scholarly journals Oral Pathobiont-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiota Aggravate the Pathology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Yamazaki ◽  
Tamotsu Kato ◽  
Yuuri Tsuboi ◽  
Eiji Miyauchi ◽  
Wataru Suda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Bacterial Products

Background & AimsPeriodontitis increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show that gut dysbiosis induced by oral administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative periodontopathic bacterium, is involved in the aggravation of NAFLD pathology.MethodsC57BL/6N mice were administered either vehicle, P. gingivalis, or Prevotella intermedia, another periodontopathic bacterium with weaker periodontal pathogenicity, followed by feeding on a choline-deficient, l-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet with 60 kcal% fat and 0.1% methionine (CDAHFD60). The gut microbial communities were analyzed by pyrosequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Metagenomic analysis was used to determine the relative abundance of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways encoded in the gut microbiota. Serum metabolites were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics coupled with multivariate statistical analyses. Hepatic gene expression profiles were analyzed via DNA microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsCDAHFD60 feeding induced hepatic steatosis, and in combination with bacterial administration, it further aggravated NAFLD pathology, thereby increasing fibrosis. Gene expression analysis of liver samples revealed that genes involved in NAFLD pathology were perturbed, and the two bacteria induced distinct expression profiles. This might be due to quantitative and qualitative differences in the influx of bacterial products in the gut because the serum endotoxin levels, compositions of the gut microbiota, and serum metabolite profiles induced by the ingested P. intermedia and P. gingivalis were different.ConclusionsSwallowed periodontopathic bacteria aggravate NAFLD pathology, likely due to dysregulation of gene expression by inducing gut dysbiosis and subsequent influx of gut bacteria and/or bacterial products.

scholarly journals The severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut dysbiosis and shift in the metabolic function of the gut microbiota

Hepatology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 764-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Boursier ◽  
Olaf Mueller ◽  
Matthieu Barret ◽  
Mariana Machado ◽  
Lionel Fizanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis

scholarly journals Hepatic gene expression profiles differentiate presymptomatic patients with mild versus severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Moylan ◽  
Herbert Pang ◽  
Andrew Dellinger ◽  
Ayako Suzuki ◽  
Melanie E. Garrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Gene Expression ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Changes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Concomitant Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena H. Kurinna
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) bears serious economic consequences for the health care system worldwide and Ukraine, in particular. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Changes in the gut microbiota composition can be regarded as a potential mechanism of CVD in NAFLD patients.The purpose of this work was to investigate changes in major gut microbiota phylotypes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria with quantification of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in NAFLD patients with concomitant CVD.The author enrolled 120 NAFLD subjects (25 with concomitant arterial hypertension (AH) and 24 with coronary artery disease (CAD)). The gut microbiota composition was assessed by qPCR.Resultsthe author found a marked tendency towards an increase in the concentration of Bacteroidetes (by 37.11% and 21.30%, respectively) with a decrease in Firmicutes (by 7.38% and 7.77%, respectively) in both groups with comorbid CAD and AH with the identified changes not reaching a statistical significance. The author quantified a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of Actinobacteria in patients with NAFLD with concomitant CAD at 41.37% (p<0.05) as compared with those with an isolated NAFLD. In patients with concomitant AH, the content of Actinobacteria dropped by 12.35%, which was statistically insignificant.Conclusionsthe author established changes in the intestinal microbiota, namely decrease in Actinobacteria in patients with CAD, which requires further research.

scholarly journals Disease-Associated Gut Microbiota Reduces the Profile of Secondary Bile Acids in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiake Yu ◽  
Hu Zhang ◽  
Liya Chen ◽  
Yufei Ruan ◽  
Yiping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Secondary Bile Acids

Children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) display an altered gut microbiota compared with healthy children. However, little is known about the fecal bile acid profiles and their association with gut microbiota dysbiosis in pediatric NAFLD. A total of 68 children were enrolled in this study, including 32 NAFLD patients and 36 healthy children. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed by metagenomic sequencing to determine the changes in the gut microbiota of children with NAFLD, and an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system was used to quantify the concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids. The associations between the gut microbiota and concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids in the fecal samples were then analyzed. We found that children with NAFLD exhibited reduced levels of secondary bile acids and alterations in bile acid biotransforming-related bacteria in the feces. Notably, the decrease in Eubacterium and Ruminococcaceae bacteria, which express bile salt hydrolase and 7α-dehydroxylase, was significantly positively correlated with the level of fecal lithocholic acid (LCA). However, the level of fecal LCA was negatively associated with the abundance of the potential pathogen Escherichia coli that was enriched in children with NAFLD. Pediatric NAFLD is characterized by an altered profile of gut microbiota and fecal bile acids. This study demonstrates that the disease-associated gut microbiota is linked with decreased concentrations of secondary bile acids in the feces. The disease-associated gut microbiota likely inhibits the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids.

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