scholarly journals The Diagnostic Accuracy of HE4 in Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daye Cheng ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Hu He
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The diagnostic value of serum HE4 in patients with lung cancer remains controversial. Thus, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of serum HE4 for lung cancer. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WANFANG databases between Jan. 1966 and Nov. 2014. The diagnostic sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were pooled by Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. A total of seven articles including 715 cases and 549 controls were included for analysis. The summary estimates for serum HE4 in the diagnosis of lung cancer in these studies were pooled SEN 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68–0.75), SPE 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81–0.88), PLR 4.68 (95% CI: 3.23–6.78), NLR 0.31 (95% CI: 0.24–0.39), and DOR 17.14 (95% CI: 9.72–30.20), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.8557. This meta-analysis indicated that serum HE4 is a potential tool in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In addition, considering the high heterogeneity and potential publication bias, further studies with rigorous design and large sample size are needed in the future.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of Des-γ-carboxy Prothrombin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhu ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Weiqi Dai ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background. There have been many reports on des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) as a promising serum marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the results are inconsistent and even conflicting.Methods. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the performance of DCP in the diagnosis of HCC. Following a systematic review of relevant studies, Meta-DiSc 1.4 software was used to extract data and to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Data are presented as forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.Results. Twelve studies were included in our meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of DCP for the detection of HCC in the studies included were 71% (95%CI: 68%–73%), 84% (95%CI: 83%–86%), 6.48 (95%CI: 4.22–9.93), and 0.33 (95%CI: 0.25–0.43), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.8930 and theQindex was 0.8238. Significant heterogeneity was found.Conclusion. This meta-analysis indicated that DCP had moderate diagnostic accuracy in HCC. Further studies with rigorous design, large sample size, and mmultiregional cooperation are needed in the future.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Noncontrast CT in Detecting Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Xiong ◽  
Baishu Zhong ◽  
Zhenwei Li ◽  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Ruying Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Noncontrast Ct

The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast CT in detecting acute appendicitis. Prospective studies in which noncontrast CT was performed to evaluate acute appendicitis were found on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were assessed. The summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was conducted and the area under the curve was calculated. Seven original studies investigating a total of 845 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86–0.92) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.97), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio was 12.90 (95% CI: 4.80–34.67), 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04–0.20), and 162.76 (95% CI: 31.05–853.26), respectively. The summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was symmetrical and the area under the curve was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99). In conclusion, noncontrast CT has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting acute appendicitis, which is adequate for clinical decision making.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of T-SPOT.TB Assay for Tuberculous Peritonitis: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Luo ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Liyan Mao ◽  
Qun Lin ◽  
Guoxing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculous Peritonitis ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Tuberculous peritonitis (TP) is a common form of abdominal tuberculosis (TB). Diagnosing TP remains challenging in clinical practice. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of peripheral blood (PB) T-SPOT and peritoneal fluid (PF) T-SPOT for diagnosing TP.Methods: PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane, Scopus, Google scholar, China national knowledge internet, and Wan-Fang databases were searched for relevant articles from August 1, 2005 to July 5, 2020. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata, Revman, and Meta-Disc software. Diagnostic parameters including pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were determined. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the area under the curve (AUC).Results: Twelve studies were eligible and included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of PB T-SPOT in diagnosing TP were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.94) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.73–0.81), respectively, while the pooled PLR, NLR, and DOR were 4.05 (95% CI, 2.73–6.01), 0.13 (95% CI, 0.07–0.23), and 37.8 (95% CI, 15.04–94.98), respectively. On the other hand, the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85–0.94), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.72–0.83), 6.35 (95% CI, 2.67–15.07), 0.14 (95% CI, 0.09–0.21), and 58.22 (95% CI, 28.76–117.83), respectively. Furthermore, the AUC of PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT for TP diagnosis were 0.91 and 0.94, respectively.Conclusions: Our results indicate that both PB T-SPOT and PF T-SPOT can be served as sensitive approaches for the diagnosis of TP. However, the unsatisfactory specificities of these two methods limit their application as rule-in tests for TP diagnosis. Furthermore, the standardization of the operating procedure of PF T-SPOT is further needed.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Gastric Cancer: Identifying Gastric Cancer Using Endoscopic Images with Convolutional Neural Network

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5253
Author(s):  
Md. Mohaimenul Islam ◽  
Tahmina Nasrin Poly ◽  
Bruno Andreas Walther ◽  
Ming-Chin Lin ◽  
Yu-Chuan (Jack) Li
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most newly diagnosed cancers and the fifth leading cause of death globally. Identification of early gastric cancer (EGC) can ensure quick treatment and reduce significant mortality. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review with a meta-analysis of current literature to evaluate the performance of the CNN model in detecting EGC. We conducted a systematic search in the online databases (e.g., PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) for all relevant original studies on the subject of CNN in EGC published between January 1, 2010, and March 26, 2021. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 was used to assess the risk of bias. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated. Moreover, a summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was plotted. Of the 171 studies retrieved, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. The application of the CNN model in the diagnosis of EGC achieved a SROC of 0.95, with corresponding sensitivity of 0.89 (0.88–0.89), and specificity of 0.89 (0.89–0.90). Pooled sensitivity and specificity for experts endoscopists were 0.77 (0.76–0.78), and 0.92 (0.91–0.93), respectively. However, the overall SROC for the CNN model and expert endoscopists was 0.95 and 0.90. The findings of this comprehensive study show that CNN model exhibited comparable performance to endoscopists in the diagnosis of EGC using digital endoscopy images. Given its scalability, the CNN model could enhance the performance of endoscopists to correctly stratify EGC patients and reduce work load.

scholarly journals The value of ultrasound in diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum in emergent or critical conditions: A meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libing Jiang ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Xia Feng
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

Background: Hollow organs perforation is a life-threatening condition. Early diagnosis and emergent intervention are important. Bedside ultrasound may be an alternative diagnostic tool for this condition. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound of pneumoperitoneum in emergent or critical conditions through meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for potential studies. Then, two reviewers performed the processes of study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment independently. Finally, diagnostic indexes were analyzed with STATA 12.0 software (Serial No. 40120519635). Results: A total of five studies with moderate to high quality were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio and their 95% confidence interval were 0.91 (95% confidence interval = 0.86–0.94), 0.96 (95% confidence interval = 0.75–0.99), 22.05 (95% confidence interval = 3.10–156.96), and 0.10 (95% confidence interval = 0.07–0.15), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.92 (95% confidence interval = 0.90–0.94). Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasound is a useful alternative tool in diagnosing of pneumoperitoneum. However, due to limited evidence, it is not yet indicated for routine clinical use.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Detecting Esophageal Carcinoma in Asian Populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Yu Ji ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Carcinoma ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Significant Difference

Background An Increasing number of studies in the literature have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as early diagnostic markers for esophageal carcinoma (EC), but their conclusions remain controversial. Hence, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of using miRNAs in EC and to provide an experimental basis for early diagnosis of the disease. Methods This meta-analysis included 39 Asian studies from 18 articles, which covered 3,708 EC patients and 2,689 healthy controls. We used a bivariate random-effects model, the chi-square test and the I2 test to assess sensitivity and heterogeneity. Results Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of miRNAs for diagnosis of EC in Asians reached 0.798, 0.785, 3.705, 0.257 and 14.391, respectively. Additionally, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86. Subgroup analysis based on research country (China vs. Japan), sample types (plasma vs. serum) and miRNAs (single vs. multiple; singly reported miRNAs vs. repeatedly reported miRNAs) showed no significant difference in accuracy of diagnosis for each subgroup. Conclusions MiRNAs can distinguish EC patients from healthy controls. Blood-based miRNAs have better diagnostic value in detecting EC than saliva-based miRNAs, whereas both serum and plasma are recommended for clinical specimens for miRNA detection.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin for Bacterial Infection in Liver Failure: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xinchun He ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Haiou Chen ◽  
Yuqing Feng ◽  
Baining Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Threshold Effect

The purpose of our studies was to systematically assess the accuracy and clinical value of plasma calcitonin in patients with liver failure complicated with bacterial infection. In this study, we included prospective observational studies or randomized controlled trials on PCT. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Heterogeneity, pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio, pooled negative likelihood ratio, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC), and metaregression analysis were performed using Stata16.0 software. Consequently, the studies revealed substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 96, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 94–99). The results of meta-analysis using random effect models suggested that the combined DOR was 10.67 (95% CI = 3.73–30.53). In addition, the threshold effect analysis showed that the threshold effect was 0.23 and the correlation coefficient was −0.48, indicating that there was no threshold effect. In the forest map, the DOR of each study and the combined DOR are not distributed along the same line, and Q = 2.2 × 1014, P ≤ 0.001 . Furthermore, the metaregression analysis of PCT study design, bacterial infection site, and mean age displayed that the P values were >0.05. The combined sensitivity was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.54–0.90), the combined specificity was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.70–0.82), the combined positive likelihood ratio was 3.25 (95% CI = 2.33–4.52), the combined negative likelihood ratio was 0.30 (95% CI = 0.14–0.67), and the combined AUC was 0.80 (95% CI = 0.76–0.83). In conclusion, PCT has moderate diagnostic value for adult liver failure complicated with bacterial infection, and it is a better auxiliary diagnostic index for liver failure with bacterial infection. However, the results of procalcitonin must be carefully interpreted combined with medical history, physical examination, and microbiological assessment.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of the ADNEX Model for Ovarian Cancer at the 15% Cut-Off Value: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Huang ◽  
Ziwei Wang ◽  
Meiqin Zhang ◽  
Hong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Meta Regression

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the ADNEX model for ovarian cancer at the 15% cut-off value.MethodsStudies on the identified diagnosis of the ADNEX model for ovarian cancer published in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases from January 1st, 2014 to February 20th, 2021 were searched. Two researchers independently screened the retrieved studies and extracted the basic features and parameter data. The quality of the eligible studies was evaluated by Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2, and the result was summarized by Review Manager 5.3. Meta-Disc 1.4 and STATA 16.0 were used in statistical analysis. Heterogeneity of this meta-analysis was calculated. Meta-regression was performed to investigate the potential sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis and Deek’s funnel plot analysis were conducted to evaluate the stability and publication bias, respectively.Results280 studies were initially retrieved through the search strategy, and 10 eligible studies were ultimately included. The random-effects model was selected for data synthesis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89–0.94), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78–0.86), 5.2 (95% CI: 4.1–6.4), 0.10 (95% CI: 0.07–0.13), 54.0 (95% CI: 37.0–77.0) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95). Meta-regression based on study design, country, enrollment and blind method was not statistically significant. This meta-analysis was stable with no obvious publication bias.ConclusionsThe ADNEX model at the 15% cut-off had high diagnostic accuracy in identifying ovarian cancer.

Which blood cutoff value should be used for vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3–10 years? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana S Collese ◽  
Marina M Norde ◽  
Marcus V Nascimento-Ferreira ◽  
Hanseul Kim ◽  
Dirce M Marchioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Severe Vitamin

Abstract Context Blood cutoff values for vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3–10 years have not been addressed in the literature. Objective To identify blood retinol concentrations for determining severe vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3–10 years. Data Sources The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. Data Extraction Two reviewers independently extracted article data and assessed quality. Data Analysis The hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic models were applied for the diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis. This review is registered at PROSPERO (identifier: CRD42020149367). Results A total of 15 articles met the eligibility criteria, and 9 were included in the diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis. The summary estimates (95%CI) were: Sensitivity, 0.39 (0.20–0.62); specificity, 0.79 (0.65–0.88); positive likelihood ratio, 1.85 (1.33–2.57); and negative likelihood ratio, 0.77 (0.60–0.99). The area under the curve of the overall analysis was 0.68 (95%CI 0.63–0.72). Conclusions Blood retinol concentrations have low diagnostic accuracy for severe vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3–10 years. Therefore, there is unclear evidence about the preferable cutoff point for determining severe vitamin A deficiency in children in this age group.

scholarly journals Performance of interferon-γrelease assay in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis: a meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Liu ◽  
Wenzhang Li ◽  
Yunfeng Chen ◽  
Xinmiao Du ◽  
Chengdi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenitis ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

BackgroundThe diagnostic values of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) in tuberculosis (TB) vary a lot with different site of infections, with especially higher sensitivities in chronic forms of TB such as tuberculosis of the lymph node. We conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the overall accuracy of diagnostic IGRA for tuberculous lymphadenitis.MethodsPubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Wanfang and CNKI databases up to February 17, 2017 were searched to identify published studies. The study quality was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 checklist. The pooled estimates of diagnostic parameters were generated using a bivariate random-effects model and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were used to summarize global performance.ResultsA total of ten qualified studies, performed in Korea or China, including 1,084 patients, were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimates of diagnostic accuracy were as follows: sensitivity, 0.89 (95% CI [0.85–0.92]); specificity, 0.81 (95% CI [0.77–0.83]); positive likelihood ratio (PLR), 4.25 (95% CI [2.79–6.47]); negative likelihood ratio (NLR), 0.16 (95% CI [0.12–0.22]); and area under the curve (AUC) was 0.93. According to subgroup analyses, studies conducted using QuantiFERON-TB, in Korean population and focusing on cervical lymphadenitis exhibited relative higher specificity while lower sensitivity. No evidence of publication bias was identified.ConclusionsIGRA exhibits high diagnostic accuracy in tuberculous lymphadenitis. The diagnostic value of IGRA differed by different IGRA methods, ethnicity and lymphadenitis location. Our conclusion may be more applicable to population from TB prevalent areas.

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