scholarly journals Research on the Evolution of “Ren” and “Li” in SikuQuanshu Confucian Classics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Hu ◽  
Fugui Xing ◽  
Miaorong Fan ◽  
Tingshao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Spring And Autumn Period ◽  
New Perspective

Confucian culture has always been the most glorious component of Chinese culture. Governing the mainstream world of China for more than two millennia, it has cast a profound and long-lasting influence on the way of thinking and cultural-psychological formation of the Chinese people. Confucianism emphasizes caring about others with benevolence and governing a state with ethics, reflecting the importance of moral principles for politics. “Ren” and “Li” are important parts of the core values of Confucianism, so analyzing the differences between them and their evolution is of great significance for further understanding Confucian culture. This paper selected 132 classic Confucian works from SikuQuanshu, a large collection of books compiled during the Qianlong’s reign of the Qing Dynasty (1636–1912), to calculate the use of frequency of “Ren” and “Li” in those books by means of big data. Then the data was analyzed to show the development trajectory of “Ren” and “Li” from the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC) to the Qing Dynasty, providing a new perspective for the study of Confucian culture. The analysis result shows that from the Spring and Autumn period to the Qing Dynasty, both the frequencies of “Ren” and “Li” record a peak and a bottom: “Ren” has its peak in the Sui and Tang period (581–907) while “Li” reaches its climax in the Wei and Jin period (220–420); both “Ren” and “Li” hit their bottom during the Yuan Dynasty (1279–1368). The average frequency of “Li” is higher than that of “Ren” during most of the time (eight dynasties and periods). In general, “Li” is more frequently referred to in classic Confucian works than “Ren,” especially in those of the pre-Sui and Tang era. The An-Shi Disturbances in the Tang Dynasty may mark an important turning point for the frequencies of “Ren” and “Li” in classic Confucian works.

The Bannerman Community of Fujian Qinjiang under the Qing Dynasty: A Case Study in Acculturation (涵化)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-92
Author(s):  
Xueshen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Marriage Model ◽  
The Village

Abstract The banner city constructed in 1729 at the village of Qinjiang, Fujian, provides a typical example of interaction and acculturation between Qing bannermen and local Chinese. The bannermen were the small, ethnically defined, but humanly constructed minority that ruled China for two hundred and sixty-eight years. The Qinjiang banner city was established well into that era, and records of life there indicate how much the newcomers accepted Han Chinese culture, local religious beliefs, and Fujian kinship modes. But we also see how the Bannermen maintained self-identity, such as the inner banner circle marriage model and banner community maintenance.

scholarly journals G-STC-M Spatio-Temporal Analysis Method for Archaeological Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Jing Cui ◽  
Yanrong Liu ◽  
Junling Sun ◽  
Di Hu ◽  
Handong He
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Based on the significant hotspots analysis method (Getis-Ord Gi* significance statistics), space-time cube model (STC) and the Mann–Kendall trend test method, this paper proposes a G-STC-M spatio-temporal analysis method based on Archaeological Sites. This method can integrate spatio-temporal data variable analysis and the space-time cube model to explore the spatio-temporal distribution of Archaeological Sites. The G-STC-M method was used to conduct time slice analysis on the data of Archaeological Sites in the study area, and the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of Archaeological Sites in East China from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty were discussed. The distribution of Archaeological Sites has temporal hotspots and spatial hotspots. Temporally, the distribution of Archaeological Sites showed a gradual increasing trend, and the number of Archaeological Sites reached the maximum in the Qing Dynasty. Spatially, the hotspots of Archaeological Sites are mainly distributed in Jiangsu (30°~33° N, 118°~121° E) and Anhui (29°~31° N, 117°~119° E) and the central region of Zhejiang (28°~31° N, 118°~121° E). Temporally and spatially, the distribution of Archaeological Sites is mainly centered in Shanghai (30°~32° N, 121°~122° E), spreading to the southern region.

Reporting to the Sage: Military Monuments in the Imperial Academy in Qing China

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Kwok-leong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
Civilian Education ◽  
Qianlong Emperor

AbstractThis article presents a study of a unique kind of commemorative stele erected by Qing emperors in the Imperial Academy—the symbol of Confucian culture and civilian education—and also replicated in schools across China. Before the Qing dynasty (1644-1911), Chinese rulers did not install military monuments at the academy. In this article, I argue that the Qing emperors erected war monuments in the Imperial Academy to justify and commemorate their wars of conquest. As the emperors required the stelae to be replicated at some of the local schools across China, they became widely accessible to the public. However, the Qing emperors, particularly the Qianlong emperor, were concerned that the stelae could become symbols of abusive warfare, thereby undermining their claims to rule in accordance with Confucian ideals. For this reason, they carefully selected the campaigns to commemorate and ensured that inscriptions on the stelae explained that they had no choice but to embark on war in these instances.

Research and Implementation of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Headdress System in Computer Animation

2014 ◽  
Vol 519-520 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Jun Tang ◽  
Yan Meng
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Computer Animation ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Traditional Chinese Culture ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Rich Material

Traditional Chinese headdress is an important part of the traditional Chinese culture, which provides rich material for computer animation. The creation process of traditional Chinese headdress model in computer animation is complex working and time-consuming. This study establishes the traditional Chinese headdresses database, which covers from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. According to the characteristics of the traditional Chinese headdress, this study develops an intelligent Traditional Chinese Headdress system by MEL, which can import models into the scene and change attributes related with models efficiently. The system is the combination among computer technology, animation art and traditional Chinese culture. It will improve the efficiency and quality in the computer animation creation.

The remains of the ancient bridges on the Wei River in Xi’an City

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Warring States Period ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Warring States ◽  
Western Han Dynasty ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Han ◽  
Wei River

AbstractThe remains of seven bridges in three groups across the Wei River to the north and northeast of the Chang’an City of the Western Han Dynasty discovered successively since 2012 filled in the blank of the archaeology of the bridges across the Wei River. Among the seven bridges, the Chucheng Gate Bridge No. 1 had huge size, which was the largest wooden structure bridge of the same period known to date. The 14C data showed that the Chucheng Gate Bridge No. 4 was built in the late Warring-States Period; the Chucheng Gate Bridge No. 1 was built in the Western Han and at least rebuilt for two times in the Eastern Han and the Three-Kingdoms Period and Western Jin Dynasty; the Luocheng Gate Bridge was built around the late Western Han through the early Eastern Han and the Chucheng Gate Bridge No. 3 was built in the Tang Dynasty. The coins of the Qing Dynasty unearthed in the excavated area of the Chucheng Gate bridges hinted that at latest in the Kangxi Era of the Qing Dynasty, the Wei River was still in the course of the Han through the Tang Dynasties, and the large-scale northward moving of the course of the Wei River would be after that period.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Coupling Path of Qi Culture and Regional Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Wen Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Spring And Autumn Period ◽  
Coupling Path

<p>At present, local culture is becoming more and more important in the developing process of national economy and society, increasing the significance of the development and reconstruction of local culture in various places as well. Local culture can promote the brand building, tourism and economic development. In the long history from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties and till now, Qi culture has been eclectic, becoming a symbol of Chinese culture, and forming a unique spiritual characteristic of self-improvement, kindness, virtue and wisdom. This paper analyzes the coupling path of Qi culture and regional economy.</p>

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