scholarly journals Pediatric Chronic Orofacial Pain: A Narrative Review of Biopsychosocial Associations and Treatment Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sangalli ◽  
Robert Gibler ◽  
Ian Boggero
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Psychological Comorbidities ◽  
Chronic Orofacial Pain ◽  
Behavioral Treatments ◽  
Management Approaches

Pediatric chronic orofacial pain (OFP) is an umbrella term which refers to pain associated with the hard and soft tissues of the head, face, and neck lasting >3 months in patients younger than 18 years of age. Common chronic pediatric OFP diagnoses include temporomandibular disorder, headaches, and neuropathic pain. Chronic OFP can adversely affect youth's daily functioning and development in many areas of well-being, and may be associated with emotional stress, depression, functional avoidance, and poor sleep, among other negative outcomes. In this mini-review, we will discuss common psychological comorbidities and familial factors that often accompany chronic pediatric OFP conditions. We will also discuss traditional management approaches for pediatric orofacial pain including education, occlusal appliances, and psychological treatments such as relaxation, mindfulness-based interventions, and cognitive-behavioral treatments. Finally, we highlight avenues for future research, as a better understanding of chronic OFP comorbidities in childhood has the potential to prevent long-term pain-related disability in adulthood.

scholarly journals Myofunctional therapy and orthognathic surgery

1987 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
Elisa Altmann
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Myofunctional Therapy ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: This article proposes a standardized method for myofunctional evaluation and treatment for patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Patients selected for surgery typically exhibit a malocclusion or facial disharmony due to abnormal bone development. [excerpt] <br />Conclusion: Orthognathic surgery, together with orthodontic treatment to align the teeth, provide a harmonious maxillomandibular relationship. Surgery and orthodontics also improve the relationship between the bones and soft tissues. There is an anatomical and aesthetic improvement. However, function in itself is not modified. If the individual has hypotonic lips and tongue thrust, these conditions will persist after surgery. The anatomic harmony of the face will improve function, but it will not solve the problem completely. Myofunctional therapy adds a new dimension to orthognathic surgery. The functional aspects have begun to receive their due value. Some surgical techniques have also become revised in view of a new understanding of physiology, and the once common relapses due to muscle imbalances can now be avoided. The main goal of myofunctional therapy for patients undergoing orthognathic surgery is to restore normal function and to obtain muscular static and dynamic equilibrium. A successful stable outcome from the surgical, orthodontic, and myofunctional treatments has a great impact on the patient's psychological well-being. Myofunctional therapy's relationship to orthognathic surgery is a field ripe for future research.

Relationship between anxiety and chronic orofacial pain of temporomandibular disorder in a group of university students

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Roberto Monteiro ◽  
Paulo Renato Junqueira Zuim ◽  
Aldiéris Alves Pesqueira ◽  
Paula do Prado Ribeiro ◽  
Alício Rosalino Garcia
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Chronic Orofacial Pain

scholarly journals Chronic Orofacial Pain and Systemic Disorders - A Prospective Study from Chennai, Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 3694-3700
Author(s):  
Deepigaa Manivasagam ◽  
Arvind Muthukrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Chronic Orofacial Pain ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Pain Patients

BACKGROUND Orofacial pain conditions occur due to complex pathophysiology and are often associated with psychosocial comorbidities. The purpose of the study was to assess the association between orofacial pain and systemic disorders. METHODS The study was conducted in a university dental hospital setting covering patients visiting for the management of various orofacial pain conditions from October 2020 to February 2021. A total of 50 patients clinically diagnosed with chronic orofacial pain (> 3 months) were involved in the study. RESULTS In this prospective study, 50 orofacial pain patients were involved in the study and consisted of burning mouth syndrome [BMS (12 %)], orofacial neuralgia (26 %), temporomandibular disorder [TMDS (54 %)] and atypical facial pain (8 %). Chronic orofacial pain patients were more common in 21 - 30 years (30 %) with a female predilection (56 %). The most common systemic disorders were gastritis (28 %) followed by depression (17 %), diabetes mellitus (13 %). CONCLUSIONS Chronic orofacial pain has a significant impact on quality of life and daily functioning. Chronic orofacial pain is associated with systemic diseases like gastritis, depression and diabetes mellitus. A biopsychosocial approach for the diagnosis and management may address the multifactorial aetiology of orofacial pain conditions whilst limiting the economic and health-related burden. KEY WORDS Orofacial Pain, Neuropathic Pain, TMD, Gastritis, Depression, Diabetes

scholarly journals 0378 Social Well-Being as a Longitudinal Mediator of the Association Between Discrimination and Sleep Quality

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A145-A145
Author(s):  
N Dautovich ◽  
S Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Multiple Covariates ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Abstract Introduction Discrimination is a risk factor for poor sleep outcomes. Physiological activation is one mechanism tying the experience of discrimination to disturbed sleep. Discrimination, however, can also impact psychosocial well-being, which is a necessary precursor for healthy sleep. Feelings of safety derived from social connections can be threatened when individuals face discrimination. The objective of the current study was to examine the role of social well-being as a factor underlying the longitudinal association between discrimination and sleep quality. Methods An archival analysis was conducted with 937 adults participating in the longitudinal Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Data was collected at three time points across 10 years. Perceived daily discrimination and overall social well-being were assessed via self-report. Sleep quality was assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Global Sleep Quality score. Results The overall model accounted for 15.6% of variance in global sleep quality. Controlling for multiple covariates, more frequent experiences of discrimination predicted worse global sleep quality 10 years later (β=.06, p=.03). Worse overall social well-being was a significant mediator of the discrimination-global sleep quality association (95% CI [.0001, .0118]), such that more frequent discrimination predicted lower overall social well-being, which, in turn, was associated with worse global sleep quality. Conclusion Given the persistence of sleep disparities among stigmatized and marginalized groups and the importance of sleep as a means of health disparity reduction, there is a need to identify mechanisms linking discrimination to poor sleep outcomes. Daily experiences of discrimination, such as being given less respect or treated as though less intelligent, have long-lasting associations with social well-being. Furthermore, social well-being is a predictor of future sleep quality. In addition to addressing discriminatory practices, targeting the effects of social well-being on sleep is a direction for future research. Support N/A

Temple Food As a Sustainable Tourism Attraction: Ecogastronomic Buddhist Heritage and Regional Development in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Anne H.J. Lee ◽  
Geoffrey Wall
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rich Description ◽  
Food Programs ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Narrative Interpretation

This research explores Buddhist heritage-based tourism in South Korea. It examines temple food experiences provided in tandem with templestay programs that emphasize the Buddhist cooking tradition and share aspects of traditional Buddhist culture with visitors. Based primarily on participant observation, this ecologically friendly form of tourism is described and the ongoing development of temple food programs is documented. A "person-centric" perception is adopted from two perspectives: an emphasis on the holistic well-being of individual visitors, and the importance of a specific person in the provision of tourism experiences. Rich description and narrative interpretation are used to explain the phenomenon and provide a foundation on which future research can be grounded.

Computer-Mediated Communication and Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-110
Author(s):  
Adrian Meier ◽  
Emese Domahidi ◽  
Elisabeth Günther
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Systematic Database

The relationship between computer-mediated communication (e.g., Internet or social media use) and mental health has been a long-standing issue of debate. Various disciplines (e.g., communication, psychology, sociology, medicine) investigate computer-mediated communication in relation to a great variety of negative (i.e., psychopathology) and positive (i.e., well-being) markers of mental health. We aim at charting this vast, highly fragmented, and fast growing literature by means of a scoping review. Using methods of computational content analysis in conjunction with qualitative analyses, we map 20 years of research based on 1,780 study abstracts retrieved through a systematic database search. Results reveal the most common topics investigated in the field, as well as its disciplinary boundaries. Our review further highlights emerging trends in the literature and points to unique implications for how future research should address the various relationships between computer-mediated communication and mental health.

New Territories of Positive Life-Span Development: Wisdom and Life Longings

2009 ◽  
pp. 170-184
Author(s):  
Susanne Scheibe ◽  
Ute Kunzmann ◽  
Paul B. Baltes
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Life Course

In search for concepts that help understand how individuals strive for growth and perfection within the boundaries and constraints of human lives, we describe theory and research on the concepts of wisdom, or expert knowledge about human nature and the life course, and Sehnsucht (life longings), the recurring and strong desire for ideal (utopian), alternative states and expressions of life. Both represent relatively new concepts on the agenda of lifespan research, originating from an interest in identifying major topics of public and humanist discourse about the potentials and constraints of life-span development and finding ways to measure them with the methods of normative psychological science. Despite their complexity and multiple meanings, progress has been made in the theory-driven operationalization of wisdom and life longings, allowing new insights into their ontogenesis and role for positive development. Emerging research shows that wisdom and life longings do not directly promote a hedonic life orientation or happiness: neither the insight that life is incomplete (wisdom) nor the experience of this incompleteness (life longings) is compatible with feelings of unequivocal joy and pleasure. Yet, there is emerging evidence that they contribute to other aspects of positive development, emphasizing personal growth, meaning, and the aligning of one's own and other's well-being. We suggest that future research should focus on the links of wisdom and life longings with multiple developmental outcomes and the possible interplay of both concepts in promoting positive development.

scholarly journals SAT0623-HPR THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN ADULTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA: A QUALITATIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1271.1-1272
Author(s):  
S. Derham ◽  
J. Lewis ◽  
E. Dures ◽  
F. Cramp
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Cognitive Changes

Background:Adults with fibromyalgia frequently report symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, often referred to as fibrofog. However primary research exploring cognitive dysfunction in the lives of adults with fibromyalgia is very limited (Kravitz and Katz, 2015).Objectives:The aim of this review was to (i) synthesise the qualitative literature on the lived experiences of cognitive dysfunction in adults with fibromyalgia, (ii) develop common themes through thematic analysis and (iii) identify knowledge gaps to inform future research and clinical practice in this area.Methods:Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Amed, Scopus and OpenGrey), reference lists of key articles and two high impact qualitative journals were searched from 1990 to November 2018. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they reported primary qualitative data exploring the experiences of cognitive dysfunction in adults with fibromyalgia. Included studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) qualitative checklist and extracted data analysed using narrative synthesis. SD conducted critical appraisal and data extraction on all included studies. FC, JL and ED reviewed five papers each. All papers were reviewed by two co-authors. Of the 1413 records identified, 15 studies were selected for inclusion.Results:These studies included 208 women and 22 men with fibromyalgia, aged 18 to 72 years and representing seven different countries. Duration of diagnosis was four months to 34 years. Fourteen studies used interviews and one used focus groups. None of the included studies focussed exclusively on cognitive function in adults with fibromyalgia. Three studies identified themes specific to cognitive dysfunction and fibromyalgia symptoms. The remaining 12 studies presented relevant data intertwined with the overall lived experiences of fibromyalgia.Cognitive dysfunction, as a part of fibromyalgia, was often unpredictable. Problems with memory and concentration that were most commonly reported were emotionally distressing and affected functional and vocational activities. Participants found communication effortful, with a negative impact on work, leisure and social activities. Stress, fear and worry around perceived cognitive changes were commonly expressed. Lost employment or changed work roles and relationships, due to cognitive difficulties, had negative impacts for many participants. The terms cognitive dysfunction and fibrofog were used interchangeably within the studies, but lacked common definition. This introduced uncertainty around whether participants and authors were describing the same phenomenon.Conclusion:Adults with fibromyalgia experience unpredictable and emotionally impactful difficulties related to cognitive dysfunction. Functional impact was broad-reaching, particularly around work ability and lost employment opportunities. It is unclear how cognitive symptoms in fibromyalgia related to co-morbid symptoms such as pain, fatigue and poor sleep. Further research focusing on the full impact of cognitive function on the lives of adults with fibromyalgia is recommended to inform clinical practice. Research to establish clarity of definition of the terms cognitive dysfunction and fibrofog within fibromyalgia is highly recommended.References:[1]Kravitz H, Katz R. Fibrofog and fibromyalgia: a narrative review and implications for clinical practice. Rheumatology International. 2015;35(7):1115-25.Acknowledgments:This work is supported by the National Institute for Heath Research [ICA-PCAF-2018-01-078 to SD]Disclosure of Interests:Sandra Derham: None declared, Jenny Lewis: None declared, Emma Dures Grant/research support from: Independent Learning Grant from Pfizer, combined funding for a research fellow from Celgene, Abbvie and Novartis, Paid instructor for: A fee from Novartis to deliver training to nurses., Fiona Cramp: None declared

Achieving Financial Inclusion for Persons With Disabilities: Exploring Preparedness and Accessibility of Financial Services for Persons With Disabilities in Malawi

2021 ◽  
pp. 104420732110275
Author(s):  
Alex Nester Jiya ◽  
Maxwell Peprah Opoku ◽  
William Nketsia ◽  
Joslin Alexei Dogbe ◽  
Josephine Nkrumah Adusei
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Persons With Disabilities

Deplorable living conditions among persons with disabilities and the need to improve their living conditions cannot be overemphasized. This has triggered international discussion on the need for deliberate social policies to bridge the poverty gap between persons with and without disabilities. In Malawi, expansion of financial services has been identified as an essential tool to accelerate economic and inclusive development. However, empirical studies are yet to explore the preparedness of financial institutions to extend their services to persons with disabilities. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers from commercial banks in Malawi to understand their perspectives on extending financial services to persons with disabilities. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and a descriptive thematic analysis was performed. Although participants reiterated the need to provide persons with disabilities with financial services to improve their well-being, few initiatives have been undertaken to improve their participation. Particularly, participants stated that barriers, such as a lack of financial literacy and adaptive technologies, communication barriers, and high rates of unemployment, explained the reluctance of commercial banks to extend financial services to persons with disabilities. The limitations, recommendations for future research, and implications of the study for policymaking have been highlighted.

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