scholarly journals Neuroendocrine Carcinoma as an Independent Prognostic Factor for Patients With Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiping Yao ◽  
Yanning Liu ◽  
Xue Liang ◽  
Jiajia Shao ◽  
Yina Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Muscle Invasive

BackgroundNeuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare and highly malignant variation of prostate adenocarcinoma. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of NEC in prostate cancer.MethodsA total of 530440 patients of prostate cancer, including neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and adenocarcinoma from 2004 to 2018 were obtained from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching (PSM), multivariable Cox proportional hazard model, Kaplan‐Meier method and subgroup analysis were performed in our study.ResultsNEPC patients were inclined to be older at diagnosis (Median age, 69(61-77) vs. 65(59-72), P< 0.001) and had higher rates of muscle invasive disease (30.9% vs. 9.2%, P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (32.2% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.001), and distal metastasis (45.7% vs. 3.6%, P < 0.001) compared with prostate adenocarcinoma patients. However, the proportion of NEPC patients with PSA levels higher than 4.0 ng/mL was significantly less than adenocarcinoma patients (47.3% vs. 72.9%, P<0.001). NEPC patients had a lower rate of receiving surgery treatment (28.8% vs. 43.9%, P<0.001), but they had an obviously higher rate of receiving chemotherapy (57.9% vs. 1.0%, P<0.001). A Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the NEPC patients faced a remarkably worse OS (HR = 2.78, 95% CI = 2.34–3.31, P < 0.001) and CSS (HR = 3.07, 95% CI = 2.55–3.71, P < 0.001) compared with adenocarcinoma patients after PSM. Subgroup analyses further suggested that NEPC patients obtained significantly poorer prognosis across nearly all subgroups.ConclusionThe prognosis of NEPC was worse than that of adenocarcinoma among patients with prostate cancer. The histological subtype of NEC is an independent prognostic factor for patients with prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Prognostic Association between Common Laboratory Tests and Overall Survival in Elderly Men with De Novo Metastatic Castration Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Study in Canada

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2844
Author(s):  
Christopher J. D. Wallis ◽  
Bobby Shayegan ◽  
Scott C. Morgan ◽  
Robert J. Hamilton ◽  
Ilias Cagiannos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Laboratory Markers

De novo cases of metastatic prostate cancer (mCSPC) are associated with poorer prognosis. To assist in clinical decision-making, we aimed to determine the prognostic utility of commonly available laboratory-based markers with overall survival (OS). In a retrospective population-based study, a cohort of 3556 men aged ≥66 years diagnosed with de novo mCSPC between 2014 and 2019 was identified in Ontario (Canada) administrative database. OS was assessed by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between laboratory markers and OS adjusting for patient and disease characteristics. Laboratory markers that were assessed include neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), albumin, hemoglobin, serum testosterone and PSA kinetics. Among the 3556 older men with de novo mCSPC, their median age was 77 years (IQR: 71–83). The median survival was 18 months (IQR: 10–31). In multivariate analysis, a statistically significant association with OS was observed with all the markers (NLR, PLR, albumin, hemoglobin, PSA decrease, reaching PSA nadir and a 50% PSA decline), except for testosterone levels. Our findings support the use of markers of systemic inflammation (NLR, PLR and albumin), hemoglobin and PSA metrics as prognostic indicators for OS in de novo mCSPC.

scholarly journals Prognostic Significance of Sarcopenia in Patients with Unresectable Advanced Esophageal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiyo Onishi ◽  
Masahiro Tajika ◽  
Tsutomu Tanaka ◽  
Yutaka Hirayama ◽  
Kazuo Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Advanced Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Group 2

The prognostic significance of sarcopenia in unresectable advanced esophageal cancer remains unclear. Our study retrospectively evaluated 176 consecutive Japanese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who had been diagnosed with unresectable advanced cancer in Aichi Cancer Center Hospital between January 2007 and December 2014. Skeletal muscle mass was calculated from abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans before treatment, and patients were divided into sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic groups. Sarcopenia was present in 101 patients (57.4%). Eighty-two patients in the sarcopenic group and 63 patients in the non-sarcopenic group died during follow-up (mean: 20.3 months). The overall survival (OS) rate was significantly lower in the sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group (2-year OS: 9.8% vs. 23.7%, p < 0.01). Cox regression analysis revealed only pretreatment sarcopenia as an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio (HR): 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–2.10, p = 0.03). In the sarcopenic group, withdrawn cases, for whom the planned treatment was discontinued for some reason, showed a significantly lower OS rate compared to complete cases (1-year OS: 11.0% vs. 59.9%, p < 0.01). The most common reason for discontinuation was aspiration pneumonia (64.5%). Presence of sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor for unresectable advanced esophageal cancer. Identifying the presence of sarcopenia prior to treatment may improve the prognosis.

scholarly journals Expression of EEF1A1 Is Associated with Prognosis of Patients with Colon Adenocarcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun kyo Joung ◽  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
Nara Yoon ◽  
Lee-so Maeng ◽  
Ji Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Disease Free

Background: The prognostic role of the translational factor, elongation factor-1 alpha 1 (EEF1A1), in colon cancer is unclear. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the expression of EEF1A in tissues obtained from patients with stage II and III colon cancer and analyze its association with patient prognosis. Methods: A total of 281 patients with colon cancer who underwent curative resection were analyzed according to EEF1A1 expression. Results: The five-year overall survival in the high-EEF1A1 group was 87.7%, whereas it was 65.6% in the low-EEF1A1 expression group (hazard ratio (HR) 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38–4.44, p = 0.002). The five-year disease-free survival of patients with high EEF1A1 expression was 82.5%, which was longer than the rate of 55.4% observed for patients with low EEF1A1 expression (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.72–5.04, p < 0.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level, adjuvant treatment, total number of metastatic lymph nodes, and EEF1A1 expression level were significant prognostic factors for death. In multivariate analysis, expression of EEF1A1 was an independent prognostic factor associated with death (HR 3.01, 95% CI 1.636–5.543, p < 0.001). EEF1A1 expression was also an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in multivariate analysis (HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.459–4.434, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that high expression of EEF1A1 has a favorable prognostic effect on patients with colon adenocarcinoma.

Differences among Men on Active Surveillance for Very Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Detected Through Population-Based versus Opportunistic Prostate-Specific Antigen-Screening

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
Marco Randazzo ◽  
Josef Beatrice ◽  
Andreas Huber ◽  
Rainer Grobholz ◽  
Lukas Manka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Prostate Cancer ◽  
Low Risk Prostate Cancer

Introduction: Very low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) is being increasingly managed by active surveillance (AS). Our aim was to assess the influence of the origin of diagnosis on PCa characteristics and treatment rates among men with very low-risk PCa in our prospective AS cohort. Methods: Overall, 191 men with very low-risk PCa fulfilling Epstein-criteria underwent protocol-based AS. These men originated either from the prospective population-based screening program (P-AS) or were diagnosed by opportunistic screening (O-AS). Results: Overall, n = 86 (45.0%) originated from the P-AS group, whereas n = 105 (55.0%) from the O-AS group. On univariate Cox regression analysis, age (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-1.00; p = 0.05), origin of diagnosis (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.41-1.28; p = 0.001), number of positive cores (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.18-3.90; p = 0.01) and maximum core involvement (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.99-1.05; p = 0.05) were predictors for treatment necessity. On multivariate analysis, age (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89-0.99; p = 0.05), number of positive cores (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.10-3.88; p = 0.02), maximum core involvement (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06; p = 0.04) but not origin of diagnosis were independent predictors for treatment necessity. Four men developed biochemical recurrence (all from O-AS group [p = 0.05]). Conclusion: The origin of PCa diagnosis in men undergoing AS had no influence on disease progression and treatment necessity.

scholarly journals The prognostic value of androgen receptor (AR) in HER2-enriched metastatic breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Xiwen Bi ◽  
Zhangzan Huang ◽  
Jiajia Huang ◽  
Wen Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

The significance of androgen receptor (AR) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains unclear, and it is still largely unknown how AR expression level influences HER2-positive tumors. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive value of AR in HER2-enriched MBC. Primary and/or paired metastatic tumors of 304 patients with pathologically confirmed HER2-enriched MBC were collected and immunohistochemically assessed for AR expression. The associations of AR and other clinicopathological characteristics were compared using the Chi-square test. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. AR-positivity with a cut-off value of 10% was observed in 237 (78.0%) cases and was associated with longer PFS, 13.2 months, as compared to that of 8.2 months (P = 0.004) in patients with AR-negativity. Moreover, a significant increase in the 5-year OS rate (65.3% vs 36.2%, P < 0.001) was also observed for patients with AR-positive tumors. Cox regression analysis identified AR-positivity as an independent prognostic factor of both PFS (hazard ratio = 0.71, P = 0.039) and OS (HR = 0.53, P = 0.013). Additionally, for those who received first-line Trastuzumab therapies, prolonged PFS (15.8 months vs 8.2 months, P = 0.005) and 5-year OS rate (66.2% vs 26.2%, P = 0.009) were observed in AR-positive tumors compared to AR-negative ones. In conclusion, AR was identified as an independent prognostic factor for favorable PFS and OS and could also predict the efficacy of first-line Trastuzumab treatment in patients with HER2-enriched MBC.

scholarly journals Effect of Marital Status on the Survival of Patients With Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Population-Based, Propensity-Matched Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110663
Author(s):  
Sihan Wang ◽  
Liubo Chen ◽  
Dongdong Chen ◽  
Jian Chao ◽  
Yangliu Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Esophagogastric Junction ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Siewert Type ◽  
Siewert Type Ii

Background Marital status has been reported as an independent prognostic factor in various types of malignancies. However, the association between marital status and outcomes of patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) has not been fully explored. To this end, we aimed to investigate the effect of marital status on survival of AGE patients. Methods The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2010–2015) was used to extract eligible patients with Siewert type II AEG. Meanwhile, propensity score matching was performed to match 1576 unmarried patients with 1576 married patients. Kaplan–Meier method with log-rank test was used to plot survival curves, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were adopted to investigate the association of marital status with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in AEG patients before and after matching. Results Multivariate analysis in the unmatched cohort revealed that marital status was an independent prognostic factor in patients with Siewert type II AEG. Unmarried patients had poorer OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.29, P < .001) and poorer CSS (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10–1.29, P < .001) than married patients before matching. Additionally, widowed patients had the poorest OS (HR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11–1.44, P < .001) and CSS (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12–1.48, P < .001) compared with married patients. Furthermore, unmarried status remained as an independent prognostic for both OS (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.31, P < .001) and CSS (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08–1.30, P < .001) in 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis. Subgroup analysis further revealed that OS and CSS rates were significantly higher in married patients than unmarried ones in most subgroups stratified by different variables. Conclusions This population-based study identified that marital status was an independent prognostic indicator for AEG patients. Married AEG patients had better prognosis than their unmarried counterparts.

scholarly journals High PON1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis In Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxia Jiang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Hua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: Relevant study had demonstrated that Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) had relationship with occurrence and development of tumors which suggested that PON1 was a key gene in promoting tumor progression. However, the relationship between PON1 and Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is still unclear so far. Methods: We downloaded relevant data about KIRC from TCGA dataset and compared it with normal renal tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to analyze the expression of PON1. Univariate cox regression analysis and multivariate cox regression analysis were also utilized to analyze independent factors associated with prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to find the signaling pathways of PON1 in KIRC. Finally, we also investigated whether PON1 had relationship with immunity. Results: As shown in results, PON1 expression was decreased in KIRC compared with adjacent paracancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to find the expression of PON1. After survival analysis, the high expression of PON1 was significantly related to overall survival (P<0.001). Univariate/Multivariate cox regression analysis both revealed that PON1 could serve as an independent prognostic factor. To analyze overall survival (OS) of patients with KIRC, nomogram was developed. GSEA revealed that PON1 was correlated with homologous recombination. Besides, PON1 had few relationships with immunity. Conclusions: Our results revealed that PON1 could serve as an independent prognostic factor for KIRC, providing a novel target for KIRC future treatments.

scholarly journals Identification of Potential Biomarkers From Hepatocellular Carcinoma With MT1 Deletion

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruohao Zhang ◽  
Miao Huang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Shengming Wu ◽  
Jiali Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-binding proteins involved in multiple biological processes such as metal homeostasis and detoxification, as well as in oncogenesis. Copy number variation (CNV) plays a vital role in pathogenesis and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, there is no study on the role of MT1 CNV in HCC.Methods: Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) analysis was performed to obtain the CNV data of 79 Guangxi HCC patients. The prognostic effect of MT1-deletion was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened based on The Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-LIHC). Then function and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and hub gene selection were applied on the DEGs. Lastly, the hub genes were validated by immunohistochemistry, tissue expression and prognostic analysis.Results: The MT1-deletion was demonstrated to affect the prognosis of HCC and can act as an independent prognostic factor. 147 common DEGs were screened. The most significant cluster of DEGs identified by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) indicated that the expression of four MT1s were down-regulated. MT1X and other five hub genes (TTK, BUB1, CYP3A4, NR1I2, CYP8B1) were associated with the prognosis of HCC. TTK, could affect the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion and non-deletion. NR1I2, CYP8B1, and BUB1 were associated with the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion.Conclusions: In the current study, we demonstrated that MT1-deletion can be an independent prognostic factor in HCC. We identified TTK, BUB1, NR1I2, CYP8B1 by processing microarray data, for the first time revealed the underlying function of MT1 deletion in HCC, MT1-deletion may influence the gene expression in HCC, which may be the potential biomarkers for HCC with MT1 deletion.

scholarly journals Downregulation of snoRNA SNORA52 and Its Clinical Significance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuan Ding ◽  
Zhongquan Sun ◽  
Sitong Zhang ◽  
Yanjie Li ◽  
Xin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Differentiation Degree ◽  
Nucleolar Rna

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive tumors in the world while the accuracy of the present tests for detecting HCC is poor. A novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC is urgently needed. Overwhelming evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) in carcinogenesis. This study is aimed at analyzing the expression of a snoRNA, SNORA52, in HCC and exploring the correlation between its expression and various clinical characteristics of HCC patients. By using quantitative real-time PCR, we found that SNORA52 was downregulated in HCC cell lines ( P < 0.05 ) and HCC tissues ( P < 0.001 ). Correlation analysis showed that the expression of SNORA52 was obviously associated with tumor size ( P = 0.011 ), lesion number ( P = 0.007 ), capsular invasion ( P = 0.011 ), tumor differentiation degree ( P = 0.046 ), and TNM stage ( P = 0.004 ). The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) analysis showed that patients with lower SNORA52 expression had a worse prognosis ( P < 0.001 ). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that SNORA52 expression was a completely independent prognostic factor to predict DFS ( P = 0.009 ) and OS ( P = 0.012 ) of HCC patients. Overall, our findings showed SNORA52 expression levels were downregulated in HCC tissues and correlated with multiple clinical variables, and SNORA52 was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients, which suggested that SNORA52 could function as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC patients.

scholarly journals Prognostic Models for Patients With Gleason Score 9 Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Qiu ◽  
Desheng Cai ◽  
Zixin Wang ◽  
Jingcheng Zhou ◽  
Yanqing Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Gleason Pattern

Purpose: Gleason score (GS) system is one of the most widely used histological grading methods for prostate cancer (PCa) all over the world. GS can be obtained by adding the primary Gleason pattern (GP) and secondary GP. Different proportions of GP 4 and GP 5 in prostate specimens can both lead to GS 9. In this study, we explored whether GP 5 + 4 or GP 4 + 5 was associated with different prognoses among patients with GS 9 PCa.Materials and methods: A retrospective population-based study was conducted on 10,124 subjects diagnosed with GS 9 PCa between 2004 and 2009 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. A 1:1 propensity-score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the baseline characteristics between the GP 4 + 5 and 5 + 4 groups and to compare the prognoses between the two groups. Cox regression analysis and Fine-Gray competing risk regression models were adopted to screen the covariates significantly associated with all-cause mortality (ACM) and cancer-specific mortality (CAM).Results: GP 5 + 4 was associated with higher risks of ACM and CSM before or after PSM than GP 4 + 5. In the original cohort, there were eight independent predictors for ACM, which were age at diagnosis, race, AJCC NM stage, PSA levels, treatments, GP, and marital status, confirmed by the Cox analysis; and nine independent predictors for CSM, which were age at diagnosis, race, AJCC TNM stage, PSA levels, treatments, GP, and marital status, confirmed by the competing-risk model.Conclusion: GP 5 + 4 was associated with a poorer overall survival and cancer-specific survival compared with GP 4 + 5.

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