scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variation of Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotopes in the Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin, Southern Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Ni Yan ◽  
Jun-Wen Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Gui-Shan Zhang ◽  
Jian-Yang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variation ◽  
Altitude Effect ◽  
Moisture Sources ◽  
Yarlung Tsangpo ◽  
Yarlung Tsangpo River

Characterization of spatiotemporal variation of the stable isotopes δ18O and δD in surface water is essential to trace the water cycle, indicate moisture sources, and reconstruct paleoaltimetry. In this study, river water, rainwater, and groundwater samples were collected in the Yarlung Tsangpo River (YTR) Basin before (BM) and after the monsoon precipitation (AM) to investigate the δ18O and δD spatiotemporal variation of natural water. Most of the river waters are distributed along GMWL and the line of d-excess = 10‰, indicating that they are mainly originated from precipitation. Temporally, the δ18O and δD of river water are higher in BM series (SWL: δD = 10.26δ18O+43.01, R2 = 0.98) than AM series (SWL: δD = 9.10δ18O + 26.73, R2 = 0.82). Spatially, the isotopic compositions of tributaries increase gradually from west to east (BM: δ18O = 0.65Lon (°)-73.89, R2 = 0.79; AM: δ18O = 0.45Lon (°)-57.81, R2 = 0.70) and from high altitude to low (BM: δ18O = −0.0025Alt(m)-73.89, R2 = 0.66; AM: δ18O = −0.0018Alt(m)-10.57, R2 = 0.58), which conforms to the “continent effect” and “altitude effect” of precipitation. In the lower reaches of the mainstream, rainwater is the main source, so the variations of δ18O and δD are normally elevated with the flow direction. Anomalously, in the middle reaches, the δ18Omainstream and δDmainstream values firstly increase and then decrease. From the Saga to Lhaze section, the higher positive values of δ18Omainstream are mainly caused by groundwater afflux, which has high δ18O and low d-excess values. The δ18Omainstream decrease from the Lhaze to Qushui section is attributed to the combined action of the import of depleted 18O and D groundwater and tributaries. Therefore, because of the recharge of groundwater with markedly different δ18O and δD values, the mainstream no longer simply inherits the isotopic composition from precipitation. These results suggest that in the YTR Basin, if the δ18O value of surface water is used to trace moisture sources or reconstruct the paleoaltimetry, it is necessary to rule out the influence from groundwater.

scholarly journals The study of the interactions between Sava River and Zagreb aquifer system (Croatia) using water stable isotopes

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 12017
Author(s):  
Jelena Parlov ◽  
Zoran Kovač ◽  
Jadranka Barešić
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
River Water ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Sava River ◽  
Water Fractions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Sava River

Water stable isotopes were used to investigate hydrological pathways and interactions between surface water and groundwater in the Zagreb aquifer system (Croatia). δ2H and δ18O values indicate a spatial variability of the influence of individual groundwater sources inside the aquifer – local precipitation and the Sava River water. Fractions of surface water in groundwater strongly depend on fluctuations of the river water level and less on the distance from the Sava River. These data extend our understanding of groundwater flow in the Zagreb aquifer system, interactions between Sava River water, local precipitation and groundwater. The results of the research allow more precise monitoring plans and definition of the sanitary protection zones of the well fields in the future.

scholarly journals Ge/Si Ratio of River Water in the Yarlung Tsangpo: Implications for Hydrothermal Input and Chemical Weathering

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Zhifang Xu ◽  
Huiguo Sun ◽  
Jiangyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
River Water ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Iron Hydroxide ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Yarlung Tsangpo ◽  
Yarlung Tsangpo River ◽  
Clay Formation ◽  
Hydrothermal Water

Germanium/Silicon (Ge/Si) ratio is a common proxy for primary mineral dissolution and secondary clay formation yet could be affected by hydrothermal and anthropogenic activities. To decipher the main controls of riverine Ge/Si ratios and evaluate the validity of the Ge/Si ratio as a weathering proxy in the Tibetan Plateau, a detailed study was presented on Ge/Si ratios in the Yarlung Tsangpo River, southern Tibetan Plateau. River water and hydrothermal water were collected across different climatic and tectonic zones, with altitudes ranging from 800 m to 5000 m. The correlations between TDS (total dissolved solids) and the Ge/Si ratio and Si and Ge concentrations of river water, combined with the spatial and temporal variations of the Ge/Si ratio, indicate that the contribution of hydrothermal water significantly affects the Ge/Si ratio of the Yarlung Tsangpo River water, especially in the upper and middle reaches. Based on the mass balance calculation, a significant amount of Ge (11–88%) has been lost during its transportation from hydrothermal water to the river system; these could result from the incorporation of Ge on/into clays, iron hydroxide, and sulfate mineral. In comparison, due to the hydrothermal input, the average Ge/Si ratio in the Yarlung Tsangpo River is a magnitude order higher than the majority of rivers over the world. Therefore, evaluation of the contribution of hydrothermal sources should be considered when using the Ge/Si ratio to trace silicate weathering in rivers around the Tibetan Plateau.

An application of stable isotope techniques for the investigation of geographic origin of water–investigation of the Mareza Spring near Podgorica (Montenegro)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Radulovic ◽  
Micha Horacek ◽  
Goran Sekulic ◽  
Ivana Ćipranić ◽  
Slobodan Živaljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Altitude Effect ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Karst Terrains ◽  
North Western ◽  
Study Monitoring

<p>Mareza Spring is used for the water supply of Podgorica (capital of Montenegro) since over 70 years. It is located in the central part of Montenegro in the north-western part of Podgorica Valley. The recharge area and origin of groundwater of this karstic source are not known well. This is primarily due to the fact that drainage divides in karst terrains are the unknown and insufficiently examined segments. There are a few hypotheses about the origin of water: 1. from the Zeta River which flows few kilometres north-east from Mareza Spring, 2. from the Morača River which partly sinks at the exit of the canyon (around 10 km east from Mareza Spring), and 3. from the Prekornica Mountain recharge area that is located 10-20 km north-east from the spring (that is a karst plateau with average altitude around 1,000 m asl). Therefore, the isotopic techniques (altitude effect, comparison) could be useful for testing these assumptions. In the present study monitoring of stable isotopes (<sup>2</sup>H, <sup>18</sup>O) in precipitation, surface water and groundwater of this area is carried out to determine the origin of water and adequate protection of Mareza Spring.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Importance of Continental Evaporation for Precipitation in Colombia: A Baseline Combining Observations from Stable Isotopes and Modeling Moisture Trajectories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maritza Escobar ◽  
Isabel Hoyos ◽  
Isabel Hoyos ◽  
Juan Camilo Villegas
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
South America ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Inter Tropical Convergence Zone ◽  
Moisture Sources ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
June July

The hydroclimatology of Northern South America responds to strongly-coupled dynamics of oceanic and terrestrial surface-atmosphere exchange, as moisture evaporated from these sources interact to produce continental rainfall. However, the relative contributions of these two source types through the annual cycle have been described only in modeling studies, with no observational tools used to corroborate these predictions. The use of isotopic techniques to study moisture sources has been common in assessing changes in the water cycle and in climate dynamics, as isotopes allow tracking the connection between evaporation, transpiration, and precipitation, as well as the influence of large scale hydroclimatic phenomena, such as the seasonal Inter Tropical Convergence Zone migration. We characterize the isotopic composition of moisture sources becoming precipitation in the Andes and Caribbean regions of Colombia, using stable isotopes data (δ18O, δ2H) from the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (1971-2016) and contrasting it with moisture trajectory tracking from the FLEXPART model, using input from ERA-Interim reanalysis to compute the relative contribution of oceanic and terrestrial sources through the annual cycle. Our results indicate that most precipitation in the region comes from terrestrial sources including recycling (>30 % for all months), Orinoco (up to 28 % monthly for April), and the northern Amazon (up to 17 % monthly for June, July, and August); followed by oceanic sources including the Tropical South Pacific (up to 30 % monthly in October, November, December) and Tropical North Atlantic (up to 30 % monthly for January). These outcomes highlight the utility of combining stable isotopes in precipitation and modeling techniques to discriminate terrestrial and oceanic sources of precipitation. Further, our results highlight the need to assess the hydrological consequences of land cover change in South America, particularly in a country like Colombia where water, food and energy security all depend directly on precipitation. .

scholarly journals Characterizing interactions between surface water and groundwater in the Jialu River basin using major ion chemistry and stable isotopes

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 4265-4277 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Yang ◽  
X. Song ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
D. Han ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Ion Chemistry ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Major Ion ◽  
Well Location ◽  
Contaminant Sources ◽  
The Huaihe River

Abstract. The Jialu River, a secondary tributary of the Huaihe River, has been severely contaminated from major contaminant sources, such as a number of untreated or lightly treated sewage waste in some cities. Groundwater along the river is not an isolated component of the hydrologic system, but is instead connected with the surface water. This study aims to investigate temporal and spatial variations in water chemistry affected by humans and to characterize the relationships between surface water (e.g. reservoirs, lakes and rivers) and groundwater near the river in the shallow Quaternary aquifer. Concentration of Cl− in north Zhengzhou City increased prominently due to the discharge of a large amount of domestic water. Nitrate and potassium show maximum concentrations in groundwater in Fugou County. These high levels can be attributed to the use of a large quantity of fertilizer over this region. Most surface water appeared to be continuously recharged from the surrounding groundwater (regional wells) based on comparison surface water with groundwater levels, stable-isotopes and major ion signatures. However, the groundwater of a transitional well (location SY3) seemed to be recharged by river water via bank infiltration in September 2010. Fractional contributions of river water to the groundwater were calculated based on isotopic and chemical data using a mass-balance approach. Results show that the groundwater was approximately composed of 60–70% river water. These findings should be useful for a better understanding of hydrogeological processes at the river-aquifer interface and ultimately benefit water management in the future.

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