scholarly journals Extensive Transcriptome Changes During Natural Onset and Release of Vegetative Bud Dormancy in Populus

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn T. Howe ◽  
David P. Horvath ◽  
Palitha Dharmawardhana ◽  
Henry D. Priest ◽  
Todd C. Mockler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Vegetative Bud

Sexual reproduction of white spruce (Picea glauca)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Owens ◽  
Marje Molder
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Embryo Abortion ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Cone Development ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Vegetative Bud ◽  
Prophase Of Meiosis

Reproductive buds broke dormancy at the same time as vegetative buds. Pollen mother cells entered prophase of meiosis immediately after dormancy and five-celled, winged pollen was mature about 6 weeks later. Megasporogenesis occurred 3 weeks after microsporogenesis and the female gametophyte was mature in about 6 weeks. Pollination occurred over about 1 week in late May or early June and fertilization occurred about 3 weeks after pollination. One to four archegonia developed. A comparable number of 16-celled proembryos usually developed within 1 week after fertilization and cotyledons began to develop about 1 month after fertilization. Simple polyembryony occurred in most ovules but cleavage polyembryony was not observed. Embryos were fully developed in late August and seeds were mature and shed in September.The small number of archegonia often present, the high incidence of self-pollination, which may have been the cause of the high frequency of early embryo abortion, and the failure of basal and distal ovules to become pollinated were major causes of empty seed.The phenology of reproductive development varied with the site and the elevation but varied little at one site in successive years. Differences were greatest early in the growing season, but by the time of fertilization, higher elevation trees which began development much later had nearly caught up with lower elevation trees and seeds from all sites were mature and shed at about the same time.Reproductive bud dormancy like vegetative bud dormancy was broken in response to photo-period rather than temperature; however, subsequent cone development was greatly affected by temperature.

Changes in Parameters of the Plasmalemma ATPase during Peach Vegetative Bud Dormancy

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-L. Aue ◽  
I. Lecomte ◽  
G. Petel
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Vegetative Bud

scholarly journals Genetics of Length of Dormancy Period in Malus Vegetative Buds

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Hauagge ◽  
James N. Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Dormancy Period ◽  
Chilling Requirements ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Vegetative Bud

In a study of chilling requirement in Malus, broad-sense heritability estimates for the length of vegetative bud dormancy in 43 clones growing under simulated subtropical winter conditions were 0.76 ± 0.04 in 1986 and 0.81 ± 0.04 in 1987. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were 0.66 ± 0.13 in 1986 and 0.69 ± 0.13 in 1987. Seedlings with low chilling requirements (CR) were not observed in crosses where both parents had high bud-chilling requirements. `Koningszuur' did not transmit its long CR to its seedlings. Open-pollinated (OP) seedling populations from the Malus × domestics Borkh. cultivars Anna, Dorsett Golden, Ein Shemer, Khashabi, Winter Banana, and Zabaoani, and the species and interspecific hybrids M. baccata L. DE#98, M. brevipes Rehd., M. ×robusta (Carr.) Rehd. DE#485, M. × robusta No. 5 (`R5'), M. rockii, M. turesi Rehd. PI 34143, and `Rosedale' had at least 5% of their descendants in the lower CR classes. In all but one instance, 50% or more of `Anna' descendants had low CR. Many of these seedlings were within a few classes of the extreme low CR. It is postulated that the low-CR character present in `Anna' is controlled by at least one major dominant gene and that minor genes interact to modulate its effects. Very low-CR cultivars have a shallow bud dormancy. This highly heritable component for low bud CR is related to a failure to develop a deep dormancy state, rather than to acceleration of the termination of the dormancy process.

Bud development in Picea glauca. I. Annual growth cycle of vegetative buds and shoot elongation as they relate to date and temperature sums

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (21) ◽  
pp. 2728-2745 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Owens ◽  
Marje Molder ◽  
Hilary Langer
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Leaf Initiation ◽  
Vegetative Buds ◽  
Vegetative Bud

Vegetative buds of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss were studied throughout the annual growth cycle in several trees in 1975 and 1976 and bud development was related to lateral vegetative shoot growth, date, and temperature sums.Vegetative buds became mitotically active in mid-April at lower elevations and about 6 weeks later at higher elevations. Shoot elongation was characterized by similar smooth sigmoid curves in both years. Shoot growth was slow for the 1st month, rapid during the 2nd month, and slow again for the 3rd month and ended by early August. Temperature sums related best to percentage of shoot elongation if the end of vegetative bud dormancy was used as the starting date and 5 °C was used as the threshold temperature. Arbitrarily chosen starting dates and threshold temperatures gave temperature sums which were related to shoot elongation only when shoot elongation was nearly completed. Generally, if the end of vegetative bud dormancy is known, the number of days from that time is nearly as accurate as the more complex use of temperature sums in predicting the percentage of shoot elongation or the stage of vegetative bud development.Bud-scale initiation occurred during shoot elongation. Axillary buds were initiated in mid-May and flushing occurred when shoots had elongated to about 30% of their final length in late May or early June. The end of shoot elongation coincided with the onset of leaf initiation on all trees in both years. The change from bud-scale initiation to leaf initiation was preceded by a marked increase in apical width and a slight increase in apical height and mitotic frequency. Leaf initiation was rapid for 6 weeks then slower for the last 4 weeks. Vegetative buds became dormant in mid-October.Vegetative bud development is closely related to shoot elongation. Breaking of vegetative bud dormancy was not affected by temperature but shoot elongation and flushing were affected by temperatures which occurred after dormancy was broken.

The possible role of chilling in floral and vegetative bud dormancy release in Pyrus pyrifolia

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hussain ◽  
Q. Niu ◽  
F. Yang ◽  
N. Hussain ◽  
Y. Teng
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release ◽  
Vegetative Bud

Metabolic mechanisms underpinning vegetative bud dormancy release and shoot development in sweet cherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Michailidis ◽  
Evangelos Karagiannis ◽  
Georgia Tanou ◽  
Eirini Sarrou ◽  
Ioannis-Dimosthenis Adamakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Bud Dormancy Release ◽  
Vegetative Bud

scholarly journals Interplay among Antioxidant System, Hormone Profile and Carbohydrate Metabolism during Bud Dormancy Breaking in a High-Chill Peach Variety

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
José A. Hernández ◽  
Pedro Díaz-Vivancos ◽  
José Ramón Acosta-Motos ◽  
Nuria Alburquerque ◽  
Domingo Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Prunus Species ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Aba Content ◽  
Gas Ratio

(1) Background: Prunus species have the ability to suspend (induce dormancy) and restart growth, in an intricate process in which environmental and physiological factors interact. (2) Methods: In this work, we studied the evolution of sugars, antioxidant metabolism, and abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) levels during bud dormancy evolution in a high-chill peach variety, grown for two seasons in two different geographical areas with different annual media temperature, a cold (CA) and a temperate area (TA). (3) Results: In both areas, starch content reached a peak at ecodormancy, and then decreased at dormancy release (DR). Sorbitol and sucrose declined at DR, mainly in the CA. In contrast, glucose and fructose levels progressively rose until DR. A decline in ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities occurred in both seasons at DR. Moreover, the H2O2-sensitive SOD isoenzymes, Fe-SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD, and two novel peroxidase isoenzymes, were detected. Overall, these results suggest the occurrence of a controlled oxidative stress during DR. GA7 was the major bioactive GA in both areas, the evolution of its levels being different between seasons and areas. In contrast, ABA content decreased during the dormancy period in both areas, resulting in a reduction in the ABA/total GAs ratio, being more evident in the CA. (4) Conclusion: A possible interaction sugars-hormones-ROS could take place in high-chill peach buds, favoring the DR process, suggesting that, in addition to sugar metabolism, redox interactions can govern bud DR, regardless of chilling requirements.

Gibberellins and the break of bud dormancy in virus-infected stem cuttings ofEuphorbia pulcherrima

1979 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1328-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nath ◽  
C. L. Mandahar ◽  
A. Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Stem Cuttings
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