Changes of Structural and Functional Attention Control Networks in Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Objective: This study aimed to explore the structural changes in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and to investigate the altered attentional control networks using functional MRI (fMRI) during the performance of a modified Stroop task with Chinese characters.Methods: High-resolution three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted images and an fMRI scan were taken from 18 patients with SCH and 18 matched control subjects. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Chinese-revised (MoCA-CR) and the Stroop task were used to evaluate the cognitive and attention control of the participants.Results: Compared to controls, the VBM results showed decreased gray matter volumes (GMVs) in bilateral prefrontal cortices (PFCs, including middle, medial, and inferior frontal gyri), cingulate gyrus, precuneus, left middle temporal gyrus, and insula in patients with SCH. The fMRI results showed a distributed network of brain regions in both groups, consisting of PFCs (including superior and middle and inferior frontal cortices), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus, as well as the insula and caudate nucleus. Compared to controls, the SCH group had lower activation of the above brain areas, especially during the color-naming task. In addition, the normalized GMV (nGMV) was negatively correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level (r = −0.722, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Results indicate that patients with SCH exhibit reduced GMVs, altered BOLD signals, and activation in regions associated with attention control, which further suggest that patients with SCH may have attentional control deficiency, and the weakened PFC–ACC–precuneus brain network might be one of the neural mechanisms. Negative correlations between nGMV and TSH suggest that TSH elevation may induce abnormalities in the cortex.

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Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activity During a Counting Stroop Task Predicts Successful Smoking Cessation

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.217.00296 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Kr�nke Klaus-Martin ◽

Wolff Max ◽

Benz Annika ◽

Goschke Thomas

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activity

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Meta-analysis of cortical thickness abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/s41386-019-0563-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 703-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Qian Li ◽

Youjin Zhao ◽

Ziqi Chen ◽

Jingyi Long ◽

Jing Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Cortical Thickness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Temporal Cortex ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Major Depressive

Abstract Alterations in cortical thickness have been identified in major depressive disorder (MDD), but findings have been variable and inconsistent. To date, no reliable tools have been available for the meta-analysis of surface-based morphometric (SBM) studies to effectively characterize what has been learned in previous studies, and drug treatments may have differentially impacted findings. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that explored cortical thickness in medication-free patients with MDD, using a newly developed meta-analytic mask compatible with seed-based d mapping (SDM) meta-analytic software. We performed the meta-regression to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics on variation in cortical thickness in MDD. Fifteen studies describing 529 patients and 586 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Medication-free patients with MDD, relative to HCs, showed a complex pattern of increased cortical thickness in some areas (posterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) and decreased cortical thickness in others (gyrus rectus, orbital segment of the superior frontal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus). Most findings in the whole sample analysis were confirmed in a meta-analysis of studies recruiting medication-naive patients. Using the new mask specifically developed for SBM studies, this SDM meta-analysis provides evidence for regional cortical thickness alterations in MDD, mainly involving increased cortical thickness in the default mode network and decreased cortical thickness in the orbitofrontal and temporal cortex.

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Practice dependent alterations in activation of the anterior cingulate cortex during the Stroop task: A positron emission tomography study

NeuroImage ◽

10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80195-9 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. S193

Author(s):

C. Pantelis ◽

G. Egan ◽

A. Pipingas ◽

P. Maruff ◽

G. O'Keefe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positron Emission Tomography ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Positron Emission Tomography Study ◽

Positron Emission

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INTERACTION BETWEEN DARPP-32 AND DRD2 GENETIC VARIANTS ON ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX ACTIVITY DURING ATTENTIONAL CONTROL IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.888 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 117 (2-3) ◽

pp. 472

Author(s):

Paolo Taurisano ◽

Giuseppe Blasi ◽

Apostolos Papazacharias ◽

Raffaella Romano ◽

Gianluca Ursini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Attentional Control ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activity

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Musical Hallucinations in Chronic Pain: The Anterior Cingulate Cortex Regulates Internally Generated Percepts

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.669172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ashlyn Schmitgen ◽

Jeremy Saal ◽

Narayan Sankaran ◽

Maansi Desai ◽

Isabella Joseph ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Case Series ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Brain Network ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Functional Brain Network ◽

Band Activity ◽

Stimulation Of

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been extensively implicated in the functional brain network underlying chronic pain. Electrical stimulation of the ACC has been proposed as a therapy for refractory chronic pain, although, mechanisms of therapeutic action are still unclear. As stimulation of the ACC has been reported to produce many different behavioral and perceptual responses, this region likely plays a varied role in sensory and emotional integration as well as modulating internally generated perceptual states. In this case series, we report the emergence of subjective musical hallucinations (MH) after electrical stimulation of the ACC in two patients with refractory chronic pain. In an N-of-1 analysis from one patient, we identified neural activity (local field potentials) that distinguish MH from both the non-MH condition and during a task involving music listening. Music hallucinations were associated with reduced alpha band activity and increased gamma band activity in the ACC. Listening to similar music was associated with different changes in ACC alpha and gamma power, extending prior results that internally generated perceptual phenomena are supported by circuits in the ACC. We discuss these findings in the context of phantom perceptual phenomena and posit a framework whereby chronic pain may be interpreted as a persistent internally generated percept.

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Mild Traumatic Brain Injury is Associated With Effect of Inflammation on Structural Changes of Default Mode Network in Those Developing Chronic Pain

10.21203/rs.3.rs-54219/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xuan Niu ◽

Lijun Bai ◽

Yingxiang Sun ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Guanghui Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Pain Modulation ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background：Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is higher prevalence (more than 50%) to develop chronic posttraumatic headache (CPTH) compared with moderate or severe TBI. However, the underlying neural mechanism for CPTH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the inflammation level and cortical volume changes in patients with acute PTH (APTH) and further examine their potential in identifying patients who finally developing CPTH at follow-up.Methods：77 mTBI patients initially underwent neuropsychological measurements, 9-plex panel of serum cytokines and MRI scans within 7 days post-injury (T-1) and 54 (70.1%) of patients follow-up at 3-month (T-2). 42 matched healthy controls completed the same protocol at T-1 once. Results：MTBI patients with APTH presented significantly increased GM volume mainly in the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC), of which the dPCC volume can predict much worse impact of headache on patients’ lives by HIT-6 (β = 0.389, P = 0.007). Serum levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) were also elevated in these patients, and its effect on the impact of headache on quality of life was partially mediated by the dPCC volume (mean [SE] indirect effect, 0.088 [0.0462], 95% CI, 0.01-0.164). Longitudinal analysis showed that the dACC and dPCC volumes as well as CCL2 levels persistently increased in patients developing CPTH 3 month postinjury. Conclusion：The findings suggested that structural remodelling of DMN brain regions were involved in the progression from acute to chronic PTH following mTBI, which also mediated the effect of inflammation processes on pain modulation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT02868684; registered 16 August 2016.

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The role of the anterior cingulate cortex in the counting Stroop task

Experimental Brain Research ◽

10.1007/s00221-003-1665-4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 154 (3) ◽

pp. 355-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Gail Hayward ◽

Guy M. Goodwin ◽

Catherine J. Harmer

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate

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The Time Course of Activity within the Dorsal and Rostral-Ventral Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Emotional Stroop Task

Brain Topography ◽

10.1007/s10548-016-0521-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 30-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Farah Shahnaz Feroz ◽

Gregor Leicht ◽

Saskia Steinmann ◽

Christina Andreou ◽

Christoph Mulert

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Time Course ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Emotional Stroop ◽

Emotional Stroop Task

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Prior cocaine self-administration impairs attention signals in anterior cingulate cortex

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/s41386-019-0578-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 833-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniela Vázquez ◽

Heather J. Pribut ◽

Amanda C. Burton ◽

Stephen S. Tennyson ◽

Matthew R. Roesch

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Attentional Control ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Withdrawal Period ◽

Self Administration ◽

Neural Signals ◽

Experimental Group

AbstractAlthough maladaptive decision-making is a defining feature of drug abuse and addiction, we have yet to ascertain how cocaine self-administration disrupts neural signals in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a brain region thought to contribute to attentional control. To address this issue, rats were trained on a reward-guided decision-making task; reward value was manipulated by independently varying the size of or the delay to reward over several trial blocks. Subsequently, rats self-administered either a cocaine (experimental group) or sucrose (control) during 12 consecutive days, after which they underwent a 1-month withdrawal period. Upon completion of this period, rats performed the previously learned reward-guided decision-making task while we recorded from single neurons in ACC. We demonstrate that prior cocaine self-administration attenuates attention and attention-related ACC signals in an intake-dependent manner, and that changes in attention are decoupled from ACC firing. These effects likely contribute to the impaired decision-making—typified by chronic substance abuse and relapse—observed after drug use.

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