scholarly journals Corrigendum: Role of HK2 in the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Haijun Xu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jimei Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

scholarly journals Characterization of the Highly Regulated Antigen BBA05 in the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Xu ◽  
Ming He ◽  
Xiujuan Pang ◽  
Zao C. Xu ◽  
Joseph Piesman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Transmission Cycle ◽  
Microarray Analyses ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

ABSTRACT Dramatic alteration of surface lipoprotein profiles is a key strategy that Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen, has evolved for adapting to the diverse environments of arthropod and mammalian hosts. Several of these differentially expressed lipoproteins have been shown to play important roles in the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi. The BBA05 protein is a previously identified putative lipoprotein (P55 or S1 antigen) that elicits antibody responses in mammals. Recent microarray analyses indicate that the BBA05 gene is differentially expressed by many environmental factors, including temperature. However, the role of the BBA05 protein in the life cycle of B. burgdorferi has not been elucidated. Here we show that expression of the BBA05 gene was exclusively induced in feeding nymphal ticks during the spirochetal transmission from ticks to mammals. Upon generating a BBA05 mutant in an infectious strain of B. burgdorferi, we showed that the BBA05 mutant remained capable of establishing infection in mice, being acquired by ticks, persisting through tick molting, and reinfecting new mammalian hosts. These results indicate that, despite being a highly conserved and regulated antigen, the BBA05 protein has a nonessential role in the transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi, at least in the animal model.

scholarly journals Role of HK2 in the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Haijun Xu ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jimei Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

scholarly journals Role of the Surface Lipoprotein BBA07 in the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 2910-2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Xu ◽  
Ming He ◽  
Jane Jingyuan He ◽  
X. Frank Yang
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Tick Feeding ◽  
Tick Transmission ◽  
Nymphal Tick ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

ABSTRACT Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease pathogen, dramatically alters its protein profile when it is transmitted between ticks and mammals. Several differentially expressed proteins have been shown to be critical for the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of the surface lipoprotein-encoding gene bba07 is induced by an elevated temperature and a reduced pH during in vitro cultivation, as well as during nymphal tick feeding. Expression of bba07 is regulated by the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway, a central regulatory network that is activated during nymphal feeding. By generating a bba07 mutant of an infectious strain of B. burgdorferi, we demonstrated that although BBA07-deficient spirochetes were capable of infecting mice via needle inoculation and surviving in ticks, they were defective in infection of mammals via tick transmission. Complementation of the bba07 mutant with a wild-type copy of bba07 partially restored the transmission defect of the bba07 mutant. Based on these findings, we concluded that the surface lipoprotein BBA07 is produced during tick feeding and facilitates optimal transmission of B. burgdorferi from the tick vector to a mammalian host.

The role of deer in facilitating the spatial spread of the pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hartfield ◽  
K. A. Jane White ◽  
Klaus Kurtenbach
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Spatial Spread

scholarly journals Borrelia burgdorferi Requires Glycerol for Maximum Fitness During The Tick Phase of the Enzootic Cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e1002102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Pappas ◽  
Radha Iyer ◽  
Mary M. Petzke ◽  
Melissa J. Caimano ◽  
Justin D. Radolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

scholarly journals Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in Venezuela and Brazil

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz Manuel Aguilar ◽  
Elizabeth F. Rangel ◽  
Leonardo Garcia ◽  
Elio Fernandez ◽  
Hooman Momen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

After outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Solano State, Venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 9% had the disease. In these foci children, including some under six years of age, wre affected. There was no significant difference in the occurence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. In Solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in Mesquita these indices were 19.8% and 30.8% respectively. The parasite from man, dogs and equines was identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, by zymodeme and serodeme characterization. In these foci there is evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, possibly with equine and dogs as reservoirs, although both a wild enzootic cycle and the role of man as a source of infection can not be ruled out. Transmission is assumed to occur peridomestically by sandfly vectors such as Lutzomyia panamensis in Venezuela and Lutzomyia intermedia in Brazil. Information about the origin of these foci suggests that infected equines may be an important factor in the dissemination of the parasite in a peridomestic situation where these sandflies are abundant.

scholarly journals Borrelia burgdorferi Resistance to a Major Skin Antimicrobial Peptide Is Independent of Outer Surface Lipoprotein Content

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4490-4494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sarkar ◽  
Kit Tilly ◽  
Philip Stewart ◽  
Aaron Bestor ◽  
James M. Battisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Mammalian Infection ◽  
Innate Immune Evasion

ABSTRACT We hypothesize a potential role for Borrelia burgdorferi OspC in innate immune evasion at the initial stage of mammalian infection. We demonstrate that B. burgdorferi is resistant to high levels (>200 μg/ml) of cathelicidin and that this antimicrobial peptide exhibits limited binding to the spirochetal outer membrane, irrespective of OspC or other abundant surface lipoproteins. We conclude that the essential role of OspC is unrelated to resistance to this component of innate immunity.

scholarly journals CsrA (BB0184) Is Not Involved in Activation of the RpoN-RpoS Regulatory Pathway in Borrelia burgdorferi

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1511-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Ouyang ◽  
Jianli Zhou ◽  
Michael V. Norgard
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Regulatory Pathway ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
Carbon Storage Regulator

ABSTRACTBorrelia burgdorferiencodes a homologue of the bacterial carbon storage regulator A (CsrA). Recently, it was reported that CsrA contributes toB. burgdorferiinfectivity and is required for the activation of the central RpoN-RpoS regulatory pathway. However, many questions concerning the function of CsrA inB. burgdorferigene regulation remain unanswered. In particular, there are conflicting reports concerning the molecular details of how CsrA may modulaterpoSexpression and, thus, how CsrA may influence the RpoN-RpoS pathway inB. burgdorferi. To address these key discrepancies, we examined the role of CsrA in differential gene expression in the Lyme disease spirochete. Upon engineering an induciblecsrAexpression system inB. burgdorferi, controlled hyperexpression of CsrA in a merodiploid strain did not significantly alter the protein and transcript levels ofbosR,rpoS, and RpoS-dependent genes (such asospCanddbpA). In addition, we constructed isogeniccsrAmutants in two widely used infectiousB. burgdorferistrains. When expression ofbosR,rpoS,ospC, anddbpAwas compared between thecsrAmutants and their wild-type counterparts, no detectable differences were observed. Finally, animal studies indicated that thecsrAmutants remained infectious for and virulent in mice. Analyses ofB. burgdorferigene expression in mouse tissues showed comparable levels ofrpoStranscripts by thecsrAmutants and the parental strains. Taken together, these results constitute compelling evidence that CsrA is not involved in activation of the RpoN-RpoS pathway and is dispensable for mammalian infectious processes carried out byB. burgdorferi.

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