Drought Stress Induces Morpho-Physiological and Proteome Changes of Pandanus amaryllifolius

Drought is one of the significant threats to the agricultural sector. However, there is limited knowledge on plant response to drought stress and post-drought recovery. Pandanus amaryllifolius, a moderate drought-tolerant plant, is well-known for its ability to survive in low-level soil moisture conditions. Understanding the molecular regulation of drought stress signaling in this plant could help guide the rational design of crop plants to counter this environmental challenge. This study aimed to determine the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and protein changes of P. amaryllifolius in response to drought stress and during recovery. Drought significantly reduced the leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content of P. amaryllifolius. In contrast, relative electrolyte leakage, proline and malondialdehyde contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the drought-treated and recovered samples were relatively higher than the well-watered sample. The protein changes between drought-stressed, well-watered, and recovered plants were evaluated using tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics. Of the 1415 differentially abundant proteins, 74 were significantly altered. The majority of proteins differing between them were related to carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, stress response, and antioxidant activity. This is the first study that reports the protein changes in response to drought stress in Pandanus. The data generated provide an insight into the drought-responsive mechanisms in P. amaryllifolius.

Metode Pengeringan Sari Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Bubuk Sari Pandan

Sari pandan merupakan hasil ekstraksi daun pandan. Sari pandan siap pakai yang beredar di Indonesia mayoritas berbentuk pasta, yang memiliki beberapa kelemahan, diantaranya mudah rusak, lengket, dan susah ditakar. Pembuatan sari pandan dalam bentuk bubuk diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu sari pandan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengeringan spray drying dan pengeringan vakum. Pengujian kadar air menunjukkan bahwa sari pandan yang dibuat dengan metode spray drying memiliki kadar air yang lebih rendah daripada metode pengeringan vakum. Pengamatan sifat fisik sari pandan dalam kondisi siap pakai menunjukkan bahwa metode spray drying menghasilkan warna dan aroma sari pandan yang lebih kuat daripada metode pengeringan vakum. Uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa panelis lebih menyukai warna dan aroma sari pandan yang dibuat dengan metode spray drying. Pandan extracts is made from pandan leaves. The majority of ready-to-use pandan extracts in Indonesia are in the form of pasta which has several disadvantages, including perishable, sticky, and hard to be measured. Pandan extract in powder form is expected to improve the quality of the pandan extract. The method used in this study are spray drying and vacuum drying. Water content analysis shows that pandan extract made by spray drying method has a lower moisture content than the vacuum drying method. Observation of the physical properties of pandan extract in ready-to-use form showed that the spray drying method produced stronger color and aroma than the vacuum drying method. Organoleptic tests showed that panelists preferred the color and aroma of pandan extract made using the spray drying method.

Effect of addition level of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. on Broiler performances at starter period

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves are commonly used as food additives in many countries. Beside to improve taste, it is recognized to contain various compound groups namely alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids and tannins that have a role in antibacterial activity. However, the current research aim was to examine effect of using Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves as feed additive in broilers. The method used was experiment, employing 6 treatments included P0: control feed; P0: control feed added with 0.1% zinc bacitracin; P1: control feed added with 0.5% Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder; P2: control feed added with 1.0% Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder; P3: control feed added with 1.5% Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder; P4: control feed added with 2.0% Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder. The variables measured were feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The results indicated that in all variables no significant results were reported. Those indicated that addition of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder in broiler feed did not affect growth performances of broiler. It is concluded that the use of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaves powder as feed additive did not change growth of broiler, probably due partly to its antibacterial effect.

Extraction and Characterization of Natural Cellulosic Fiber from Pandanus amaryllifolius Leaves

Pandanus amaryllifolius is a member of Pandanaceae family and is abundant in south-east Asian countries including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and India. In this study, Pandanus amaryllifolius fibres were extracted via a water retting extraction process and were investigated as potential fibre reinforcement in polymer composite. Several tests were carried out to investigate the characterization of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre such as chemical composition analysis which revealed Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre’s cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content of 48.79%, 19.95% and 18.64% respectively. Material functional groups were analysed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis confirming the presence of cellulose and amorphous substances in the fibre. The morphology of extracted Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Further mechanical behaviour of fibre was investigated using a single fibre test with 5 kN cell load and tensile strength was found to be 45.61 ± 16.09 MPa for an average fibre diameter of 368.57 ± 50.47 μm. Meanwhile, moisture content analysis indicated a 6.00% moisture absorption rate of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre. The thermogravimetric analysis justified the thermal stability of Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre up to 210 °C, which is within polymerization process temperature conditions. Overall, the finding shows that Pandanus amaryllifolius fibre may be used as alternative reinforcement particularly for a bio-based polymer matrix.

FORMULASI EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) SEBAGAI MASKER GEL PEEL OFF

Pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) adalah tanaman yang mengandung alkaloid kimia, flavonoid, tanin, dan polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah daun pandan wangi dapat diformulasikan sebagai masker gel peel of untuk melembabkan kulit. Ekstrak daun pandan wangi dibuat dalam konsentrasi 0% (blanko), 2,5%, dan 5% yang dibuat dalam sediaan 30 gram. Uji yang dilakukanmeliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, persiapan waktu kering, dan kelembapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pandan wangi dapat dibuat sebagai bentuk masker gel dan memenuhi evaluasi fisik bentuk. Hasil tes homogenitas menunjukkan sediaan homogen, pH dalam kisaran 6.0 yang relatif aman pada permukaan kulit wajah. Waktu persiapan mengering selama 30 menit dan memenuhi persyaratan waktu pengeringan. Kemampuan untuk melembabkan kulit lebih besar dengan meningkatkan konsentrasi ekstrak yang ditambahkan. Kemampuan rata-rata tertinggi untuk melembabkan kulit adalah 39,0%. dalam tes kelembaban konsentrasinya adalah 5% ekstrak daun harum pandan karena kulit masker gel pelembab alami sangat baik. Kesimpulannya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pandan wangi dapat diformulasikan menjadi masker gel peel off yang memiliki kemampuan melembabkan kulit.

Drought stress induces morpho-physiological and proteome changes of Pandanus amaryllifolius

Drought is one of the significant threats to the agricultural sector. However, there is limited knowledge on the plant response to drought stress and post-drought recovery. Pandanus amaryllifolius, a moderate drought-tolerant plant, is well known for its ability to survive in low-level soil moisture conditions. Understanding the molecular regulation of drought stress signaling in this plant could help guide the rational design of crop plants to counter this environmental challenge. This study aimed to determine the morpho-physiological, biochemical and protein changes of P. amaryllifolius in response to drought stress and during recovery. Drought significantly reduced leaf relative water content of P. amaryllifolius. In contrast, relative electrolyte leakage, proline and malondialdehyde contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the drought-treated and recovered samples were relatively higher than the well-watered sample. The protein changes between drought-stressed, well-watered, and recovered plants were evaluated using tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics. Of the 1,415 differentially abundant proteins, 74 were significantly altered. The majority of proteins differing between them were related to carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, stress response, and antioxidant activity. This is the first study that reports the protein changes in response to drought stress in Pandanus. The data generated provide an insight into the drought-responsive mechanisms in P. amaryllifolius.

Bandgap tunability from synergistic mixture of Pandanus amaryllifolius and Curcuma longa as photo-absorber candidates

The application of natural plant-derived dyes to replace ruthenium-based material as photo-absorber in solar cells application, have been extensively studied. Several advantages such as low cost, abundant in supply, sustainability and environmentally-safe make natural materials as current favourite photo-absorber. Natural plant-derived dyes are known containing natural compounds (e.g. carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanins) that have the characteristics of electronic delocalization in extended ?-orbital system involving in electronic transfer mechanism. To date, massive investigations were done to exploit this system to be used as a potential photo-absorber in solar cells. Due to this matter, the hybrid dyes from the mixture of Pandanus amaryllifolius (pandan, P) and Curcuma longa (turmeric, T) were successfully prepared and several physical characterizations were carried out to analyse the photo-absorber (sensitizer) properties. From the results obtained, the ratios of P:T was varied into 1:2, 1:4, 4:1, and 8:1. This ratio has changed the wavelength of absorbers that were slightly shifted and the indirect bandgap (Eg) also were significantly changed. With this new approach, the bandgap of the hybrid dyes as core point in modulating electrical conductivity of photo-absorber can be simply tuned. By implying two different extract dyes to form hybrid dyes, the bandgap was found decreased with higher ratio of T used. Overall results suggesting that by adjusting the ratio of hybrid dyes, the photo-absorber properties and the Eg values were differed and with slightly modification, better electrical conductivity can be expected for solar cells application.

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryfolius) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus

Pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius ) yang lazim digunakan sebagai pewangi dan pewarna makanan ternyata berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas daun pandan wangi sebagai antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus, dengan mengetahui Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) serta untuk mengetahui senyawa kimia apa saja yang terkandung dalam daun pandan wangi. Ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi diperoleh melalui metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut alkohol 70%. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekperimental dengan menggunakan post test only control group design,dengan menggunakan metode dilusi. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa nilai KHM pada konsentrasi 40% sudah mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri staphylococcus aureus. Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ekstrak daun pandan wangi pada bakteri staphyloccocus aureus wangi belum dapat ditentukan nilainya karena pada konsentrasi tertinggi 60% masih terdapat pertumbuhan koloni rata-rata sebanyak 27 koloni.