scholarly journals Trichoderma citrinoviride: Anti-Fungal Biosurfactants Production Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Piegza ◽  
Kamil Szura ◽  
Wojciech Łaba
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Lytic Enzyme ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Trichoderma Citrinoviride ◽  
Fungal Growth Inhibition ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

The mechanism of direct impact of Trichoderma fungi on other organisms is a multilayer process. The level of limiting the growth of other microorganisms is determined by the strain and often by the environment. Confirmation of the presence of extracellular biosurfactants in certain strains of Trichoderma considered as biocontrol agents was regarded as a crucial topic complementing the characterization of their interactive mechanisms. Selected strains of T. citrinoviride were cultured in media stimulating biosurfactant biosynthesis, optionally supplemented with lytic enzyme inducers. Results confirmed the anti-fungal properties of surface-active compounds in the tested culture fluids. Preparations that displayed high fungal growth inhibition presented marginal enzymatic activities of both chitinases and laminarinases, implying the inhibitory role of biosurfactants. Fractions from the foam of the culture fluid of the C1 strain, cultured on Saunders medium, and HL strain on MGP medium, without an additional carbon source, exhibited the most prominent ability to inhibit the growth of phytopathogens. Filamentous fungi capable of producing fungicidal compounds, including surfactants, may find applications in protecting the plants against agri-food pathogenic molds.

Purification and characterization of a lytic peptidase produced by Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 6-5-S

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Fackrell ◽  
J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Lytic Enzyme ◽  
Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Fractionation ◽  
Sulfate Fractionation

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 6-5-S releases at least two enzymes into the culture fluid when grown on autoclaved cells of Spirillum serpens VHL. One of the enzymes is bacteriolytic and the other is proteolytic. The lytic enzyme was purified by a factor of 3000 using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and the anion exchanger DEAE-Sephadex. The lytic enzyme degrades peptidoglycan of S. serpens by hydrolyzing the diaminopimelic acid – alanine bond in the tetrapeptide chain. Ca2+ or Mg2+ exerted little or no effect on the activity of the lytic enzyme. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 40 000 as indicated by gel filtration. Crude preparations were unstable at 4C. The second enzyme, a protease that digested Azocoll, was purified by a factor of 7 by ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by gel filtration with Sephadex G-100. The protease was eluted in the void volume from a Sephadex G-100 column and therefore may have a molecular weight of at least 100 000. Its activity was enhanced by additions of Ca2+ and Mg2+. The enzyme was stable at 4C.

Synthesis and characterization of surface-active compounds derived from cholesterol derivatives and glucose

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Piispanen ◽  
Styrbjörn Byström ◽  
Martin Svensson ◽  
Bengt Kronberg ◽  
Irena Blute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

Synthesis and monolayer spreading behaviour of surface-active compounds containing electron- and hole-transporting groups. 2. Carbazole derivatives

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2142-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Taylor ◽  
C. P. Sloan ◽  
D. A. Holden ◽  
G. J. Kovacs ◽  
R. O. Loutfy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Fluorescence Decay ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Carbazole Derivatives ◽  
Hole Transporting ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett Films ◽  
Axis Parallel ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

The synthesis of several new surface-active carbazole derivatives is described. These compounds are intended to have applications as hole-transporting materials in thin-film devices assembled by the Langmuir–Blodgett technique. All of the carbazole-containing surfactants gave stable monolayers at the air–water interface with cross sections of 0.35–0.42 nm2/molecule, characteristic of the carbazole ring system oriented perpendicular to the surface with its long axis parallel to the surface. Conditions for Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of multilayers on titanium-coated polyester film were explored. Further characterization of the carbazole derivatives by cyclic voltammetry and fluorescence decay measurements is also described. Keywords: monolayers, Langmuir–Blodgett films, carbazole, surfactants.

scholarly journals SURFACTANT MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND CORONAVIRUS SURFACE: A SURFACE INTERACTION FOR COVID-19 TREATMENT AND VACCINATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
FIRDOOS AHMAD ITOO ◽  
JAN MOHAMMAD MIR
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surfactant Material ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

Generally, the structural components of infectious diseases causing viruses like coronavirus, Ebola virus, etc., are mainly focused on developing effective treatment and vaccines. Meanwhile, the spike proteins play a major role in knowing the profound way out to curtail the respective infectivity. S1 and S2 act as the two main subunits to render prime significance to reveal the interaction of surface-active agents in this context. Keeping in view the importance of surfactants in developing effective treatment and vaccine for the coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19), this article describes the surface chemistry of this quest. The surface action being the main mode of infectivity can thus be halted by using surface-active compounds (surfactants). Therefore, this review emphasizes the sound role of surface action linked with COVID-19 treatment and vaccination.

scholarly journals Production and characterization of surface-active compounds from Gordonia amicalis

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ani Beatriz Jackisch-Matsuura ◽  
Leonardo Silva Santos ◽  
Marcos Nogueira Eberlin ◽  
Andréia Fonseca de Faria ◽  
Takeshi Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Compounds ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

scholarly journals The role of counterions in the interaction of bifunctional surface active compounds with model membranes

IUBMB Life ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1110
Author(s):  
J. Sarapuk ◽  
H. Kleszczynska ◽  
B. Rózycka-Roszak
Keyword(s):  
Model Membranes ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Surface Active Compounds

scholarly journals Fungi from dead arthropods and bats of Gomantong Cave, northern Borneo, Sabah (Malaysia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-275
Author(s):  
Ibrahem Wasti ◽  
Foo She Fui ◽  
Tan Qin Zhi ◽  
Cheh Wai Mun ◽  
Mohammad Hafiz Syukri Kassim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Its Gene ◽  
Culturable Fungi ◽  
Cave Ecosystems ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Borneo is a biodiversity and ecotourism hotspot, yet one of its least-studied ecosystems is their limestone caves. Not many studies have been conducted on the role fungi play in tropical cave ecosystems, and no fungal surveys have been conducted in the caves of Sabah, Malaysia. Here, we assess the mycofloral diversity on bat and arthropod cadavers in one of the most popular ecotourism destinations of northern Borneo, Gomantong caves. Opportunistic sampling of cadavers within the Semud Hitam chamber of Gomantong cave yielded nine dead arthropods and four dead bats. Twenty-four culturable fungi were isolated, of which 14 morphological taxonomic units (MTU) were observed. Twelve of the 14 MTUs underwent molecular characterization of the ITS gene region to confirm identification. All fungi were Ascomycetes except for one Basidiomycete isolate. Aspergillus spp. had the highest occurrence (45.8%), followed by Penicillium spp. (25.0%), and Fusarium sp. (12.5%). Ceratobasidium sp., Diaporthe sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., and Xylaria feejeensis were isolated once each. No more than one fungal taxon was isolated from each arthropod cadaver, and not all arthropods yielded culturable fungi. Bat cadavers yielded 14 out of 24 isolates (58.3%), with the highest occurrence of the fungi sampled from their skin. Our results corroborate that bats and arthropods play a role in fungal dispersion and introduction in the cave because their exteriors are likely to harbor fungi they are exposed to in the environment. We also conclude that cadavers are important substrates for fungal growth and proliferation, perpetuating the role of fungi as important decomposers in caves. This study provides a baseline of information of the mycobiome of Bornean caves for future bioprospecting and potential biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals Protective membranes at electrochemical biosensors

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Ambrózy ◽  
Lenka Hlavatá ◽  
Ján Labuda
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Outer Sphere ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
And Function ◽  
Surface Active Compounds ◽  
Biosensor Response

Abstract The primary role of the biosensor is to specifically detect an analyte using biochemical reaction or interaction mediated by isolated biomolecules, organelles, whole cells or biomimetic receptors. In terms of construction and function, the biosensor consists of biorecognition element and transducer connected to suitable measurement device. Electrochemical biosensor is an electrode or microelectrode with the surface chemically modified by the biorecognition element. The main problem of analysis with the biosensors is the presence of low and high molecular weight substances in the sample that interfere at the detection of analyte. Due to deposition of surface active compounds the biosensor response may be diminished depending on time of interaction with sample. These effects can be eliminated by using anti-interference membranes. This review deals with preparation and utilization of membranes for the biocomponent immobilization and with outer-sphere protective membranes.

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