scholarly journals Role of AMH in Prediction of Menopause

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelien C. de Kat ◽  
Frank J. M. Broekmans ◽  
Cornelis B. Lambalk
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Premature Menopause ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Fertility Disorders ◽  
Ovarian Reserve Markers

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is produced by small antral follicles and has evolved over the past three decades as an assumed potential marker of the number of follicles in the human ovaries, also known as ovarian reserve. This quantitative measure, given the gradual decline over time and its non-replenishable feature, could be the dreamed marker for predicting the final exhaustion of ovarian storage: the post-menopause. This introductory chapter summarizes current knowledge with regard to the contribution of serum AMH measurements to predict age of normal menopause and critically discuss its potential in this regard. Furthermore, its predictive role in the context of menopause in association with several frequently occurring fertility disorders such as premature menopause, polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis are discussed. Overall, while ovarian reserve markers including AMH are unmistakably related to age at menopause, they are insufficiently precise to inform on an individual’s journey of ovarian aging.

Role of ovarian reserve markers, antimüllerian hormone and antral follicle count, as aneuploidy markers in ongoing pregnancies and miscarriages

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribel Grande ◽  
Virginia Borobio ◽  
Mar Bennasar ◽  
Iosifina Stergiotou ◽  
Immaculada Mercadé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Antral Follicle Count ◽  
Antimullerian Hormone ◽  
Antimüllerian Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Reserve Markers

scholarly journals Thyroid Hormones and Functional Ovarian Reserve: Systemic vs. Peripheral Dysfunctions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Colella ◽  
Danila Cuomo ◽  
Antonia Giacco ◽  
Massimo Mallardo ◽  
Mario De Felice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
The Relationship

Thyroid hormones (THs) exert pleiotropic effects in different mammalian organs, including gonads. Genetic and non-genetic factors, such as ageing and environmental stressors (e.g., low-iodine intake, exposure to endocrine disruptors, etc.), can alter T4/T3 synthesis by the thyroid. In any case, peripheral T3, controlled by tissue-specific enzymes (deiodinases), receptors and transporters, ensures organ homeostasis. Conflicting reports suggest that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, assessed by mean of circulating T4, T3 and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), could affect the functionality of the ovarian reserve determining infertility. The relationship between ovarian T3 level and functional ovarian reserve (FOR) is poorly understood despite that the modifications of local T3 metabolism and signalling have been associated with dysfunctions of several organs. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of TH signalling and its crosstalk with other pathways in controlling the physiological and premature ovarian ageing and, finally, in preserving FOR. We will consider separately the reports describing the effects of circulating and local THs on the ovarian health to elucidate their role in ovarian dysfunctions.

The predictive role of ovarian reserve tests in the normal population

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. S217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Broekmans ◽  
Ilse van Rooy ◽  
Egbert te Velde
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Predictive Role

scholarly journals The Role of Nonerythroid SpectrinαII in Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Ackermann ◽  
Angela Brieger
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
And Migration

Nonerythroid spectrinαII (SPTAN1) is an important cytoskeletal protein that ensures vital cellular properties including polarity and cell stabilization. In addition, it is involved in cell adhesion, cell-cell contact, and apoptosis. The detection of altered expression of SPTAN1 in tumors indicates that SPTAN1 might be involved in the development and progression of cancer. SPTAN1 has been described in cancer and therapy response and proposed as a potential marker protein for neoplasia, tumor aggressiveness, and therapeutic efficiency. On one hand, the existing data suggest that overexpression of SPTAN1 in tumor cells reflects neoplastic and tumor promoting activity. On the other hand, nuclear SPTAN1 can have tumor suppressing effects by enabling DNA repair through interaction with DNA repair proteins. Moreover, SPTAN1 cleavage products occur during apoptosis and could serve as markers for the efficacy of cancer therapy. Due to SPTAN1’s multifaceted functions and its role in adhesion and migration, SPTAN1 can influence tumor growth and progression in both positive and negative directions depending on its specific regulation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on SPTAN1 in cancer and depicts several mechanisms by which SPTAN1 could impact tumor development and aggressiveness.

The role of ovarian reserve markers in prediction of clinical pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali G. Zebitay ◽  
Orkun Cetin ◽  
Fatma F. Verit ◽  
Seda Keskin ◽  
M. Nafi Sakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Ovarian Reserve Markers

scholarly journals Ovarian Reserve Assessment for Infertility Investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho ◽  
David Barreira Gomes Sobrinho ◽  
Andréa Duarte Damasceno Vieira ◽  
Manoela Porto Silva Resende ◽  
Antônio César Paes Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Ovarian Reserve Markers

The current trends to postpone motherhood and the increase in demand for assistance in reproductive medicine highlight the need for seeking guidelines for the establishment of individualized treatment protocols. Currently available ovarian reserve tests do not provide sufficient evidence to be solely considered ideal, but they may occupy important place in initial counseling, predicting unsatisfactory results that could be improved by individualized induction schemes and reducing excessive psychological and financial burdens, and adverse effects. In this paper, we revise the role of hormonal basal and dynamic tests, as well as ultrasonographic markers, as ovarian reserve markers, in order to provide embasement for propaedeutic strategies and their interpretation in order to have reproductive success.

scholarly journals Self-authenticity, Optimism, and Neuroticism in relation to Basic Psychological Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aimed at investigating the mediating role of one personality construct (i.e., dispositional optimism) on the relationship between self-authenticity and basic psychological needs (BPN) satisfaction. This study also aims to investigate the predictive role of three personality constructs (self-authenticity, optimism, and neuroticism) on basic psychological needs satisfaction. The participants were 566 Romanian adults from the general population (M = 43.66 years old, SD = 10.46), who were asked to fill in multiple questionnaires. Findings reveal that optimism mediates the relationship between self-authenticity and the satisfaction of the need for autonomy (β=.30, R2=.39, p<0.001) and also mediates the relationship between self-authenticity and the satisfaction of the need for competence (β=.51, R2=.36, p<0.001), but does not mediate the relationship between self-authenticity and the need for relatedness. Another result of this study is that the three personality factors (self-authenticity, optimism, and neuroticism) predict altogether the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β= -.11, R2=.52, p<0.05). These results extend the current knowledge about personality determinants involved in autonomy, competence and relatedness basic needs from self-determination theory. In the end, the authors discuss the implications of the findings, the limits of the present study and future research suggestions.

scholarly journals The role of mitochondria in premature ovarian failure: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Ovarian Failure ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Mitochondrial Disorder ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Premature Menopause ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is used to describe women under 40 years old with amenorrhea, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and infertility as a result of cessation of ovarian function. It has been reported that almost 20% of women who consult for infertility have signs of premature ovarian ageing. The mitochondrial disorder is one of the critical agents in premature menopause and the occurrence of POF. Due to the maternal inheritance of POF along with the dependence of folliculogenesis upon the mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetics, it has been suggested that a generalized mitochondrial defect is likely involved in POF. A fuller understanding of the mitochondrial role in POF could contribute to the better management of women with POF in the future. The aim of this review was to illustrate the role of mitochondria in POF. The oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in women with diminished ovarian reserve is significantly lower than in women with normal ovarian reserve. It has been evidenced that mitochondrial genetic disorders and mitochondrial oxidative stress are associated with POF. According to the maternal inheritance of mtDNA, genetic testing should be performed to detect mtDNA mutations involved in POF before starting treatment strategies. If these mutations are present, it could suggest that healthy mitochondrial transfer during ART should be used to prevent the transmission of POF caused by mtDNA mutation to the female offspring. Future strategies aimed at treatment of POF-related infertility should take into account the significance of the oocyte mitochondrial role in the occurrence of this disorder.

Mesophyll conductance: the leaf corridors for photosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gago ◽  
Danilo M. Daloso ◽  
Marc Carriquí ◽  
Miquel Nadal ◽  
Melanie Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Change Framework ◽  
Chloroplast Stroma

Besides stomata, the photosynthetic CO2 pathway also involves the transport of CO2 from the sub-stomatal air spaces inside to the carboxylation sites in the chloroplast stroma, where Rubisco is located. This pathway is far to be a simple and direct way, formed by series of consecutive barriers that the CO2 should cross to be finally assimilated in photosynthesis, known as the mesophyll conductance (gm). Therefore, the gm reflects the pathway through different air, water and biophysical barriers within the leaf tissues and cell structures. Currently, it is known that gm can impose the same level of limitation (or even higher depending of the conditions) to photosynthesis than the wider known stomata or biochemistry. In this mini-review, we are focused on each of the gm determinants to summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms driving gm from anatomical to metabolic and biochemical perspectives. Special attention deserve the latest studies demonstrating the importance of the molecular mechanisms driving anatomical traits as cell wall and the chloroplast surface exposed to the mesophyll airspaces (Sc/S) that significantly constrain gm. However, even considering these recent discoveries, still is poorly understood the mechanisms about signaling pathways linking the environment a/biotic stressors with gm responses. Thus, considering the main role of gm as a major driver of the CO2 availability at the carboxylation sites, future studies into these aspects will help us to understand photosynthesis responses in a global change framework.

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