scholarly journals Propofol Requirement and EEG Alpha Band Power During General Anesthesia Provide Complementary Views on Preoperative Cognitive Decline

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Touchard ◽  
Jérôme Cartailler ◽  
Charlotte Levé ◽  
José Serrano ◽  
David Sabbagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Target Concentration ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Eeg Alpha ◽  
Better Than

Background: Although cognitive decline (CD) is associated with increased post-operative morbidity and mortality, routinely screening patients remains difficult. The main objective of this prospective study is to use the EEG response to a Propofol-based general anesthesia (GA) to reveal CD.Methods: 42 patients with collected EEG and Propofol target concentration infusion (TCI) during GA had a preoperative cognitive assessment using MoCA. We evaluated the performance of three variables to detect CD (MoCA < 25 points): age, Propofol requirement to induce unconsciousness (TCI at SEF95: 8–13 Hz) and the frontal alpha band power (AP at SEF95: 8–13 Hz).Results: The 17 patients (40%) with CD were significantly older (p < 0.001), had lower TCI (p < 0.001), and AP (p < 0.001). We found using logistic models that TCI and AP were the best set of variables associated with CD (AUC: 0.89) and performed better than age (p < 0.05). Propofol TCI had a greater impact on CD probability compared to AP, although both were complementary in detecting CD.Conclusion: TCI and AP contribute additively to reveal patient with preoperative cognitive decline. Further research on post-operative cognitive trajectory are necessary to confirm the interest of intra operative variables in addition or as a substitute to cognitive evaluation.

Identification of Schizophrenia Using EEG Alpha Band Power During Hyperventilation and Post-hyperventilation

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilakavathi Bose ◽  
Shenbaga Devi Sivakumar ◽  
Bhanu Kesavamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Band ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Eeg Alpha

Invisible visual stimuli elicit increases in alpha-band power

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Bareither ◽  
Maximilien Chaumon ◽  
Fosco Bernasconi ◽  
Arno Villringer ◽  
Niko A. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Noise Pattern ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eeg Alpha

The cerebral cortex responds to stimuli of a wide range of intensities. Previous studies have demonstrated that undetectably weak somatosensory stimuli cause a functional deactivation or inhibition in somatosensory cortex. In the present study, we tested whether invisible visual stimuli lead to similar responses, indicated by an increase in EEG alpha-band power—an index of cortical excitability. We presented subliminal and supraliminal visual stimuli after estimating each participant's detection threshold. Stimuli consisted of peripherally presented small circular patches that differed in their contrast to a background consisting of a random white noise pattern. We demonstrate that subliminal and supraliminal stimuli each elicit specific neuronal response patterns. Supraliminal stimuli evoked an early, strongly phase-locked lower-frequency response representing the evoked potential and induced a decrease in alpha-band power from 400 ms on. By contrast, subliminal visual stimuli induced an increase of non-phase-locked power around 300 ms that was maximal within the alpha-band. This response might be due to an inhibitory mechanism, which reduces spurious visual activation that is unlikely to result from external stimuli.

scholarly journals Effects of load and emotional state on EEG alpha-band power and inter-site synchrony during a visual working memory task

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1122-1132
Author(s):  
Jessica Sanches Braga Figueira ◽  
Isabel de Paula Antunes David ◽  
Isabela Lobo ◽  
Luiza Bonfim Pacheco ◽  
Mirtes Garcia Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Eeg Alpha

scholarly journals Psychophysiological Alteration After Virtual Reality Experiences Using Smartphone-Assisted Head Mount Displays: An EEG-Based Source Localization Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Youn Kim ◽  
Jae-Beom Son ◽  
Hyun-Sung Leem ◽  
Seung-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Head Mount Display ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Better Than

Brain functional changes could be observed in people after an experience of virtual reality (VR). The present study investigated cyber sickness and changes of brain regional activity using electroencephalogram (EEG)-based source localization, before and after a VR experience involving a smartphone-assisted head mount display. Thirty participants (mean age = 25 years old) were recruited. All were physically healthy and had no ophthalmological diseases. Their corrected vision was better than 20/20. Resting state EEG and the simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) were measured before and after the VR experience. Source activity of each frequency band was calculated using the sLORETA program. After the VR experience, the SSQ total score and sub scores (nausea, oculomotor symptoms, and disorientation) were significantly increased, and brain source activations were significantly increased: alpha1 activity in the cuneus and alpha2 activity in the cuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG). The change of SSQ score (after–before) showed significant negative correlation with the change of PCG activation (after–before) in the alpha2 band. The study demonstrated increased cyber sickness and increased alpha band power in the cuneus and PCG after the VR experience. Reduced PCG activation in alpha band may be associated with the symptom severity of cyber sickness.

scholarly journals Statistical validation of physiological indicators for non-invasive and hybrid driver drowsiness detection system

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Zilberg ◽  
Zheng Ming Xu ◽  
David Burton ◽  
Murad Karrar ◽  
Saroj Lal
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Driver Drowsiness ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Eeg Alpha

A hybrid system for detecting driver drowsiness was examined by using piezofilm movement sensors integrated into the car seat, seat belt and steering wheel. Statistical associations between increase in the driver drowsiness and the non-invasive and conventional physiological indicators were investigated. Statistically significant associations were established for the analysed physiological indicators – car seat movement magnitude and (electroencephalogram) EEG alpha band power percentage. All of the associastions were physiologically plausible with increase in probability of drowsiness associated with increases in the EEG alpha band power percentage and reduction in the seat movement magnitude. Adding a non-invasive measure such as seat movement magnitude to any combination of the EEG derived physiological predictors always resulted in improvement of associations. These findings can serve as a foundation for designing the vehicle-based fatigue countermeasure device as well as highlight potential difficulties and limitations of detection algorithm for such devices.

scholarly journals Stabilizing membrane domains antagonizes n-alcohol anesthesia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.B. Machta ◽  
E. Grey ◽  
M. Nouri ◽  
N.L.C. McCarthy ◽  
E.M. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Membrane Domains ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Membrane Heterogeneity ◽  
Anesthetic Potency ◽  
Better Than

AbstractDiverse molecules induce general anesthesia with potency strongly correlated both with their hydrophobicity and their effects on certain ion channels. We recently observed that several n-alcohol anesthetics inhibit heterogeneity in plasma membrane derived vesicles by lowering the critical temperature (Tc) for phase separation. Here we exploit conditions that stabilize membrane heterogeneity to further test the correlation between the anesthetic potency of n-alcohols and effects on Tc. First we show that hexadecanol acts oppositely to n-alcohol anesthetics on membrane mixing and antagonizes ethanol induced anesthesia in a tadpole behavioral assay. Second, we show that two previously described ‘intoxication reversers’ raise Tc and counter ethanol’s effects in vesicles, mimicking the findings of previous electrophysiological and behavioral measurements. Third, we find that hydrostatic pressure, long known to reverse anesthesia, also raises Tc in vesicles with a magnitude that counters the effect of butanol at relevant concentrations and pressures. Taken together,these results demonstrate that ΔTc predicts anesthetic potency for n-alcohols better than hydrophobicity in a range of contexts, supporting a mechanistic role for membrane heterogeneity in general anesthesia.

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