scholarly journals Variation in Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Defense Among Norway Spruce Clones and Trade-Offs in Resistance Against a Fungal and an Insect Pest

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Puentes ◽  
Tao Zhao ◽  
Lina Lundborg ◽  
Niklas Björklund ◽  
Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Induced Defense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Meja Treatment

An essential component of plant defense is the change that occurs from a constitutive to an induced state following damage or infection. Exogenous application of the plant hormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has shown great potential to be used as a defense inducer prior to pest exposure, and could be used as a plant protection measure. Here, we examined (1) the importance of MeJA-mediated induction for Norway spruce (Picea abies) resistance against damage by the pine weevil Hylobius abietis, which poses a threat to seedling survival, and infection by the spruce bark beetle-associated blue-stain fungus Endoconidiophora polonica, (2) genotypic variation in MeJA-induced defense (terpene chemistry), and (3) correlations among resistance to each pest. In a semi-field experiment, we exposed rooted-cuttings from nine different Norway spruce clones to insect damage and fungal infection separately. Plants were treated with 0, 25, or 50 mM MeJA, and planted in blocks where only pine weevils were released, or in a separate block in which plants were fungus-inoculated or not (control group). As measures of resistance, stem area debarked and fungal lesion lengths were assessed, and as a measure of defensive capacity, terpene chemistry was examined. We found that MeJA treatment increased resistance to H. abietis and E. polonica, but effects varied with clone. Norway spruce clones that exhibited high constitutive resistance did not show large changes in area debarked or lesion length when MeJA-treated, and vice versa. Moreover, insect damage negatively correlated with fungal infection. Clones receiving little pine weevil damage experienced larger lesion lengths, and vice versa, both in the constitutive and induced states. Changes in absolute terpene concentrations occurred with MeJA treatment (but not on proportional terpene concentrations), however, variation in chemistry was mostly explained by differences between clones. We conclude that MeJA can enhance protection against H. abietis and E. polonica, but the extent of protection will depend on the importance of constitutive and induced resistance for the Norway spruce clone in question. Trade-offs among resistances do not necessarily hinder the use of MeJA, as clones that are constitutively more resistant to either pest, should show greater MeJA-induced resistance against the other.

scholarly journals Establishment of long-term methyl jasmonate-induced resistance in Norway spruce

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Wilkinson ◽  
Lars Dalen ◽  
Thomas Skrautvol ◽  
Jurriaan Ton ◽  
Paal Krokene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Meja Treatment

Norway spruce (Picea abies) is an economically and ecologically important tree species that grows across northern and central Europe. Treating Norway spruce with jasmonate has long-lasting beneficial effects on tree resistance to damaging pests, such as the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus and its fungal associates. The potential involvement of (epi)genetic mechanisms in this long-lasting jasmonate-induced resistance (IR) has gained much recent interest, but remains largely unknown. In this study, we treated 2-year-old spruce seedlings with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and challenged them with the I. typographus vectored necrotrophic fungus Grosmannia penicillata. MeJA treatment reduced the extent of necrotic lesions in the bark and thus elicited IR to the fungus. The transcriptional response of spruce bark to MeJA treatment was analyzed over a 4-week time course using mRNA-seq. This analysis provided evidence that MeJA treatment induced a transient upregulation of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and ethylene biosynthesis and downstream signaling genes. Additionally, genes encoding components of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway showed long-term repression, suggesting a possible role of DNA demethylation in the maintenance of MeJA-IR. These results provide new clues about the potential mechanisms underpinning long-term MeJA-IR in Norway spruce.

Susceptibility of Norway spruce plantations to white pine weevil attacks in southern Quebec

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2362-2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Archambault ◽  
Jacques Morissette ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Bernard Comtois
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Plantation Density ◽  
White Pine Weevil ◽  
Stand Characteristics

Annual levels of attack by the white pine weevil (Pissodesstrobi Peck) in 110 Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) plantations of southern Quebec were measured. The relationships between levels of attack and site and stand characteristics were determined. In 1991, 84% of the plantations were affected by the weevil. Annual levels of attack increased from 2 to 25% of the trees between 1987 and 1991 for the 110 plantations. Drainage and site quality index influenced the levels of attack. On medium-textured soil ecosystems, plantations situated on imperfectly drained soils were significantly more affected (43%) than those on well-drained soils (11%). Plantations located on the most productive sites (site quality index 13–14 m at 25 years) were less affected (8%) than those on the least productive (7–8 m at 25 years) sites (34%). There was no significant correlation between plantation density and levels of attack. The results showed that the white pine weevil is one of the most damaging pests of Norway spruce plantations in southern Quebec. Norway spruce plantations should be monitored annually for damage detection. Appropriate sites should be selected for reforestation to maximize productivity and minimize insect damage.

scholarly journals Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Monoterpenes in Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Tissues Affect Pine Weevil Orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1237-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Lundborg ◽  
Göran Nordlander ◽  
Niklas Björklund ◽  
Henrik Nordenhem ◽  
Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pine Weevil

scholarly journals Seasonal timing and recurrence of methyl jasmonate treatment influence pine weevil damage to Norway spruce seedlings

New Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayuan Chen ◽  
Helena Bylund ◽  
Christer Björkman ◽  
Frauke Fedderwitz ◽  
Adriana Puentes
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Seasonal Timing ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate Treatment

scholarly journals Molecular underpinnings of methyl jasmonate‐induced resistance in Norway spruce

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1827-1843
Author(s):  
Melissa H. Mageroy ◽  
Samuel W. Wilkinson ◽  
Torstein Tengs ◽  
Hugh Cross ◽  
Marit Almvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Induced Resistance

scholarly journals The microRNA response associated with methyl jasmonate-induced resistance in Norway spruce bark

Plant Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100301
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Wilkinson ◽  
Adam Vivian-Smith ◽  
Paal Krokene ◽  
Melissa H. Mageroy
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Spruce Bark

scholarly journals Response of Bioactive Metabolite and Biosynthesis Related Genes to Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation in Codonopsis pilosula

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao-jiao Ji ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
Hai-feng Sun ◽  
Xue-jun Zhang ◽  
Xiao-xiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Metabolite ◽  
Codonopsis Pilosula ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Sucrose Level

Bioactive metabolites in Codonopsis pilosula are of particular interest as an immunostimulant. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) plays an important role in the elicitation of metabolite biosynthesis. Here, we explored the response of metabolites to MeJA elicitation in C. pilosula adventitious roots and multiple shoots. The results showed that the biomass, polysaccharide, and lobetyolin content of adventitious roots exhibited the highest increases with 100 µmol·L−1 MeJA at the 16th day of subculture, whereas the atractylenolide III (a terpenoid) content increased extremely with 50 µmol·L−1 MeJA treatment at the 7th day of subculture. In addition, the biomass and lobetyolin content significantly increased at the 4th day after treatment. Similarly, the polysaccharide and lobetyolin content increased in multiple shoots. Further identification of different metabolites responding to MeJA by 1H-NMR showed an extremely significant increase of the lobetyolinin level, which coincided with lobetyolin. Accordingly, the precursor, fatty acids, showed a highly significant decrease in their levels. Furthermore, a significant increase in β-d-fructose-butanol glycoside was detected, which was accompanied by a decrease in the sucrose level. Accordingly, the enzyme genes responsible for terpenoid and carbohydrate biosynthesis, CpUGPase, and CpPMK, were up regulated. In conclusion, MeJA promoted culture growth and accelerated bioactive metabolite accumulation by regulating the expression of the metabolite biosynthesis related genes, CpUGPase and CpPMK in C. pilosula.

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