scholarly journals A Weak-Consistency–Oriented Collaborative Strategy for Large-Scale Distributed Demand Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Tian Gao ◽  
Xiaolong Sun ◽  
Zexin Yang ◽  
Yujia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Information Transmission ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Weak Consistency

Large-scale distributed demand response is a hotspot in the development of power systems, which is of much significance in accelerating the consumption of new energy power generation and the process of clean energy substitution. However, the rigorous distributed algorithms utilized in current research studies are mostly very complicated for the large-scale demand response, requiring high quality of information systems. Considering the electrical features of power systems, a weak-consistency–oriented collaborative strategy is proposed for the practical implementation of the large-scale distributed demand response in this study. First, the basic conditions and objectives of demand response are explored from the view of system operators, and the challenges of large-scale demand response are discussed and furthermore modelled with a simplification based on the power system characteristics, including uncertainties and fluctuations. Then, a weakly consistent distributed strategy for demand response is proposed based on the Paxos distributed algorithm, where the information transmission is redesigned based on the electrical features to achieve better error tolerance. Using case studies with different information transmission error rates and other conditions, the proposed strategy is demonstrated to be an effective solution for the large-scale distributed demand response implementation, with a robust response capability under even remarkable transmission errors. By integrating the proposed strategy, the requirement for the large-scale distributed systems, especially the information systems, is highly eased, leading to the acceleration of the practical demand response implementation.

scholarly journals Challenges in Integrating Renewable Sources into a Utility Grid

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Utility Grid

In India, Electrical Power System is adapted to handle both constant loads and variable loads, also power is generated in two types; one is due to fossil fuels, and another one is due to renewable energy sources. However, renewable energy sources are playing a vital role in the production of clean energy and also useful for the reduction in greenhouse emission. Nevertheless, when there is any additional change in the generation side concerning to input supply, which is due to the uncertainty of nature, can create new challenges for the system operators and utility centers. It is not an easy task for the utility centres and supply operators to integrate variable renewable energy sources with the utility grid. This paper explores an overview of some operational techniques and solutions, which are helpful for high penetration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy. It also explores operation, control management and challenges due to renewable energy when they integrated with the utility grid. By interfacing of renewable energy sources with a utility grid with proper management and control can provide bi-directional communication between suppliers and consumers smartly. The aim of integrating large scale renewable sources from transmission and distribution network into an existing system is to reduce the power quality issues, demand response, forecasting, peak demand, and improve network security, fast scheduling and dispatch, aiming towards smart grid technology for electrical power systems.

scholarly journals Study of scrambling coding sequence utilization in telecommunication networks of information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Plyushch ◽  
◽  
V. V. Vyshnivskyi ◽  
S. V. Prokopov ◽  
S. M. Ishcheryakov
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Information Transmission ◽  
Internal Noise ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Discrete Values

Problems of securing noise immunity and information transmission concealment in telecommunication networks of information systems are considered. In order to improve performance, it is proposed to use scrambling coding sequences, which spread the spectrum of the bits being transmitted. To synthesize new scrambling coding sequences, tenth degree primitive polynomial is used. Autocorrelation properties of the obtained scrambling coding sequence are studied. Limitations caused by those properties are deduced. In order to establish a possibility of synthesized scrambling coding sequence use in the telecommunication networks data transmission channels, it is carried out computer simulation of the transmission process of the bit set, whose spectrum is spread by the obtained sequence. In the process of computer simulation, a mixture of the desired signal in the form of a scrambled bit set, internal noise of information transmission channel and interfering signal was formed. While the powers of the internal noise and interfering signal remained constant, power of the bit sequence gradually assumed three discrete values. As a result of the research, it is established that utilization of the synthesized scrambling sequence permits to perform extraction of the bits being transmitted, under conditions in which the power of the noise interfering signal and the internal noise of the channel surpasses power of the desired channel by up to 18 decibel. The limitations set by the use of the synthesized coding sequence are described. An inference concerning a possibility of obtained coding sequence use in practical implementation of telecommunication channels of information networks is made.

scholarly journals A New Tool to Assess Maximum Permissible Solar PV Penetration in a Power System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8529
Author(s):  
Dhanuja Lekshmi J ◽  
Zakir Hussain Rather ◽  
Bikash C Pal
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Pv Penetration

With diminishing fossil fuel resources and increasing environmental concerns, large-scale deployment of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) has accelerated the transition towards clean energy systems, leading to significant RES generation share in power systems worldwide. Among different RES, solar PV is receiving major focus as it is most abundant in nature compared to others, complimented by falling prices of PV technology. However, variable, intermittent and non-synchronous nature of PV power generation technology introduces several technical challenges, ranging from short-term issues, such as low inertia, frequency stability, voltage stability and small signal stability, to long-term issues, such as unit commitment and scheduling issues. Therefore, such technical issues often limit the amount of non-synchronous instantaneous power that can be securely accommodated by a grid. In this backdrop, this research work proposes a tool to estimate maximum PV penetration level that a given power system can securely accommodate for a given unit commitment interval. The proposed tool will consider voltage and frequency while estimating maximum PV power penetration of a system. The tool will be useful to a system operator in assessing grid stability and security under a given generation mix, network topology and PV penetration level. Besides estimating maximum PV penetration, the proposed tool provides useful inputs to the system operator which will allow the operator to take necessary actions to handle high PV penetration in a secure and stable manner.

scholarly journals A Flexible Demand Response Dispatch Strategy Considering Multiple Response Modes and Wind Power Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10165
Author(s):  
Haiteng Han ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Tiantian Wei ◽  
Haixiang Zang ◽  
Guoqiang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Multiple Response ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Response Modes

The growth of energy consumption has led to the depletion of fossil energy and the increasing greenhouse effect. In this case, low carbonization has become an important trend in the world’s energy development, in which clean energy occupies an important position. The uncertainties brought by the large-scale integration of wind power, photovoltaic and other renewable energy sources into the grid pose a serious challenge to system dispatch. The participation of demand response (DR) resources can flexibly cooperate with renewable energy, optimizing system dispatch and promoting renewable energy consumption. Thus, we propose a flexible DR scheduling strategy based on multiple response modes in this paper. We first present a DR resource operation model based on multivariate response modes. Then, the uncertainties are considered and dealt with by scenario generation and reduction technology. Finally, a day-head dispatch strategy considering flexible DR operation and wind power uncertainties is established. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy promotes wind power consumption and reduces system operation costs.

scholarly journals Human Capital And Large Scale PV Deployment

2012 ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Biswajit Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based

Energy is one of the central parameters required for human survival after food. “Knowledge is power” and renewable energy plays increasingly important role to run knowledge-based society for sustainable social and economic development. Out of these, solar photovoltaic (PV) energy system is a useful tool to run the knowledge based systems. Apart from research and development, PV systems need suitable human capital for its successful penetration into every nook and corner of the society. The main aim of the present paper is to address the quality and quantity of human capital need in future to bring the solar PV power in the world electric power budget. Analyses on the chronology of PV power systems indicated that PV would be equivalent to other conventional power sources by the year 2023. Proper implementation of PV power systems needs three levels of human capital and these are i. Skilled technicians ii. Experienced technologists and iii. Efficient executives. While the technicians would be involved in the installation, operation, maintenance and monitoring of solar PV systems, technologists need to provide the basis for the liberalization of PV systems and the executives need to develop its market, policy, planning and execution. Academic and research institutions need to develop these types of human capital to match with future demand of the PV power systems. Market and human capital are interdependent and the market for clean energy depends on issues like energy security, climate change, fossil fuel depletion, new and novel technologies and environmentally conscious consumers. The future PV market depends upon how powerful these forces are individually and collectively. Thus the PV communities need to build up human capital as well as newer market to generate demand for human resource for better dissemination of PV power.

Optical Scanning for Large-Scale Studies

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Schach
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Data Reporting ◽  
Reading Error ◽  
Optical Scanning ◽  
Rejection Rates

Data reporting the experience with an optical mark page reader is presented (IBM 1231Ν1). Information from 52,000 persons was gathered in seven countries, decentrally coded and centrally processed. Reader performance rates (i.e. sheets read per hour, sheet rejection rates, reading error rates) and costs (coding, verification, reading, etc.) are given.

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