scholarly journals Emerging Understanding of the Mechanism of Action for Dimethyl Fumarate in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Mills ◽  
Magdalena A. Ogrodnik ◽  
Andrew Plave ◽  
Yang Mao-Draayer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate

scholarly journals Therapeutic Value of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Efficacy of New Therapies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
María José Zarzuelo Romero ◽  
Cristina Pérez Ramírez ◽  
María Isabel Carrasco Campos ◽  
Almudena Sánchez Martín ◽  
Miguel Ángel Calleja Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
New Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
The Impact

The introduction of new therapies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is a very recent phenomenon and little is known of their mechanism of action. Moreover, the response is subject to interindividual variability and may be affected by genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in the genes implicated in the pathologic environment, pharmacodynamics, and metabolism of the disease or in the mechanism of action of the medications, influencing the effectiveness of these therapies. This review evaluates the impact of pharmacogenetics on the response to treatment with new therapies in patients diagnosed with MS. The results suggest that polymorphisms detected in the GSTP1, ITGA4, NQO1, AKT1, and GP6 genes, for treatment with natalizumab, ZMIZ1, for fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate, ADA, for cladribine, and NOX3, for dimethyl fumarate, may be used in the future as predictive markers of treatment response to new therapies in MS patients. However, there are few existing studies and their samples are small, making it difficult to generalize the role of these genes in treatment with new therapies. Studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are therefore needed to confirm the results of these studies.

Insight into the mechanism of action of dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar Yadav ◽  
Devika Soin ◽  
Kouichi Ito ◽  
Suhayl Dhib-Jalbut
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Hematological Alterations Related to Treatment with Teriflunomide and Dimethyl Fumarate in Multiple Sclerosis

NeuroSci ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Daniel Apolinar García-Estévez
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Hematological Alterations

The exact mechanism of action of different modifying treatments in the evolutionary course of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unknown, but it is assumed that they act upon the cells involved in acquired immunity. One effect of these treatments is the development of lymphopenia, which carries inherent safety risks. This study was conducted to understand the alterations that teriflunomide (TERI) and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) exert upon white blood cells in a series of patients with MS. This study included a total of 99 patients; 44 treated with DMF and 55 patients treated with TERI. Blood counts were evaluated at baseline and every 6 months in order to track the absolute leukocyte, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts. Twelve months after starting treatment, we observed a significant decrease in leukocytes (21.1%), lymphocytes (39.1%), and neutrophils (10%) in the DMF group. In the TERI group, leukocytes decreased by 11.1%, lymphocytes by 8.1%, and neutrophils by 15.7%. Both TERI and DMF produced a significant decrease in leukocytes during the first year of treatment and this was mainly related with a decrease in neutrophils in the TERI group and a decrease in lymphocytes in the DMF group.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on multiple sclerosis care and management: Results from the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110053
Author(s):  
Emilio Portaccio ◽  
Mattia Fonderico ◽  
Bernhard Hemmer ◽  
Tobias Derfuss ◽  
Bruno Stankoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
European Committee ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Anti Cd20 ◽  
The Impact

Background: The spread of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) poses unique challenges in the management of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Objectives: To collect data about the impact of COVID-19 emergency on access to care for PwMS and on MS treatment practices. Methods: Between March and July 2020, the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) promoted an online survey covering patient access to care, management of relapses and visits, disease-modifying therapy (DMT) and experience with COVID-19. Results: Three-hundred and sixty neurologists from 52 countries (68% from Europe) completed the survey. 98% reported COVID-19-related restrictions. Telemedicine was adopted to overcome the limited access to care and was newly activated (73%) or widely implemented (17%). 70% reported changes in DMT management. Interferons and glatiramer were considered safe. Dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide and fingolimod were considered safe except for patients developing lymphopenia. No modifications were considered for natalizumab in 64%, cladribine in 24%, anti-CD20 in 22% and alemtuzumab in 17%; 18% (for alemtuzumab and cladribine) and 43% (for anti-CD20) considered postponing treatment. Conclusion: The ECTRIMS survey highlighted the challenges in keeping standards of care in clinical practice. Telemedicine clearly needs to be implemented. Gathering data on DMT safety will remain crucial to inform treatment decisions.

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