scholarly journals Predictors and Correlates of Depression in Retired Elite Level Rugby League Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant L. Iverson ◽  
Ryan Van Patten ◽  
Douglas P. Terry ◽  
Christopher R. Levi ◽  
Andrew J. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Epworth Sleepiness Scale ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interference Score

Background: There is considerable interest in determining whether later-in-life depression is associated with lifetime history of concussions or the duration of a career in professional contact and collision sports. Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport involving a large number of tackles per game and a high rate of concussions. We examined predictors and correlates of depression in retired elite level rugby league players in Australia.Methods: Retired elite level rugby league players (N = 141, age: M = 52.6, SD = 13.8; Range = 30–89 years) completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), Brief Pain Inventory, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale; they also reported on lifetime history of concussions. The DASS depression score was regressed on age, total number of self-reported concussions, years played professionally, CD-RISC score, BPI pain interference score, and ESS score.Results: The retired players reported a median of 15 total lifetime concussions [interquartile range (IQR) = 6–30], and a median of 8 years playing professional sports (IQR = 3.5–11). The proportion of the sample endorsing at least mild current depression was 29%. The DASS depression score was positively correlated with the DASS anxiety (r = 0.54) and DASS stress scores (r = 0.58). The CD-RISC score was negatively correlated with the depression score (r = −0.53). Depression scores were not significantly correlated with pain severity (r = 0.14), and were weakly correlated with life interference due to pain (r = 0.20) and years playing professional sports (r = −0.17). Depression scores were not significantly correlated with lifetime history of concussions (r = 0.14). A multiple regression model, with age, total number of self-reported concussions, years played professionally, the CD-RISC, Brief Pain Inventory-pain interference score, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score as predictors was significant, with 35% of the variance in DASS depression accounted for. The two significant independent predictors of depression were lower resilience and greater life interference due to pain.Conclusions: This is the first large study of depression in retired rugby league players. Depression in these retired players was not meaningfully associated with lifetime history of concussions or number of years playing elite level collision sport. Depression was associated with current anxiety, stress, resilience, and life interference due to chronic pain.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between a Lifetime History of Sexual Victimization and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110216
Author(s):  
Brooke N. Lombardi ◽  
Todd M. Jensen ◽  
Anna B. Parisi ◽  
Melissa Jenkins ◽  
Sarah E. Bledsoe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Size Estimate ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Size Estimate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Size Estimates

Background: The association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and the well-being of women during the perinatal period has received increasing attention. However, research investigating this relationship has yet to be systematically reviewed or quantitatively synthesized. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to calculate the pooled effect size estimate of the statistical association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and perinatal depression (PND). Method: Four bibliographic databases were systematically searched, and reference harvesting was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles that empirically examined associations between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. A random effects model was used to ascertain an overall pooled effect size estimate in the form of an odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to assess whether particular study features and sample characteristic (e.g., race and ethnicity) influenced the magnitude of effect size estimates. Results: This review included 36 studies, with 45 effect size estimates available for meta-analysis. Women with a lifetime history of sexual victimization had 51% greater odds of experiencing PND relative to women with no history of sexual victimization ( OR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.35, 1.67]). Effect size estimates varied considerably according to the PND instrument used in each study and the racial/ethnic composition of each sample. Conclusion: Findings provide compelling evidence for an association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. Future research should focus on screening practices and interventions that identify and support survivors of sexual victimization perinatally.

Lifetime History of Tobacco Consumption and K-ras Mutations in Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreas ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Crous-Bou ◽  
Miquel Porta ◽  
Tom??s L??pez ◽  
Manuel Jariod ◽  
N??ria Malats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Ras Mutations ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Cancer

scholarly journals HTLV-1 infection is associated with a history of active tuberculosis among family members of HTLV-1-infected patients in Peru

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
pp. 1076-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. VERDONCK ◽  
E. GONZÁLEZ ◽  
W. SCHROOTEN ◽  
G. VANHAM ◽  
E. GOTUZZO
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Index Cases

SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to assess the association between human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) and a lifetime history of active tuberculosis (TB) among relatives of HTLV-1-infected patients. We reviewed clinical charts of all relatives of HTLV-1-infected index cases who attended our institute in Lima from 1990–2004. The data of 1233 relatives was analysed; 394 (32·0%) were HTLV-1 positive. Eighty-one subjects (6·6%) had a history of active TB, including 45/394 (11·4%) HTLV-1-positive and 36/839 (4·3%) HTLV-1-negative relatives (P<0·001). On multivariate analysis, three factors were associated with TB history: HTLV-1 infection (adjusted OR 2·5, 95% CI 1·6–3·9), age (adjusted OR 1·3, 95% CI 1·1–1·5 per 10-year age increase) and relation to the index case (adjusted OR 2·6, 95% CI 1·3–5·1, for siblingsvs. spouses of index cases). In conclusion, HTLV-1 infection may increase the susceptibility to active TB. In populations where both infections are frequent, such an association could affect the dynamics of TB.

scholarly journals Lifetime prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury in patients with eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cucchi ◽  
D. Ryan ◽  
G. Konstantakopoulos ◽  
S. Stroumpa ◽  
A. Ş. Kaçar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundAgainst a backdrop of increasing research, clinical and taxonomic attention in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), evidence suggests a link between NSSI and eating disorders (ED). The frequency estimates of NSSI in ED vary widely. Little is known about the sources of this variation, and no meta-analysis has quantified the association between ED and NSSI.MethodUsing random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression analyses, and 1816–6466 unique participants with various ED, we estimated the weighted average percentage of individuals with ED, those with anorexia nervosa (AN) and those with bulimia nervosa (BN) who are reported to have a lifetime history of NSSI across studies. We further examined predictors of NSSI in ED.ResultsThe weighted average percentage of patients with a lifetime history of NSSI was 27.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 23.8–31.0%] for ED, 21.8% (95% CI 18.5–25.6%) for AN, and 32.7% (95% CI 26.9–39.1%) for BN. The difference between BN and AN was statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% CI 1.14–2.77, p = 0.013]. The odds of NSSI increased by 24% for every 10% increase in the percentage of participants with histories of suicide attempts (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04–1.48, p = 0.020) and decreased by 26% for every 10% increase in the percentage of participants with histories of substance abuse (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.95, p = 0.023).ConclusionsIn the specific context of ED, NSSI is highly prevalent and correlates positively with attempted suicide, urging for NSSI-focused treatments. A novel finding is that NSSI is potentially antagonized by substance abuse.

scholarly journals Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauchlan John Carey ◽  
Douglas P Terry ◽  
Andrew McIntosh ◽  
Peter Stanwell ◽  
Grant L Iverson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Video Review ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Elite Level

Abstract Background: Rugby League is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes. Purpose: To review head impact events in elite level junior representative rugby league and to verify and analyze x-patchTM recorded impacts via video analysis.Study Design: Observational case series.Methods: The x-patchTM was used on twenty-one adolescent players (thirteen forwards and eight backs) during a 2017 junior representative rugby league competition. Game day footage, recorded by a trained videographer from a single camera, was synchronized with accelerometer timestamps. Impacts were double verified by video review. Impact rates, playing characteristics, and game play situations were described.Results: The x-patchTM recorded 624 impacts 20g between game start and finish, of which 564 (90.4%) were verified on video. Upon video review, 413 (73.2%) of all verified impacts 20g where determined to be direct head impacts. Direct head impacts 20g occurred at a rate of 5.2 impacts per game hour; 7.6 for forwards and 3.0 for backs (range=0-18.2). A defender’s arm directly impacting the head of the ball carrier was the most common event, accounting for 21.3% (n=120) of all impacts, and 46.7% of all “hit-up” impacts. There were no medically diagnosed concussions during the competition.Conclusion: The majority (90.4%) of impacts 20g recorded by the x-patchTM sensor were verified by video. Double verification of direct head impacts in addition to cross-verification of sensor recorded impacts using a secondary source such as synchronized video review can be used to ensure accuracy and validation of data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document