on community needs and local wisdom so that it was easily accepted and accessed by the community. (2) The strategy carried out by the radio community to survive amid the challenges of the broadcasting world is capacity building for radio managers and broadcasters, using an inclusiveness approach, creating programs based on community needs and broadcasting digitalization.

Analisa Teknis Penetapan Kanal Frekuensi Radio Untuk Lembaga Penyiaran Radio Komunitas Wilayah Kabupaten Batang

The radio frequency spectrum constitutes a limited and strategic natural resource with high economic value, so it must be managed effectively and efficiently to obtain optimal benefits by observing national and international legal principles. Radio Community Broadcasting Institution uses limited frequency allocation in three channels, namely, in the frequency channels 202 (107.7 MHz), 203 (107.8 MHz), and 204 (107.9 MHz), with limited transmit power and area coverage. The problem in this research is the frequency overlap with other community radios in an area. The issue raised is whether it is possible to establish a new community radio in the Batang Regency area by paying attention to existing radios that have licenses in districts/cities that are in the area directly adjacent to Batang Regency by considering the limited allocation of radio frequency channels community, without the occurrence of radio frequency interference with other community radios. The purpose of this research is to solve these problems. It is necessary to have a policy in determining radio frequency users to get good quality radio broadcast reception. The method used is to analyze the frequency determination technique based on the interference analysis on other community broadcasters. By using the Radio Mobile Software for frequency repetition simulation, in this research, the results show that Batang FM Community Radio does not allow to get frequency channels for community radio operations. After all, it interferes with the Service Area of ​​Soneta FM Radio in Pekalongan City because it does not meet the requirements for determining the frequency channel = Eu> NF, namely the Nuisance Field (NF) value of 109.7 dB is greater than the Minimum Usable Field strength (Eu) of 66 dB. In comparison, Limpung FM Radio gets radio frequency on channel 203 (frequency 107.8 MHz) because it meets the requirements for determining the frequency channel = Eu> NF, namely the Minimum Usable Field strength (Eu) 66 dB greater than the Nuisance Field (NF) of 55.7 dB.