scholarly journals Gut Dysbiosis, Bacterial Colonization and Translocation, and Neonatal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Chung Lee ◽  
Ye Feng ◽  
Yuan-Ming Yeh ◽  
Reyin Lien ◽  
Chyi-Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis

Gut dysbiosis may precede neonatal sepsis, but the association is still not well-understood. The goal of this study is to investigate the association between gut microbiota and neonatal sepsis, and to seek the evidence of colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the gut before evolving into an invasive infection. A prospective cohort study examined fecal microbiota composition in preterm infants with and without sepsis. Thirty-two very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants and 10 healthy term infants as controls were enrolled. The fecal samples collected from the participants at the first, fourth, and seventh weeks of life underwent 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for measurement of the diversity and composition of the microbiota. The bacterial isolates causing neonatal sepsis were genome sequenced. PCR was performed to confirm the translocation of the bacteria from the gut to the blood. The results showed that VLBW preterm infants with sepsis had lower microbial diversity in the gut at birth compared to preterm infants without sepsis and term infants. The composition of gut microbiome in preterm infants was similar to healthy terms at birth but evolved toward dysbiosis with increasing Proteobacteria and decreasing Firmicutes weeks later. The strain-specific PCR confirmed the presence of causative pathogens in the gut in 4 (40%) out of 10 VLBW preterms with sepsis before or at onset of sepsis, and persistence of the colonization for weeks after antibiotic treatment. The same bacterial strain could horizontally spread to cause infection in other infants. Prolonged antibiotic exposure significantly reduced beneficial Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut. In conclusion, preterm infants with gut dysbiosis are at risk for neonatal sepsis, and the causative pathogens may be from the gut and persist to spread horizontally. The association of increased Proteobacteria abundance and decrease in microbiome diversity suggests the need for interventions targeting the gut microbiome to prevent dysbiosis and sepsis in VLBW preterm infants.

Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants With Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Stoll ◽  
Nellie I. Hansen ◽  
Rosemary D. Higgins ◽  
Avroy A. Fanaroff ◽  
Shahnaz Duara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight

scholarly journals Growth, lung function, and physical activity in schoolchildren who were very-low-birth-weight preterm infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Dill Winck ◽  
João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho ◽  
Deise Schumann ◽  
Helen Zatti ◽  
Rita Mattiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Normal Birth

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare somatic growth, lung function, and level of physical activity in schoolchildren who had been very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) or normal-birth-weight full-term infants. Methods: We recruited two groups of schoolchildren between 8 and 11 years of age residing in the study catchment area: those who had been VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g); and those who had been normal-birth-weight full-term infants (controls, birth weight ≥ 2,500 g). Anthropometric and spirometric data were collected from the schoolchildren, who also completed a questionnaire regarding their physical activity. In addition, data regarding the perinatal and neonatal period were collected from the medical records of the VLBWPIs. Results: Of the 93 schoolchildren screened, 48 and 45 were in the VLBWPI and control groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function. No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function parameters in the VLBWPI group. Although the difference was not significant, the level of physical activity was slightly higher in the VLBWPI group than in the control group. Conclusions: Among the schoolchildren evaluated here, neither growth nor lung function appear to have been affected by prematurity birth weight, or level of physical activity.

Stranger sociability in preterm infants with very low birth weight and term infants

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e602-e603
Author(s):  
W.C. Huang ◽  
W.S. Hsieh ◽  
C.H. Hsu ◽  
Y.T. Yu ◽  
Y.C. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Term Infants

scholarly journals Association of late-onset neonatal sepsis with late neurodevelopment in the first two years of life of preterm infants with very low birth weight

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Regina Hentges ◽  
Rita C. Silveira ◽  
Renato Soibelmann Procianoy ◽  
Clarissa Gutierrez Carvalho ◽  
Gabriela Ribeiro Filipouski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Late Onset

scholarly journals Relationship Between Spontaneous Kicking and Age of Walking Attainment in Preterm Infants With Very Low Birth Weight and Full-Term Infants

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suh-Fang Jeng ◽  
Li-Chiou Chen ◽  
Kuo-Inn Tsou ◽  
Wei J Chen ◽  
Hong-Ji Luo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background and Purposes. Although early kicking differences have been reported for preterm infants without overt cranial sonographic abnormalities, their functional importance remains unclear because no outcomes have been measured. Therefore, the first purpose of this prospective study was to examine the age of walking attainment in preterm infants who had very low birth weight (VLBW) but no overt neurosonographic abnormalities and full-term infants without known impairments or pathology. The second purpose was to examine the relationship between spontaneous kicking and age of walking attainment in these infants. Subjects and Methods. Twenty-two preterm infants and 22 full-term infants were examined for kicking movements at 2 and 4 months corrected age and were followed up for age of walking attainment until 18 months corrected age. Results. Survival analysis showed that infants with VLBW attained walking ability at older ages than full-term infants after correction for prematurity. Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses for all infants revealed that a high hip-knee correlation at 2 months corrected age, a high kick frequency at 4 months corrected age, and a short intra-kick pause together with a low variability in interlimb coordination at 2 and 4 months corrected age were all associated with a decreased rate of walking attainment. Discussion and Conclusion. The results indicated that preterm infants who had VLBW but no overt neurosonographic abnormalities had an increased risk of delayed walking attainment compared with full-term infants. Alterations of spontaneous kicking may predict a decreased rate of walking attainment in both preterm and full-term infants.

Neurodevelopment and Growth of a Cohort of Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants Compared to Full-Term Infants in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
Rubia Fuentefria ◽  
Rita Silveira ◽  
Renato Procianoy
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Motor Disability

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the neurodevelopment and growth of very low birth weight (BW) preterm infants, at 8 and 18 months corrected age (CA), compared with full term in Brazil. Methods Prospective cohort study including 83 preterm infants with BW ≤ 1,500 g and gestational age ≤ 32 weeks, and 52 full-term control infants. Preterm infants free from significant sensory and motor disability, and from congenital anomalies were included. Alberta infant motor scale (AIMS) and Brunet–Lèzini scale (BLS) were used to evaluate the neurodevelopment at 8 and 18 months. Anthropometric measurements were collected to evaluate the growth in both age groups. Results At 8 months CA, preterm infants scored significantly lower in total AIMS score (p = 0.001). At 18 months, they scored significantly lower on the stand subscale from AIMS (p = 0.040) and exhibited poor psychomotor development in the BLS (p = 0.006). The nutritional status showed significant differences between the groups, in both age groups (p < 0.001). There were positive correlations between nutritional status and AIMS (r = 0.420; p < 0.001) and BLS (r = 0.456; p < 0.001) at 8 months, and between head circumference and BLS (r = 0.235; p < 0.05) at 8 months and AIMS (r = 0.258; p < 0.05) at 18 months. Conclusion Very low BW preterm infants at 8 and 18 months CA showed significant differences in the neurodevelopment and growth pattern when compared with their full-term peers.

Suprapubic Aspiration of Urine in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-459
Author(s):  
BRIAN M. BARKEMEYER
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants

The incidence of urinary tract infection in the neonatal period is higher in preterm than in term infants.1 These are typically late-onset infections occurring after 72 hours of age.2 Because the signs of urinary tract infection in neonates are nonspecific, a safe and effective way of sampling urine for culture such as suprapubic aspiration is essential. Although previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this procedure in term and preterm infants, the preterm infants studied previously were undoubtedly larger than those very low birth weight infants cared for in today's neonatal intensive care units, inasmuch as survival rates for these small infants have increased.1,3

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