Diagnostic Value of T-SPOT.TB Assay for Tuberculous Peritonitis: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Tuberculous peritonitis (TP) is a common form of abdominal tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosing TP remains challenging in clinical practice. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of peripheral blood (PB) T-SPOT and peritoneal fluid (PF) T-SPOT for diagnosing TP.Methods: PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane, Scopus, Google scholar, China national knowledge internet, and Wan-Fang databases were searched for relevant articles from August 1, 2005 to July 5, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata, Revman, and Meta-Disc software. Diagnostic parameters including pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were determined. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the area under the curve (AUC).Results: Twelve studies were eligible and included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of PB T-SPOT in diagnosing TP were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.73–0.81), respectively, while the pooled PLR, NLR, and DOR were 4.05 (95% CI, 2.73–6.01), 0.13 (95% CI, 0.07–0.23), and 37.8 (95% CI, 15.04–94.98), respectively. On the other hand, the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85–0.94), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.72–0.83), 6.35 (95% CI, 2.67–15.07), 0.14 (95% CI, 0.09–0.21), and 58.22 (95% CI, 28.76–117.83), respectively. Furthermore, the AUC of PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.91 and 0.94, respectively.Conclusions: Our results indicate that both PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT can be served as sensitive approaches for the diagnosis of TP. However, the unsatisfactory specificities of these two methods limit their application as rule-in tests for TP diagnosis. Furthermore, the standardization of the operating procedure of PF T-SPOT is further needed.

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastric Cancer: Identifying Gastric Cancer Using Endoscopic Images with Convolutional Neural Network

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13215253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5253

Author(s):

Md. Mohaimenul Islam ◽

Tahmina Nasrin Poly ◽

Bruno Andreas Walther ◽

Ming-Chin Lin ◽

Yu-Chuan (Jack) Li

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Work Load ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most newly diagnosed cancers and the fifth leading cause of death globally. Identification of early gastric cancer (EGC) can ensure quick treatment and reduce significant mortality. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review with a meta-analysis of current literature to evaluate the performance of the CNN model in detecting EGC. We conducted a systematic search in the online databases (e.g., PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) for all relevant original studies on the subject of CNN in EGC published between January 1, 2010, and March 26, 2021. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 was used to assess the risk of bias. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated. Moreover, a summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was plotted. Of the 171 studies retrieved, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. The application of the CNN model in the diagnosis of EGC achieved a SROC of 0.95, with corresponding sensitivity of 0.89 (0.88–0.89), and specificity of 0.89 (0.89–0.90). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for experts endoscopists were 0.77 (0.76–0.78), and 0.92 (0.91–0.93), respectively. However, the overall SROC for the CNN model and expert endoscopists was 0.95 and 0.90. The findings of this comprehensive study show that CNN model exhibited comparable performance to endoscopists in the diagnosis of EGC using digital endoscopy images. Given its scalability, the CNN model could enhance the performance of endoscopists to correctly stratify EGC patients and reduce work load.

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Diagnostic value of neutrophil CD64, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6 in sepsis: A meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60957/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ke Wang ◽

Shan Cong ◽

Tiangang Ma ◽

Xin Di ◽

Chang Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Neutrophil Cd64 ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract The aim of the study was to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of neutrophil CD64, procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) for the diagnosis of sepsis. The sample articles were searched in various databases to collect published studies on the diagnosis of sepsis by neutrophil CD64, PCT, and IL-6. By using the Stata SE 15.0 software, forest plots and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. 54 articles were included in the study. The number of studies that evaluated the diagnostic value of neutrophil CD64, PCT, and interleukin-6 were 20, 39, and 15, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of neutrophil CD64 for the diagnosis of sepsis were 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81–0.92], 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.91), and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91–0.96), respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of PCT for the diagnosis of sepsis were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78–0.85), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74–0.82), and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the AUC for PCT diagnosis of intensive care unit (ICU) sepsis was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89) and the AUC for PCT diagnosis of non-ICU sepsis was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78–0.85). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of IL-6 for the diagnosis of sepsis were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65–0.78), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.62–0.76), and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.73–0.80), respectively. Of the three biomarkers studied, neutrophil CD64 showed the highest diagnostic value for sepsis, followed by PCT, and IL-6. On the other hand, PCT showed a better diagnostic value for the diagnosis of sepsis in patients with severe conditions compared with that in patients with non-severe conditions.

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Diagnostic accuracy of calprotectin in periprosthetic joint infection: a diagnostic meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-021-02895-4 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jisi Xing ◽

Jiahao Li ◽

Zijian Yan ◽

Yijin Li ◽

Xiaofang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is considered to be one of the most challenging complications of joint replacement, which remains unpredictable. As a simple and emerging biomarker, calprotectin (CLP) has been considered to be useful in ruling out PJI in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and sensitivity of CLP in the diagnosis of PJI. Methods We searched and screened the publications from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from database establishment to June 2021. Subsequently, Stata version 16.0 software was used to combine the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), operating characteristic curve, and area under the curve (AUC). Heterogeneity across articles was evaluated by the I2 statistics. Finally, sources of heterogeneity were detected by subgroup analysis based on study design, detection method, sample size, and cutoff values. Results A total of 7 studies were included in our study, comprising 525 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of CLP for PJI diagnosis were 0.94(95% CI 0.87–0.98), 0.93(95% CI 0.87–0.96), 13.65(95% CI 6.89–27.08), and 0.06(95% CI 0.02–0.15), respectively, while the DOR and AUC were 222.33(95% CI 52.52–941.11) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96–0.99), respectively. Conclusion Synovial CLP is a reliable biomarker and can be used as a diagnostic criterion for PJI in the future. However, the uncertainty resulting from the poor study numbers and sample sizes limit our ability to definitely draw conclusions on the basis of our study.

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Diagnostic Performance of Des-γ-carboxy Prothrombin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2014/529314 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Rong Zhu ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Ling Xu ◽

Weiqi Dai ◽

Fan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background. There have been many reports on des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) as a promising serum marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the results are inconsistent and even conflicting.Methods. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the performance of DCP in the diagnosis of HCC. Following a systematic review of relevant studies, Meta-DiSc 1.4 software was used to extract data and to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Data are presented as forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.Results. Twelve studies were included in our meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of DCP for the detection of HCC in the studies included were 71% (95%CI: 68%–73%), 84% (95%CI: 83%–86%), 6.48 (95%CI: 4.22–9.93), and 0.33 (95%CI: 0.25–0.43), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.8930 and theQindex was 0.8238. Significant heterogeneity was found.Conclusion. This meta-analysis indicated that DCP had moderate diagnostic accuracy in HCC. Further studies with rigorous design, large sample size, and mmultiregional cooperation are needed in the future.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Noncontrast CT in Detecting Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481508100629 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 626-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bing Xiong ◽

Baishu Zhong ◽

Zhenwei Li ◽

Feng Zhou ◽

Ruying Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Appendicitis ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Noncontrast Ct

The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast CT in detecting acute appendicitis. Prospective studies in which noncontrast CT was performed to evaluate acute appendicitis were found on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were assessed. The summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was conducted and the area under the curve was calculated. Seven original studies investigating a total of 845 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86–0.92) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.97), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio was 12.90 (95% CI: 4.80–34.67), 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04–0.20), and 162.76 (95% CI: 31.05–853.26), respectively. The summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was symmetrical and the area under the curve was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99). In conclusion, noncontrast CT has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting acute appendicitis, which is adequate for clinical decision making.

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The Potential Diagnostic Accuracy of Circulating MicroRNAs for Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment ◽

10.1177/15330338211011958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 153303382110119

Author(s):

Wen-Ting Zhang ◽

Guo-Xun Zhang ◽

Shuai-Shuai Gao

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Circulating Micrornas ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Leukemia is a common malignant disease in the human blood system. Many researchers have proposed circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of leukemia. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis of leukemia. Methods: A comprehensive literature search (updated to October 13, 2020) in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was performed to identify eligible studies. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing leukemia were pooled for both overall and subgroup analysis. The meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to explore heterogeneity and Deeks’ funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. Results: 49 studies from 22 publications with a total of 3,489 leukemia patients and 2,756 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the curve were 0.83, 0.92, 10.8, 0.18, 59 and 0.94, respectively. Subgroup analysis shows that the microRNA clusters of plasma type could carry out a better diagnostic accuracy of leukemia patients. In addition, publication bias was not found. Conclusions: Circulating microRNAs can be used as a promising noninvasive biomarker in the early diagnosis of leukemia.

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The Diagnostic Accuracy of HE4 in Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2015/352670 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Daye Cheng ◽

Ying Sun ◽

Hu He

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The diagnostic value of serum HE4 in patients with lung cancer remains controversial. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum HE4 for lung cancer. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WANFANG databases between Jan. 1966 and Nov. 2014. The diagnostic sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were pooled by Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. A total of seven articles including 715 cases and 549 controls were included for analysis. The summary estimates for serum HE4 in the diagnosis of lung cancer in these studies were pooled SEN 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68–0.75), SPE 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88), PLR 4.68 (95% CI: 3.23–6.78), NLR 0.31 (95% CI: 0.24–0.39), and DOR 17.14 (95% CI: 9.72–30.20), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8557. This meta-analysis indicated that serum HE4 is a potential tool in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In addition, considering the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, further studies with rigorous design and large sample size are needed in the future.

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Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound elastography for differentiating benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-2971 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiangfeng Wu ◽

Yue Sun ◽

Yunlai Wang ◽

Lijing Ge ◽

Yun Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽

Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Aims: In the present study, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography for differentiating benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). Material and methods: A comprehensive literature search was carried out through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Two authors screened the papers and extracted the data independently and any discrepancies were resolved by discussion. The methodolog-ical quality of each included study was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and area under the curve were calculated to evaluate the value of EBUS elastography for hilar and mediastinal LNs. Results: Seventeen studies with the number of 2307 LNs were included. There was significant heterogeneity across the included studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal LNs by EBUS elastography were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-0.94), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74-0.81), 4.1 (95% CI, 3.4-4.9), 0.12 (95% CI, 0.07-0.21) and 33 (95% CI, 17-64), respectively. Furthermore, area under the curve was calculated to be 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.88). Conclusion: EBUS elastography is a valuable technology in the differentiation of benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal LNs and could provide supplementary diagnostic information during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. The combination of EBUS elastography and B-mode EBUS could improve the diagnostic accuracy for hilar and mediastinal LNs.

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Reliability of circulating fibrinogen in the diagnosis of prosthesis-related infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-020-02171-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xingyang Zhu ◽

Haitao Zhang ◽

Xiaobo Sun ◽

Yijin Li ◽

Jiahao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Small Sample ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Fibrinogen (FIB) has recently been used as a biomarker to diagnose periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but its reliability is still questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of FIB in the diagnosis of PJI after joint replacement. Methods We searched for literatures published in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from the time of database inception to September 2020 and screened the studies according to the inclusion criteria. Then, we calculated the diagnostic parameters of FIB, including the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), area under the curve (AUC), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). In addition, we implemented subgroup analyses to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Results Seven studies including 1341 patients were selected in our meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of FIB for PJI diagnosis were 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.82), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.81–0.86), 4.60 (95% CI, 3.30–6.42), 0.24 (95% CI, 0.18–0.34), and 20.13 (95% CI, 14.80–27.36), respectively, while the AUC was 0.896. Conclusion The present study indicated that FIB was a reliable detection method and might be introduced into the diagnostic criteria for PJI. However, more robust studies are still needed to confirm the current findings, because most of the included studies were retrospective and had small sample sizes.

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Diagnostic value of HOX transcript antisense RNA for cancer detection: a meta-analysis

Biomarkers in Medicine ◽

10.2217/bmm-2019-0207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 401-411

Author(s):

Weihao Kong ◽

Mingwei Yang ◽

Yunfeng Zhu ◽

Xiaomin Zuo ◽

Hengyi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Antisense Rna ◽

Noncoding Rna ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Aim: Numerous studies have investigated the diagnostic role of long noncoding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA in cancers, but its diagnostic efficacy is inconsistent. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases are used to retrieve relevant studies. The bivariate effect model was used to compute the combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: A total of 13 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were: 0.77, 0.83, 4.7, 0.28, 17 and 0.87, respectively. Deeks’ funnel plot test (p = 0.103) indicated no publication bias. Conclusion: Long noncoding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA may be a useful biomarker for cancer detection.

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