scholarly journals Neurocognitive Predictors of Response to Intervention With GraphoGame Rime

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Wilson ◽  
Henna Ahmed ◽  
Natasha Mead ◽  
Hannah Noble ◽  
Ulla Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Phonological Skills ◽  
Predictors Of Response ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Randomised Controlled

This study explores the neurocognitive predictors of response to intervention with GraphoGame Rime (GG Rime), an adaptive software game designed to aid the learning of English phonics. A cohort of 398 children (aged 6–7 years) who had participated in a recent randomised controlled trial (RCT) of GG Rime in the United Kingdom were studied. Half were randomly assigned to play GG Rime and the other half were assigned to Business As Usual (BAU). A series of pretests were given prior to the intervention to all participants, designed to measure phonological awareness skills, executive function (EF) skills and the ability to synchronise finger tapping to a rhythmic beat. Rhythmic synchronisation has been linked to reading readiness and early reading attainment, and is related to phonological awareness. Individual differences prior to the intervention in all three types of measure were significantly associated with progression through the game. Gender was also important for progression through the game, with boys progressing significantly further than girls. Vocabulary was not a predictor of progression through the game. Playing time, rhythmic synchronisation, phonological skills and EF skills did not differ by gender. Once playing time and non-verbal cognitive ability were controlled, phonological awareness, EF, rhythmic synchronisation and gender all remained significant predictors of progression through the game. In further analyses comparing these predictors, their interactions and controlling for the autoregressor of prior responsiveness to phonics instruction, phoneme awareness and EF skills were the strongest unique predictors. Analyses with the whole cohort (analysing BAU and GG children independently) showed that all neurocognitive measures contributed to progress in reading and spelling over the school year. We conclude that individual differences in phonological skills and EF skills predict which children will benefit most from computer assisted reading interventions like GG Rime. Further, boys respond better to this computerised intervention than girls. Accordingly, to be maximally beneficial to poor readers, the supplementary use of GG Rime in addition to ongoing classroom literacy instruction could be especially targeted to boys, but should be accompanied by a focus on developing both oral phonological awareness and EF skills.

scholarly journals Using nurses for preventive activities with computer assisted follow up: a randomised controlled trial.

BMJ ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 298 (6671) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Robson ◽  
K. Boomla ◽  
S. Fitzpatrick ◽  
A. J. Jewell ◽  
J. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals A cluster randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of community mobilisation and advocacy on men’s use of violence in periurban South Africa: study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e017579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J Christofides ◽  
Abigail M Hatcher ◽  
Angelica Pino ◽  
Dumisani Rebombo ◽  
Ruari Santiago McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Community Mobilisation ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveThis paper describes the design and methods of a cluster randomised controlled trial (C-RCT) to determine the effectiveness of a community mobilisation intervention that is designed to reduce the perpetration of violence against women (VAW).Methods and analysisA C-RCT of nine intervention and nine control clusters is being carried out in a periurban, semiformal settlement near Johannesburg, South Africa, between 2016 and 2018. A community mobilisation and advocacy intervention, called Sonke CHANGE is being implemented over 18 months. It comprises local advocacy and group activities to engage community members to challenge harmful gender norms and reduce VAW. The intervention is hypothesised to improve equitable masculinities, reduce alcohol use and ultimately, to reduce VAW. Intervention effectiveness will be determined through an audio computer-assisted self-interview questionnaire with behavioural measures among 2600 men aged between 18 and 40 years at baseline, 12 months and 24 months. The primary trial outcome is men’s use of physical and/or sexual VAW. Secondary outcomes include harmful alcohol use, gender attitudes, controlling behaviours, transactional sex and social cohesion. The main analysis will be intention-to-treat based on the randomisation of clusters. A qualitative process evaluation is being conducted alongside the C-RCT. Implementers and men participating in the intervention will be interviewed longitudinally over the period of intervention implementation and observations of the workshops and other intervention activities are being carried out.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the University of the Witwatersrand Human Research Ethics Committee and procedures comply with ethical recommendations of the United Nations Multi-Country Study on Men and Violence. Dissemination of research findings will take place with local stakeholders and through peer-reviewed publications, with data available on request or after 5 years of trial completion.Trial registration numberNCT02823288; Pre-result.

scholarly journals Predictors of response to treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Bentall ◽  
Pauline Powell ◽  
Fred J. Nye ◽  
Richard H. T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Predictors Of Response ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundControlled trials have shown that psychological interventions designed to encourage graded exercise can facilitate recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome.AimsTo identify predictors of response to psychological treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome.MethodOf 114 patients assigned to equally effective treatment conditions in a randomised, controlled trial, 95 completed follow-up assessments. Relationships between variables measured prior to randomisation and changes in physical functioning and subjective handicap at 1 year were evaluated by multiple regression.ResultsPoor outcome was predicted by membership of a self-help group, being in receipt of sickness benefit at the start of treatment, and dysphoria as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Severity of symptoms and duration of illness were not predictors of response.ConclusionsPoor outcome in the psychological treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome is predicted by variables that indicate resistance to accepting the therapeutic rationale, poor motivation to treatment adherence or secondary gains from illness.

scholarly journals A randomised controlled trial of computer-assisted interviewing in sexual health clinics

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richens ◽  
A. Copas ◽  
S. T. Sadiq ◽  
P. Kingori ◽  
O. McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals Randomised controlled trial of computer assisted management of hypertension in primary care.

BMJ ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 293 (6548) ◽  
pp. 670-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
N H McAlister ◽  
H D Covvey ◽  
C Tong ◽  
A Lee ◽  
E D Wigle
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Assisted Management

scholarly journals Predicting Response to Brain Stimulation in Depression: a Roadmap for Biomarker Discovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Camilla L. Nord
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Predictors Of Response ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Clinical Potential

Abstract Purpose of Review Clinical response to brain stimulation treatments for depression is highly variable. A major challenge for the field is predicting an individual patient’s likelihood of response. This review synthesises recent developments in neural predictors of response to targeted brain stimulation in depression. It then proposes a framework to evaluate the clinical potential of putative ‘biomarkers’. Recent Findings Largely, developments in identifying putative predictors emerge from two approaches: data-driven, including machine learning algorithms applied to resting state or structural neuroimaging data, and theory-driven, including task-based neuroimaging. Theory-driven approaches can also yield mechanistic insight into the cognitive processes altered by the intervention. Summary A pragmatic framework for discovery and testing of biomarkers of brain stimulation response in depression is proposed, involving (1) identification of a cognitive-neural phenotype; (2) confirming its validity as putative biomarker, including out-of-sample replicability and within-subject reliability; (3) establishing the association between this phenotype and treatment response and/or its modifiability with particular brain stimulation interventions via an early-phase randomised controlled trial RCT; and (4) multi-site RCTs of one or more treatment types measuring the generalisability of the biomarker and confirming the superiority of biomarker-selected patients over randomly allocated groups.

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