Constructive and Destructive Processes During the 2018–2019 Eruption Episode at Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka, Studied From Satellite and Aerial Data

Dome-building volcanoes often develop by intrusion and extrusion, recurrent destabilization and sector collapses, and renewed volcanic growth inside the collapse embayment. However, details of the structural architecture affiliated with renewed volcanic activity and the influences of regional structures remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze the recent activity of Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, characterized by repeated episodes of lava dome growth and destruction due to large explosions and gravity-driven collapses. We collect and process a multisensor dataset comprising high-resolution optical (aerial and tri-stereo Pleiades satellite), radar (TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellites), and thermal (aerial and MODIS, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 satellites) data. We investigate the evolution of the 2018–2019 eruption episode and evaluate the morphological and structural changes that led to the August 29, 2019 explosive eruption and partial dome collapse. Our results show that a new massive lava lobe gradually extruded onto the SW flank of the dome, concurrent with magmatic intrusion into the eastern dome sector, adding 0.15 km3 to the lava dome complex. As the amphitheater infilled, new eruption craters emerged along a SW-NE alignment close to the amphitheater rim. Then, the large August 29, 2019 explosive eruption occurred, followed by partial dome collapse, which was initially directed away from this SW-NE trend. The eruption and collapse removed 0.11 km3 of the dome edifice and led to the formation of a new central SW-NE-elongated crater with dimensions of 430 m × 490 m, a collapse scar at the eastern part of the dome, and pyroclastic density currents that traveled ∼12 km downslope. This work sheds light on the structural architecture dominated by a SW-NE lineament and the complex interplay of volcano constructive and destructive processes. We develop a conceptual model emphasizing the relevance of structural trends, namely, 1) a SW-NE-oriented (possibly regional) structure and 2) the infilled amphitheater and its decollement surface, both of which are vital for understanding the directions of growth and collapse and for assessing the potential hazards at both Shiveluch and dome-building volcanoes elsewhere.

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Parametric analysis of lava dome-collapse events and pyroclastic deposits at Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka, using visible and infrared satellite data

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research ◽

10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.01.027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 354 ◽

pp. 115-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Janine B. Krippner ◽

Alexander B. Belousov ◽

Marina G. Belousova ◽

Michael S. Ramsey

Keyword(s):

Satellite Data ◽

Parametric Analysis ◽

Lava Dome ◽

Shiveluch Volcano ◽

Pyroclastic Deposits ◽

Dome Collapse ◽

Lava Dome Collapse

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Volcanic Hazard Assessment for an Eruption Hiatus, or Post-eruption Unrest Context: Modeling Continued Dome Collapse Hazards for Soufrière Hills Volcano

Frontiers in Earth Science ◽

10.3389/feart.2020.535567 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Elaine T. Spiller ◽

Robert L. Wolpert ◽

Sarah E. Ogburn ◽

Eliza S. Calder ◽

James O. Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volcanic Activity ◽

Lava Dome ◽

Volcanic Hazard ◽

Context Modeling ◽

Density Currents ◽

Sector Collapse ◽

Soufriere Hills Volcano ◽

Soufrière Hills Volcano ◽

Soufriere Hills ◽

Dome Collapse

Effective volcanic hazard management in regions where populations live in close proximity to persistent volcanic activity involves understanding the dynamic nature of hazards, and associated risk. Emphasis until now has been placed on identification and forecasting of the escalation phase of activity, in order to provide adequate warning of what might be to come. However, understanding eruption hiatus and post-eruption unrest hazards, or how to quantify residual hazard after the end of an eruption, is also important and often key to timely post-eruption recovery. Unfortunately, in many cases when the level of activity lessens, the hazards, although reduced, do not necessarily cease altogether. This is due to both the imprecise nature of determination of the “end” of an eruptive phase as well as to the possibility that post-eruption hazardous processes may continue to occur. An example of the latter is continued dome collapse hazard from lava domes which have ceased to grow, or sector collapse of parts of volcanic edifices, including lava dome complexes. We present a new probabilistic model for forecasting pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) from lava dome collapse that takes into account the heavy-tailed distribution of the lengths of eruptive phases, the periods of quiescence, and the forecast window of interest. In the hazard analysis, we also consider probabilistic scenario models describing the flow’s volume and initial direction. Further, with the use of statistical emulators, we combine these models with physics-based simulations of PDCs at Soufrière Hills Volcano to produce a series of probabilistic hazard maps for flow inundation over 5, 10, and 20 year periods. The development and application of this assessment approach is the first of its kind for the quantification of periods of diminished volcanic activity. As such, it offers evidence-based guidance for dome collapse hazards that can be used to inform decision-making around provisions of access and reoccupation in areas around volcanoes that are becoming less active over time.

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Material Properties and Triggering Mechanisms of an Andesitic Lava Dome Collapse at Shiveluch Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, Revealed Using the Finite Element Method

Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering ◽

10.1007/s00603-021-02513-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cory S. Wallace ◽

Lauren N. Schaefer ◽

Marlène C. Villeneuve

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Method ◽

Finite Element ◽

Material Properties ◽

Lava Dome ◽

The Finite Element Method ◽

Shiveluch Volcano ◽

Andesitic Lava ◽

Triggering Mechanisms ◽

Dome Collapse ◽

Lava Dome Collapse

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Holocene Key-Marker Tephra Layers in Kamchatka, Russia

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1006/qres.1996.1876 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 125-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Olga A. Braitseva ◽

Vera V. Ponomareva ◽

Leopold D. Sulerzhitsky ◽

Ivan V. Melekestsev ◽

John Bailey

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Explosive Eruptions ◽

Shiveluch Volcano ◽

Stratigraphic Position ◽

Tephra Layers ◽

Characteristic Features ◽

Important Marker

Detailed tephrochronological studies in Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, permitted documentation of 24 Holocene key-marker tephra layers related to the largest explosive eruptions from 11 volcanic centers. Each layer was traced for tens to hundreds of kilometers away from the source volcano; its stratigraphic position, area of dispersal, age, characteristic features of grain-size distribution, and chemical and mineral composition confirmed its identification. The most important marker tephra horizons covering a large part of the peninsula are (from north to south; ages given in14C yr B.P.) SH2(≈1000 yr B.P.) and SH3(≈1400 yr B.P.) from Shiveluch volcano; KZ (≈7500 yr B.P.) from Kizimen volcano; KRM (≈7900 yr B.P.) from Karymsky caldera; KHG (≈7000 yr B.P.) from Khangar volcano; AV1(≈3500 yr B.P.), AV2(≈4000 yr B.P.), AV4(≈5500 yr B.P.), and AV5(≈5600 yr B.P.) from Avachinsky volcano; OP (≈1500 yr B.P.) from the Baraniy Amfiteatr crater at Opala volcano; KHD (≈2800 yr B.P.) from the “maar” at Khodutka volcano; KS1(≈1800 yr B.P.) and KS2(≈6000 yr B.P.) from the Ksudach calderas; KSht3(A.D. 1907) from Shtyubel cone in Ksudach volcanic massif; and KO (≈7700 yr B.P.) from the Kuril Lake-Iliinsky caldera. Tephra layers SH5(≈2600 yr B.P.) from Shiveluch volcano, AV3(≈4500 yr B.P.) from Avachinsky volcano, OPtr(≈4600 yr B.P.) from Opala volcano, KS3(≈6100 yr B.P.) and KS4(≈8800 yr B.P.) from Ksudach calderas, KSht1(≈1100 yr B.P.) from Shtyubel cone, and ZLT (≈4600 yr B.P.) from Iliinsky volcano cover smaller areas and have local stratigraphic value, as do the ash layers from the historically recorded eruptions of Shiveluch (SH1964) and Bezymianny (B1956) volcanoes. The dated tephra layers provide a record of the most voluminous explosive events in Kamchatka during the Holocene and form a tephrochronological timescale for dating and correlating various deposits.

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Dendrogeomorphic reconstruction of lahar activity and triggers: Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia

Bulletin of Volcanology ◽

10.1007/s00445-016-1094-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

E. Salaorni ◽

M. Stoffel ◽

O. Tutubalina ◽

S. Chernomorets ◽

I. Seynova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Shiveluch Volcano

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Materials to cyanobacterial and algal flora from volcanic soils of Shiveluch volcano

Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии) ◽

10.33624/2311-0147-2021-2(26)-135-138 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135-138

Author(s):

Rezeda Z. Allaguvatova ◽

Veronika B. Bagmet ◽

Arthur Yu. v Nikulin ◽

Shamil R. Abdullin ◽

Andrey A. Gontcharo

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Algal Flora ◽

Volcanic Soils ◽

Shiveluch Volcano ◽

Nitzschia Palea ◽

Terrestrial Cyanobacteria ◽

Composition Study ◽

Cyanobacteria And Algae ◽

Tetradesmus Obliquus

During the species composition study of terrestrial cyanobacteria and algae from volcanic soils of Shiveluch Volcano (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia) eighteen taxa from five phyla were revealed: Cyanobacteria – 4, Bacillariophyta – 4, Ochrophyta – 2 (Eustigmatophyceae – 1, Xanthophyceae – 1), Charophyta – 1, Chlorophyta – 7 (Chlorophyceae – 2, Trebouxiophyceae – 5). Nitzschia communis Rabenhorst, Nitzschia palea (Kützing) W. Smith, Eolimna minima (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot, Eremochloris sp., Tetradesmus obliquus (Turpin) M.J. Wynne, Nostoc edaphicum Kondratyeva were most frequency.

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Lightning and electrical activity during the Shiveluch volcano eruption on 16 November 2014

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-16-871-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 871-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Boris M. Shevtsov ◽

Pavel P. Firstov ◽

Nina V. Cherneva ◽

Robert H. Holzworth ◽

Renat R. Akbashev

Keyword(s):

Seismic Data ◽

Explosive Eruption ◽

Atmospheric Electricity ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Electric Activity ◽

Shiveluch Volcano ◽

Good Opportunity ◽

Cloud Motion ◽

Lightning Discharges ◽

Explosive Volcanic Eruptions

Abstract. According to World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) data, a sequence of lightning discharges was detected which occurred in the area of the explosive eruption of Shiveluch volcano on 16 November 2014 in Kamchatka. Information on the ash cloud motion was confirmed by the measurements of atmospheric electricity, satellite observations and meteorological and seismic data. It was concluded that WWLLN resolution is enough to detect the earlier stage of volcanic explosive eruption when electrification processes develop the most intensively. The lightning method has the undeniable advantage for the fast remote sensing of volcanic electric activity anywhere in the world. There is a good opportunity for the development of WWLLN technology to observe explosive volcanic eruptions.

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