Non-specific Lipid Transfer Proteins in Legumes and Their Participation During Root-Nodule Symbiosis

Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) constitute a large protein family in plants characterized by having a tunnel-like hydrophobic cavity, which allows them to transfer different lipid molecules. LTPs have been studied in various model plants including those of agronomic interest. Recent studies have demonstrated that LTPs play key functions in both biotic and abiotic stress. In plants-pathogen interaction, they act as either positive or negative regulators of defense responses. However, little is known about the roles of LTPs in symbiotic interactions, especially in root nodule symbiosis. Here, we performed a broad genome analysis of LTP family members in legumes and other important model plants, focusing on their possible roles in legume-rhizobium symbiosis. In silico analysis showed that legumes contain large LTP families, with at least 70 LTP members clustered into four clades. Although the structures of LTP genes and proteins are conserved among species, differences were observed between clades from different species. LTPs are widely expressed in different plant tissues. In general, genes of the LTP1 and LTP2 classes are highly expressed in shoot and reproductive tissues in all analyzed species. Furthermore, genes of the different classes are also expressed in roots inoculated with rhizobia and nodules of legumes. RT-qPCR expression profile analysis of seven PvLTP genes in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) revealed that these genes are differentially expressed during the early and late stages of nodulation and they are genetically regulated by PvRbohA. These findings provide insight into the putative roles of LTP family members in legume-rhizobium symbiosis and their possible interactions with RBOH-dependent ROS production.

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Genome-wide identification of CAMTA gene family members in Medicago truncatula and their expression during root nodule symbiosis and hormone treatments

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2015.00459 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yanjun Yang ◽

Tao Sun ◽

Luqin Xu ◽

Erxu Pi ◽

Sheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Family ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Root Nodule ◽

Family Members ◽

Root Nodule Symbiosis ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Nodule Symbiosis

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Unifying the two different classes of plant non-specific lipid-transfer proteins allergens classified in the WHO/IUIS allergen database through a motif with conserved sequence, structural and electrostatic features

10.1101/087411 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sandeep Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Cross Reactivity ◽

Full Length ◽

Structural Motif ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Lipid Transfer Proteins ◽

Conserved Sequence ◽

A Genome ◽

Specific Lipid

The ubiquitously occuring non-specific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs) in plants are implicated in key processes like biotic and abiotic stress, seed development and lipid transport. Additionally, they constitute a panallergen multigene family present in both food and pollen. Presently there are 49 nsLTP entries in the WHO/IUIS allergen database (http://allergen.org/). Analysis of full-length allergens identified only two major classes (nsLTP1,n=32 and nsLTP2,n=2), although nsLTPs are classified into many other groups. nsLTP1 and nsLTP2 are differentiated by their sequences, molecular weights, pattern of the conserved disulphide bonds and volume of the hydrophobic cavity. The conserved R44 is present in all full length nsLTP1 allergens (only Par j 2 from Parietaria judaica has K44), while D43 is present in all but Par j 1/2 from P. judaica (residue numbering based on PDBid:2ALGA). Although, the importance of these residues is well-established in nsLTP1, the corresponding residues in nsLTP2 remain unknown. A structural motif comprising of two cysteines with a disulphide bond (C3-C50), R44 and D43 identified a congruent motif (C3/C35/R47/D42) in a nsLTP2 protein from rice (PDBid:1L6HA), using the CLASP methodology. This also provides a quantitative method to assess the cross-reactivity potential of different proteins through congruence of an epitope and its neighbouring residues. Future work will involve obtaining the PDB structure of an nsLTP2 allergen and Par j 1/2 nsLTP1 sequences with a missing D43, determine whether nsLTP from other groups beside nsLTP1/2 are allergens, and determine nsLTP allergens from other plants commonly responsible for causing allergic reactions (chickpea, walnut, etc.) based on a genome wide identification of genes with conserved allergen features and their in vitro characterization.

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Allergy to non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTP) in a pediatric population.

10.26226/morressier.5acdc65cd462b8029238db02 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Joana Lopes

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Lipid Transfer Proteins ◽

Specific Lipid

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Nitrate Inhibition of Root‐Nodule Symbiosis in Doubly Rooted Soybean Plants

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900010027x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 115-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Allan R. J. Eaglesham

Keyword(s):

Root Nodule ◽

Root Nodule Symbiosis ◽

Nitrate Inhibition ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Nodule Symbiosis

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Non‐specific lipid‐transfer proteins: Allergen structure and function, cross‐reactivity, sensitization, and epidemiology

Clinical and Translational Allergy ◽

10.1002/clt2.12010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Isabel J. Skypala ◽

Ricardo Asero ◽

Domingo Barber ◽

Lorenzo Cecchi ◽

Arazeli Diaz Perales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Reactivity ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Lipid Transfer ◽

Lipid Transfer Proteins ◽

Allergen Structure ◽

And Function ◽

Specific Lipid

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Aboveground plant-to-plant communication reduces root nodule symbiosis and soil nutrient concentrations

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92123-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuta Takahashi ◽

Kaori Shiojiri ◽

Akira Yamawo

Keyword(s):

Root Nodule ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Root Nodules ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Chemical Defenses ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Soil C ◽

Plant Communication ◽

Root Nodule Symbiosis ◽

Nodule Symbiosis

AbstractAboveground communication between plants is well known to change defense traits in leaves, but its effects on belowground plant traits and soil characteristics have not been elucidated. We hypothesized that aboveground plant-to-plant communication reduces root nodule symbiosis via induction of bactericidal chemical defense substances and changes the soil nutrient environment. Soybean plants were exposed to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from damaged shoots of Solidago canadensis var. scabra, and leaf defense traits (total phenolics, saponins), root saponins, and root nodule symbiosis traits (number and biomass of root nodules) were measured. Soil C/N ratios and mineral concentrations were also measured to estimate the effects of resource uptake by the plants. We found that total phenolics were not affected. However, plants that received VOCs had higher saponin concentrations in both leaves and roots, and fewer root nodules than untreated plants. Although the concentrations of soil minerals did not differ between treatments, soil C/N ratio was significantly higher in the soil of communicated plants. Thus, the aboveground plant-to-plant communication led to reductions in root nodule symbiosis and soil nutrient concentrations. Our results suggest that there are broader effects of induced chemical defenses in aboveground plant organs upon belowground microbial interactions and soil nutrients, and emphasize that plant response based on plant-to-plant communications are a bridge between above- and below-ground ecosystems.

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