scholarly journals Mortality and Loss to Follow-Up Among HIV-Exposed Infants After Option B+ Guideline Implementation in Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw ◽  
Ayele Mamo Abebe ◽  
Biruk Beletew Abate ◽  
Mikiyas Amare Getu ◽  
Ayelign Mengesha Kassie
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV program (PMTCT) is a comprehensive approach that aimed for the wellbeing of all HIV-infected women, to prevent new HIV infection among infants born to HIV-positive mothers, and providing management for HIV-positive women and infants. Nevertheless, there was considerably high attrition within the prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs that was merely because of loss to follow-up (LTFU) followed by mortality. In resource-limited countries, one-third of infected children die before 1 year, and more than half of them die before 2 years. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence or incidence of mortality and LTFU among infants born from HIV-positive mothers in the Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Ethiopia.Methods: This study was conducted in five Amhara regional state referral hospitals' prevention of mother-to-child transmission departments. A simple random sampling technique with proportional allocation was used to assess the outcomes of 221 exposed infants. A retrospective cohort design was used in selecting the 221 exposed infants' document from the referral hospitals of the region, Amhara. The exposed infants' profiles were documented between January 1, 2014 and May 30, 2017.Results: This study described attritions (death and loss-to-follow-up) of exposed babies in PMTCT departments of Amhara regional state referral hospitals in Ethiopia. In this study, low LTFU with zero death was reported. Residence, immunization status of babies, and place of delivery were independent factors of LTFU.Conclusions: The cumulative incidence of mortality in this study was zero. This assured that the recommended option is substantial for the elimination of HIV-caused death in 2030 as per WHO plan. However, the cumulative incidence of LTFU was not zero.

scholarly journals Loss to Follow-Up among HIV Positive Pregnant and Lactating Mothers on Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy for PMTCT in Rural Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Kweyamba ◽  
Esther Buregyeya ◽  
Joy Kusiima ◽  
Vianney Kweyamba ◽  
Aggrey David Mukose
Keyword(s):  
Health Facilities ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Peer Educators ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Mother To Child

Background. Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV accounts for more than 90% of all pediatric HIV infections. However, Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV through provision of lifelong ART to HIV positive mothers faces various challenges which affect its success. One of such challenges is the loss to follow-up (LTFU) of mothers. Methodology. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. We were able to trace 279 HIV positive, pregnant, and lactating mothers among mothers who were initiated on lifelong ART for PMTCT in public health facilities in Ntungamo district, Western Uganda. The proportion of those who were lost to follow-up was determined, and Log binomial regression with stepwise backward elimination method was employed to identify factors associated with LTFU. Focus group discussions (FDGs) of women on lifelong ART and key informant interviews (KIIs) of peer educators were also performed. Results. Out of the 279 mothers that were successfully traced and interviewed, 103 (37%) were identified as lost to follow-up. The prevalence of LTFU was higher among those whose transport costs were above $2.75, adj (adjusted) PR (Prevalence Ratio) 1.6 (95% CI; 1.02-2.55); those who waited beyond one hour before being attended to, adj PR 1.74 (95% CI; 1.02-2.96); and those who assumed that their infant was already infected, adj PR 1.76 (95% CI; 1.15-2.70). On interviews, LTFU in these mothers was attributed to fear of swallowing antiretroviral drugs, HIV related stigma and discrimination, inadequate facilitation of the peer educators, long patient waiting time, and transportation to the health facilities. Conclusion. More than one-third of mothers initiated on lifelong ART for PMTCT in Ntungamo district were lost to follow-up over a period of 25 months. Recommendations. Provision of regular and adequate pre-ART and ART adherence counseling and provision of routine health education would reduce LTFU.

scholarly journals Loss to follow up of pregnant women with HIV and infant HIV outcomes in the prevention of maternal to child transmission of HIV programme in two high-burden provinces in Papua New Guinea: a retrospective clinical audit

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e038311
Author(s):  
Angela Kelly-Hanku ◽  
Claire Elizabeth Nightingale ◽  
Minh Duc Pham ◽  
Agnes Mek ◽  
Primrose Homiehombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mother To Child

IntroductionDespite early adoption of the WHO guidelines to deliver lifelong antiretroviral (ARV) regimen to pregnant women on HIV diagnosis, the HIV prevention of mother to child transmission programme in Papua New Guinea remains suboptimal. An unacceptable number of babies are infected with HIV and mothers not retained in treatment. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of this programme and to investigate the factors associated with programme performance outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical records of HIV-positive pregnant women at two hospitals providing prevention of mother to child transmission services. All women enrolled in the prevention of mother to child transmission programme during the study period (June 2012–June 2015) were eligible for inclusion. Using logistic regression, we examined the factors associated with maternal loss to follow-up (LTFU) before birth and before infant registration in a paediatric ARV programme.Results763 of women had records eligible for inclusion. Demographic and clinical differences existed between women at the two sites. Almost half (45.1%) of the women knew their HIV-positive status prior to the current pregnancy. Multivariate analysis showed that women more likely to be LTFU by the time of birth were younger (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.92, 95% CI 1.16 to 7.63), were newly diagnosed with HIV in the current/most recent pregnancy (AOR=3.50, 95% CI 1.62 to 7.59) and were in an HIV serodiscordant relationship (AOR=2.94, 95% CI 1.11 to 7.84). Factors associated with maternal LTFU before infant registration included being primipara at the time of enrolment (AOR=3.13, 95% CI 1.44 to 6.80) and being newly diagnosed in that current/most recent pregnancy (AOR=2.49, 95% CI 1.31 to 4.73). 6.6% (50 of 763) of exposed infants had a positive HIV DNA test.ConclusionsOur study highlighted predictors of LTFU among women. Understanding these correlates at different stages of the programme offers important insights for targets and timing of greater support for retention in care.

scholarly journals The outcome of exclusive breast feeding in infants born to HIV positive mothers on ART under SISU RAKSHA program, Bapuji child health institute, Davangere

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Bhagyalakshmi R. T. ◽  
T. P. Manjunath ◽  
C. R. Banapurmath ◽  
Mruthunjaya S.
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Hiv Seroconversion ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Under SISU RAKSHA program (a joint initiative by SAATHII, not-for-profit organization and Bapuji child health institute, Davangere) the HIV positive pregnant mothers are enrolled, counseled and motivated during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding to adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to reduce mother to child transmission of HIV. Objective is to study the outcome of EBF on infants born to HIV positive mothers on ART under SISU RAKSHA program, with Outcome variables: HIV seroconversion, Growth status, Health status. Methods: 86 infant born to HIV positive mothers who completed 18 months follow up were included in the study. A prestuctured proforma was used to collect information about ART adherence, infant feeding practice, HIV seroconversion, growth and health status. Results: The HIV seroconversion of children on EBF among ART adherent mothers, 94.2 % (66/70) were non-reactive at 18th month follow up and 4.28% (3/70) were reactive. 92.8% (65/70) children growth were normal at 18th month follow up and 5.6% (4/70) were under weight and had recurrent infections. All these observations were statistically significant according to Fisher’s exact test. Conclusions: The rate of mother to child transmission of HIV and rate of other infections among children born to HIV positive mothers is reduced and growth is normal if the mother is adherent to EBF & ART. HIV positive mothers are regularly counseled and motivated to do so under the program. Therefore the SISU RAKSHA program is very effective program for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. 

scholarly journals HIV positive mothers' beliefs about mother-to-child transmission

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lis Aparecida de Souza Neves ◽  
Elucir Gir
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Mother To Child

Beliefs can influence health behavior. This qualitative study aimed to understand the beliefs that influence HIV positive mothers' behaviors towards prevention methods against mother-to-child transmission. Fourteen women were interviewed. Our research was based on the theoretical Health Belief Model, formed by the following dimensions: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits and perceived obstacles. Data analysis showed reflections that evidence the paradox in the AIDS epidemic: knowledge does not change behavior; gender relations; fear of death; fear of stigma; financial problems; disbelief in the virus' existence. Identifying beliefs and understanding how to influence the conduction of the health problem can help services to promote patients' adherence.

scholarly journals Loss to Follow-Up within the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Care Cascade in a Large ART Program in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly E. Rawizza ◽  
Charlotte A. Chang ◽  
Beth Chaplin ◽  
Isah A. Ahmed ◽  
Seema T. Meloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Care Cascade ◽  
Art Program ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION (PMVCT) : LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Siti Waghisatul Astutik ◽  
Antono Suryoputro ◽  
Zahroh Shaluhiyah
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

AbstrakAIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) merupakan kumpulan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menular dan mematikan. Berdasarkan data Kementrian Kesehatan pada tahun 2015 jumlah anak usia ≤ 4 tahun yang terinfeksi HIV sebanyak 795, meningkat pada tahun 2016 menjadi 903. Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak dapat dilakukan melalui 4 (empat) prong/kegiatan, yaitu : 1) Pencegahan penularan HIV pada perempuan usia reproduksi, 2) Pencegahan kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan pada ibu HIV positif, 3) pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu hamil HIV positif ke bayi yang dikandung, dan 4) pemberian dukungan psikologis, sosial dan perawatan kepada ibu HIV positif beserta anak dan keluarganya. Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak (PPIA) atau Prevention Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) merupakan program pemerintah untuk mencegah penularan virus HIV/AIDS dari ibu ke bayi yang dikandungnya. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep, model atau teori yang efektif digunakan untuk mengeketahui gambaran indeks keluarga sehat di beberapa daerah Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara melakukan pencarian beberapa studi yang diterbitkan melalui database Google Scholar, Science direct, dan Scopus. Studi yang dipilih diterbitkan dari tahun 2017-2021. Setelah dilakukan pencarian artikel dengan kata kunci tersebut maka total artikel yang di review dalam tinjauan literatur ini sebanyak 5 (lima) artikel. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan PMTCT adalah kelengkapan data, kualitas SDM, gender, serta dukungan keluarga. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Implementsi, PMTCT AbstractAIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a collection of diseases caused by the infectious and deadly HIV Virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Based on data from the Ministry of Health in 2015 the number of children aged ≤ 4 years infected with HIV as many as 795, increased in 2016 to 903. Prevention of HIV transmission from Mother to Child can be done through 4 (four) activities, namely: 1) Prevention of HIV transmission in women of reproductive age, 2) Prevention of unplanned pregnancy in HIV-positive mothers, 3) prevention of HIV transmission from HIV-positive pregnant women to conceived babies, and 4) providing psychological, social and care support to HIV-positive mothers and their children and families. Prevention of HIV Transmission from Mother to Child (PPIA) or Prevention Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) is a government program to prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS virus from mother to baby. The purpose of this literature review is to know the concept, model or theory that is effectively used to know the picture of healthy family index in some areas of Indonesia. The method is used by searching for several studies published through the Google Scholar, Science direct, and Scopus databases. Selected studies are published from 2017-2021. After searching for articles with these keywords, the total articles reviewed in this literature review as many as 5 (five) articles. Factors that affect the implementation of PMTCT are the completeness of data, the quality of human resources, gender, and family support.Keywords: Evaluation, Implementation, PMTCT 

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