sava river
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2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-275
Author(s):  
Mirza Sarač ◽  
Maja Koprivšek ◽  
Oliver Rajković ◽  
Azra Babić ◽  
Merima Trako ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorazd Žibret ◽  
Barbara Čeplak

AbstractThe sources of Zn, Pb and Cd in alluvial and stream sediments have been studied in the area of historical Zn smelting tradition. 30 samples of stream sediments and samples from 4 alluvial sediment profiles were collected. Fractions 0.125–0.063 and < 0.063 mm were analysed by the means of ICP-MS prior 4-acid digestion. The highest levels of Zn, Cd and Pb were detected in the alluvial sediments in the closest vicinity to the abandoned slag and ore roasting residue waste dumps, reaching 96 and 4520 mg/kg, 522 and 26,800 mg/kg and 3.7 and 31 mg/kg for Pb, Zn and Cd in stream and alluvial sediments, respectively. The Voglajna River then transports contamination particles into the Savinja River, which afterwards flows into the Sava River. Consequently, the anomaly can even be detected in the Sava River, more than 30 km downstream. Higher levels of Pb, Zn and Cd have been found in fraction < 0.063 mm compared to 0.125–0.063 mm fraction. Impacts of historically contaminated soil erosion and in particular the wash-out of Zn-smelting waste from the improperly managed waste dump were recognised as the dominant sources of Zn, Cd and Pb in the stream and alluvial sediments.


Author(s):  
Igor Leščešen ◽  
Mojca Šraj ◽  
Milana Pantelić ◽  
Dragan Dolinaj

Abstract Flood frequency analysis was performed on annual maxima series for 90 years (1928–2017) of discharge data recorded at the Sremska Mitrovica gauging station on the Sava River. The three-parameter distributions (PearsonIII, Log-PearsonIII) are more suitable for modelling annual maxima than distribution functions with only two parameters (Normal, Log-normal, Gumbel). The Mann–Kendall test statistic indicated that there is no statistically significant trend identified in annual maximum discharges or average annual discharges. A positive increasing trend was observed in annual temperature, while annual precipitation shows a decreasing trend which is non-significant. The seasonality analysis found a statistically non-significant weak negative trend in discharge in spring, summer and autumn and a statistically non-significant weak positive trend in winter. During winter, spring, and summer a non-significant negative trend in precipitation was observed, while autumn has experienced a statistically significant increasing trend. Temperatures show a positive trend in all seasons, but only temperatures during the warm period show a statistically significant increase. The results demonstrate that decreasing discharges of the Sava River at the Sremska Mitrovica gauging station are mainly the consequence of decreasing precipitation and increasing temperature (increasing evaporation), which is consistent with the results of other studies of the region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9119
Author(s):  
Andrej Predin ◽  
Matej Fike ◽  
Marko Pezdevšek ◽  
Gorazd Hren

The present paper presents a view of water spilled over hydropower plants as an energy loss. In the current climate conditions, flood events are becoming more frequent due to human impact on the environment; water spills are also more frequent, which means more and more energy is lost. How much water is spilled and, consequently, how much energy is lost is shown in the present article on the chain of power plants on the Sava River in the five years from 2015 to 2019. An analytical assessment of the current situation in the lock was carried out, which showed that the available water through the locks could be used efficiently. The paper presents a case study of one overflow event lasting 48 h. The calculated theoretical losses of energy (of spilled water) and possible technical implementation for capturing losses are given. The proposed technical implementation is based on established technology, so we could expect that the approach is feasible. The results show that the estimated spilled water energy potential reaches about 40% of the actual spilled water or energy lost.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Marina Vilenica ◽  
◽  
Ivančica Ternjej ◽  
Zlatko Mihaljević ◽  
◽  
...  

Here we present a first record of Baetis vardarensis Ikonomov, 1962 in Croatian freshwater habitats. The species was collected in February and March 2020 at two sites in the Sava River. With this record, Croatian mayfly species richness increased to a total of 85 species. In addition, one of the species previously known only from literature, Kageronia fuscogrisea (Retzius, 1783), was confirmed in Croatia. The species was collected in the Rečica River, in March 2020. These results confirm that our knowledge about mayfly fauna in different regions of Balkan Peninsula is still incomplete and is increasing with systematic studies.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1562
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Meaški ◽  
Ranko Biondić ◽  
Jelena Loborec ◽  
Dijana Oskoruš

With its quantities of groundwater, the Zagreb aquifer is an irreplaceable water-supply resource that forms the basis of the water-supply of Zagreb, the capital and largest city of the Republic of Croatia. The depth of the Zagreb aquifer system is about 100 m at the deepest part, and the two main aquifers of the aquifer system can be separated vertically by low-permeable clay deposits. In the area of the Zagreb aquifer, there are several active and reserve public water-supply sites, the largest of which are Mala Mlaka and Petruševec. The groundwater level of the Zagreb aquifer is directly related to the water levels of the Sava River, so any erosive change in the Sava riverbed decreases the groundwater levels in the aquifer. In the last 50 years, the groundwater levels in the Zagreb aquifer have decreased significantly, being most pronounced in the area of the Mala Mlaka water-supply site. This has affected the normal functioning of the public water-supply because the suction baskets of the pumps in the dug wells at the Mala Mlaka water-supply site occasionally remain partially or completely in the unsaturated aquifer zone during low groundwater levels, which reduces capacity or prevents pumping from these water-supply facilities. Immediately next to the Mala Mlaka water-supply site is the Sava-Odra Canal, which was built to protect Zagreb from flooding and into which the Sava River flows when its flow rate exceeds 2350 m3/s. This reduces the flow rate of the Sava River near Zagreb and the possibility of flooding urban areas. To prevent problems with groundwater levels at the Mala Mlaka water-supply facilities and to enable normal water-supply, even in extremely dry periods, several variants of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) are proposed here. In order to determine the optimal solution for MAR and to enable the normal functioning of one of the main sites of water-supply in the Zagreb water-supply system. Groundwater flow for the period of 2006 to 2010 was simulated for six different variants of MAR. One assumes a constant potential in the Sava-Odra Canal, three are related to recharge from the Sava-Odra Canal with different backwater levels in the infiltration facility (elevations of 114, 114.5, and 115 m a.s.l.), and two with three absorption wells upstream of the Mala Mlaka water pumping station (injection of 300 L/s each and 500 L/s each). The most favorable method to recharge artificially the Zagreb aquifer near the Mala Mlaka pumping station is achieved with an infiltration facility using an elevation of 115 m a.s.l. The use of such a facility will enable the smooth operation of the water pumping station and the possibility of increasing the pumping quantities at the Mala Mlaka water pumping station for the future development of the area.


2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Tomislav Treer

Abstract The aim of this research is to compare the average individual weight of the four most important fish species in fisheries (Cyprinus carpio, Silurus glanis, Esox lucius and Sander lucioperca), caught by angling in different parts of the Sava River catchment in Croatia. Significant differences were expressed between the counties along the Sava River catchment, with the smallest specimens (p˂0.05) caught in Vukovar-Sirmium county. Artisanal fishery is mostly developed in that part of the Sava River, along with angling in both countries – Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Furthermore, the inflow of the River Bosna passes through urban and industrial cities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It can be concluded that implementing recreational fishing surveys with the specific aim of obtaining data on average individual weight is useful for fishery management.


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