scholarly journals Who You Speak to Matters: Information Sharing and the Management of a Small-Scale Fishery

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Obregón ◽  
Ryan Admiraal ◽  
Ingrid van Putten ◽  
Michael Hughes ◽  
James R. Tweedley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Small Scale

The impact of collective action and market prices

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-583
Author(s):  
Elif Özcan-Tok ◽  
Mustafa Utku Özmen ◽  
Ertan Tok ◽  
Tuba Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Discussion Forum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potato Onion

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the information sharing in an online discussion forum, over an agricultural market characterized by a large number of small-scale farmers, has an impact on the market prices. Design/methodology/approach All the comments posted by farmers and traders on four storable items (potato, onion, lemon and apple) in an online discussion forum over 2013–2017 are collected. By using text mining techniques and regression analysis, words characterizing the actions and expectations of farmers and traders on the course of the market price are identified. Then, summary indicators pointing to positive and negative views on prices are calculated. Finally, the relation between these indicators and market prices is analyzed. Findings The results point to economically significant impacts, as one standard deviation increase in the share of net positive comments is associated with 20, 22, 13 and 10 percent increase in the consumer prices of potato, onion, lemon and apple, respectively within three months. Originality/value Overall, this study provides an evidence for the link between information sharing of farmers on online domain and their collaboration in the physical domain. Thus, the study implies that the information synthesized from online discussion forums may actually contain valuable information for researchers and policy makers regarding the behavior of agents even on traditional domains such as agriculture.

scholarly journals Assessing information-sharing networks within small-scale fisheries and the implications for conservation interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. S. Arlidge ◽  
Josh A. Firth ◽  
Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto ◽  
Bruno Ibanez-Erquiaga ◽  
Jeffrey C. Mangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
General Network ◽  
Information Sharing Networks

The effectiveness of behavioural interventions in conservation often depends on local resource users' underlying social interactions. However, it remains unclear to what extent differences in related topics of information shared between resource users can alter network structure—holding implications for information flows and the spread of behaviours. Here, we explore the differences in nine subtopics of fishing information related to the planned expansion of a community co-management scheme aiming to reduce sea turtle bycatch at a small-scale fishery in Peru. We show that the general network structure detailing information sharing about sea turtle bycatch is dissimilar from other fishing information sharing. Specifically, no significant degree assortativity (degree homophily) was identified, and the variance in node eccentricity was lower than expected under our null models. We also demonstrate that patterns of information sharing between fishers related to sea turtle bycatch are more similar to information sharing about fishing regulations, and vessel technology and maintenance, than to information sharing about weather, fishing activity, finances and crew management. Our findings highlight the importance of assessing information-sharing networks in contexts directly relevant to the desired intervention and demonstrate the identification of social contexts that might be more or less appropriate for information sharing related to planned conservation actions.

Ranking of Information Technology (IT) Usage in Information Sharing & Communication

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul Chalotra
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
It Usage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Small Scale Industries ◽  
Present World

Information technology (IT) is gaining momentum in the present world as it assists in a numerous ways in disseminating and gathering business information in a speedier and practical manner. The present empirical study scrutinizes the mean ranking of various variables of information technology usage in information sharing and communication in 44 small manufacturing firms operating in district Udhampur of J&K state. Primary data stood as the basis for analyzing the research motivation and framework. The primary data were further portrayed in terms of ranking tables and regression analysis. The results of ranking tables exposed that the mean rank & score is highest for the variable Paves way for speeder communication and lowest for Acts as key element of firms integration. Since most of small scale industries are family managed, the variable Improvement in organisations functioning and performance receives moderate mean response. Further, the results of linear regression bared that IT usage in small scale industries paves way for speeder communication and results in improvement of organizations functioning and performance.

scholarly journals Assessing information-sharing networks within small-scale fisheries and the implications for conservation interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Arlidge ◽  
Josh Firth ◽  
Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto ◽  
Bruno Ibanez-Erquiaga ◽  
Jeffrey Mangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Incidental Capture ◽  
Related Information ◽  
General Network ◽  
Information Sharing Networks ◽  
Conservation Interventions

Abstract The effectiveness of biodiversity conservation interventions is often dependent on local resource users' underlying social interactions. However, it remains unclear how fine-scale differences in information shared between resource users can influence network structure and the success of behaviour-change interventions. We investigate this knowledge gap by comparing information-sharing networks in a fishing community in Peru where a trial conservation intervention is underway to reduce the incidental capture of sea turtles (bycatch). We show that the general network structure detailing information sharing about sea turtle bycatch differs from other fishing-related information sharing, specifically in degree assortativity (homophily) and eccentricity. This finding highlights that fine-scale differences in the information shared between resource users may influence network structure.

scholarly journals Assessing information-sharing networks within small-scale fisheries and the implications for conservation interventions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Arlidge ◽  
Josh Firth ◽  
Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto ◽  
Bruno Ibanez-Erquiaga ◽  
Jeffrey Mangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Information Sharing Networks ◽  
Conservation Interventions

Abstract The effectiveness of biodiversity conservation interventions is often dependent on local resource users' underlying social interactions. However, it remains unclear how fine-scale differences in information shared between resource users can influence network structure and the success of behavior-change interventions. Using network null models that incorporate a pre-network data permutation procedure, we compare information-sharing networks in a Peruvian fishing community where a trial conservation intervention is underway to reduce the incidental capture of sea turtles (bycatch). We show that the general network structure detailing information sharing about sea turtle bycatch differs from other fishing-related information sharing, specifically in degree assortativity and eccentricity. This finding highlights the importance of assessing social networks in contexts directly relevant to the desired intervention and that fine-scale differences in the information shared between resource users may influence network structure. Our findings also demonstrate how null model approaches developed in the ecological sciences can elucidate important differences between human networks and identify the social contexts which might be more or less appropriate for information-sharing related to conservation interventions.

scholarly journals Exploring behavioural factors for information sharing in BIM projects in the Malaysian construction industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Khairil Izam Che Ibrahim ◽  
Norsabrina Aine Mohamad Sabri ◽  
Sheila Belayutham ◽  
Abdul Mahamadu
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Demographic Attributes

Purpose Despite the wave of enthusiasm for building information modelling (BIM) as a platform for information sharing, issues from the context of information-sharing behaviours still exist. The purpose of this paper is to explore the behavioural factors for successful information sharing in BIM projects in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, a questionnaire was designed containing seven identified behavioural factors and their sub-elements. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey with 42 experienced BIM practitioners. In addition to that qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine construction practitioners in the Malaysian construction industry. Initially, a descriptive statistical analysis was adopted, followed by multivariate analysis that was employed to examine the possible effect of demographic attributes (i.e. nature of organisation and work experience in BIM) on the behavioural factors. Findings The analytical results indicated that communication, accountability and trust were the top three behavioural factors influencing successful information sharing. Additionally, the majority of the behavioural factors on information sharing were found to be not significantly dependent on both, the nature of organisations and the level of BIM experiences. Overall, the success of information sharing in the digital environment (i.e. BIM) depends on organisational behaviour supported by the collaborative constructs. Research limitations/implications Due to the fact that BIM implementation in Malaysia is still in its infancy, this study was limited to local context with small-scale BIM practitioners. Therefore, their views may not represent all BIM-related stakeholders in the industry. Practical implications The success of information sharing in BIM projects is a result of a combination of various factors, and this study provides construction practitioners with information on the behavioural factors, which could assist them in creating collective and collaborative information sharing in a digital environment. Originality/value Despite the fact that this study is country specific, the paper presents a new perspective on the behavioural context of information sharing in BIM projects. The findings further extend the current BIM literature by providing an insight into what it takes for project teams to reinforce their information sharing in the Malaysian digital environment through improvements in behaviours.

Reasons to strike first

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Buckner ◽  
Luke Glowacki
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Small Scale

Abstract De Dreu and Gross predict that attackers will have more difficulty winning conflicts than defenders. As their analysis is presumed to capture the dynamics of decentralized conflict, we consider how their framework compares with ethnographic evidence from small-scale societies, as well as chimpanzee patterns of intergroup conflict. In these contexts, attackers have significantly more success in conflict than predicted by De Dreu and Gross's model. We discuss the possible reasons for this disparity.

Exploring Coronal Structures with SOHO

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
M. Karovska ◽  
B. Wood ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Cook ◽  
R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Contrast Structures ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Small Scale Structures ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractWe applied advanced image enhancement techniques to explore in detail the characteristics of the small-scale structures and/or the low contrast structures in several Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO. We highlight here the results from our studies of the morphology and dynamical evolution of CME structures in the solar corona using two instruments on board SOHO: LASCO and EIT.

Scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy: New tools for biology

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
CE Bracker ◽  
P. K. Hansma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

A new family of scanning probe microscopes has emerged that is opening new horizons for investigating the fine structure of matter. The earliest and best known of these instruments is the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). First published in 1982, the STM earned the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for two of its inventors, G. Binnig and H. Rohrer. They shared the prize with E. Ruska for his work that had led to the development of the transmission electron microscope half a century earlier. It seems appropriate that the award embodied this particular blend of the old and the new because it demonstrated to the world a long overdue respect for the enormous contributions electron microscopy has made to the understanding of matter, and at the same time it signalled the dawn of a new age in microscopy. What we are seeing is a revolution in microscopy and a redefinition of the concept of a microscope.Several kinds of scanning probe microscopes now exist, and the number is increasing. What they share in common is a small probe that is scanned over the surface of a specimen and measures a physical property on a very small scale, at or near the surface. Scanning probes can measure temperature, magnetic fields, tunneling currents, voltage, force, and ion currents, among others.

Superstructures and ordering phenomena in ceramic superconductors

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Domain Growth ◽  
Small Displacement ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ceramic Superconductors ◽  
Oxygen Sublattices ◽  
Tweed Contrast ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Representative Image ◽  
Static Lattice ◽  
Modulation Wavelength

It is now well established that the phase transformation behavior of YBa2Cu3O6+δ is significantly influenced by matrix strain effects, as evidenced by the formation of accommodation twins, the occurrence of diffuse scattering in diffraction patterns, the appearance of tweed contrast in electron micrographs, and the generation of displacive modulation superstructures, all of which have been successfully modeled via simple Monte Carlo simulations. The model is based upon a static lattice formulation with two types of excitations, one of which is a change in oxygen occupancy, and the other a small displacement of both the copper and oxygen sublattices. Results of these simulations show that a displacive superstructure forms very rapidly in a morphology of finely textured domains, followed by domain growth and a more sharply defined modulation wavelength, ultimately evolving into a strong <110> tweed with 5 nm to 7 nm period. What is new about these findings is the revelation that both the small-scale deformation superstructures and coarser tweed morphologies can result from displacive modulations in ordered YBa2Cu3O6+δ and need not be restricted to domain coarsening of the disordered phase. Figures 1 and 2 show a representative image and diffraction pattern for fully-ordered (δ = 1) YBa2Cu3O6+δ associated with a long-period <110> modulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document